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Member

Maciej WĄSIK

ECR · Poland

Group
ECR
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
96.1 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
91.0 %ⓘ of 5 683 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PiS Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
175 of 4 938 votesⓘ
Committees
LIBE (substitute), TRAN
Member id
257052
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

96.1 %

5 699 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 91.6 % (+4.5 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

91.0 %

5 171 of 5 683 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.1 % (−0.2 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

3.5 %

175 of 4 938 votes where their group had a clear line

85 opposite (for ↔ against), 74 abstained against the line, 16 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

7.6 %

433 of 5 699 votes cast

Participation 96.1 % — ECR median 91.6 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Maciej WĄSIK96.1 %
ECR median91.6 %
Lowest in the group47.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 91.0 % — ECR median 91.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Maciej WĄSIK91.0 %
ECR median91.1 %
Lowest in the group66.8 %
Highest in the group93.7 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong Kong following the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung Adopted 459 for, 12 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro Adopted 374 for, 198 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sector Adopted 514 for, 61 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Sept 2026Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya Adopted 562 for, 1 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Impact of social media and the online environment on young people Adopted 395 for, 136 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The role of social, economic and environmental standards in safeguarding fair competition for all aquatic food products and improving food security Adopted 467 for, 92 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Adopted 368 for, 172 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Adopted 601 for, 4 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Adopted 339 for, 225 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Strengthening global health resilience in partner countries Adopted 319 for, 142 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) Passed 549 for, 92 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) Passed 540 for, 105 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Passed 530 for, 125 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Passed 496 for, 53 against, 125 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation 2028-2034 Passed 600 for, 21 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania for the period 2028-2034 Passed 625 for, 20 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Switzerland Agreement on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 549 for, 75 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws Consent given 640 for, 5 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Iceland Agreement on the participation of Iceland in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 631 for, 7 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Norway Agreement on the participation of Norway in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 612 for, 8 against, 16 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean GMB151 x DAS-44406-6 Objection passed 442 for, 184 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 94313 Objection passed 457 for, 184 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified maize MON 87460 Objection passed 433 for, 159 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Adopted 470 for, 129 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
16 Sept 2026An EU cardiovascular diseases strategy Adopted 545 for, 47 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Adopted 390 for, 218 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Passed 464 for, 50 against, 159 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Passed 433 for, 97 against, 146 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Passed 367 for, 240 against, 59 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sectors Passed 467 for, 158 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation into Union law of measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations Passed 559 for, 48 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM): fishing in the GFCM Agreement area Passed 580 for, 51 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Temporary trade-liberalisation measures applicable to Armenian products Passed 583 for, 49 against, 39 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Passed 440 for, 127 against, 104 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Adopted 420 for, 220 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Adopted 530 for, 77 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Adopted 477 for, 124 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Global role of the euro Adopted 405 for, 146 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Establishment of the digital euro Negotiating mandate approved 416 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Adopted 476 for, 28 against, 96 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Adopted 510 for, 1 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness Adopted 366 for, 192 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement Consent given 479 for, 119 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
8 Jul 2026Protection of the environment through criminal law Consent given 499 for, 99 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Interim Agreement on Trade Consent given 474 for, 131 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU–Morocco Euro-Mediterranean Aviation Agreement: accession to the EU of Croatia (Protocol) Consent given 625 for, 16 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU-Morocco Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting out the terms and conditions for the participation of Morocco in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA): amendment and supplement Consent given 573 for, 35 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Objection passed 388 for, 248 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Lead in certain fishing tackle Objection failed 197 for, 455 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25 Objection passed 460 for, 189 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 3 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242319
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202421
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249290
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241817
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129126
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245756
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244544
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253027
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228223
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253534
2 Apr 2025251246
3 Apr 20256259
5 May 202555
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220212
8 May 2025103101
21 May 202522
22 May 20255350
16 Jun 202521
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259188
19 Jun 2025870
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134132
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256967
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255554
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186182
23 Oct 20255554
13 Nov 2025267262
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 202510098
27 Nov 2025125122
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266767
21 Jan 2026112111
22 Jan 20265857
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261312
12 Feb 2026141140
24 Feb 20264342
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197196
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 2026340
25 Mar 202632
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225219
29 Apr 2026296292
30 Apr 20266866
18 May 202644
19 May 202633
20 May 20269694
21 May 20269896
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264039
17 Jun 2026127125
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202622
7 Jul 20267271
8 Jul 2026144142
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 2026155153
16 Sept 20268078
17 Sept 2026124119

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Waldemar BUDA ECRPoland99 % of 4 801 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland98 % of 5 170 shared81 %
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland98 % of 5 638 shared81 %
Piotr MÜLLER ECRPoland98 % of 4 889 shared81 %
Marlena MALĄG ECRPoland97 % of 5 559 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 601 shared81 %
Tobiasz BOCHEŃSKI ECRPoland97 % of 4 991 shared81 %
Jacek OZDOBA ECRPoland97 % of 5 135 shared81 %
Bogdan RZOŃCA ECRPoland97 % of 5 650 shared81 %
Beata SZYDŁO ECRPoland97 % of 5 403 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal75 % of 5 430 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain75 % of 5 039 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain75 % of 5 403 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain75 % of 5 304 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain75 % of 5 651 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 274 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 364 shared68 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland74 % of 5 121 shared67 %
Ondřej KOVAŘÍK Former memberPatriotsCzechia73 % of 1 154 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia73 % of 4 609 shared62 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-TR Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation CommitteeD-RU DelegationMember16 Jun 2025now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on the PoliceIG10-18 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the EU-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation CommitteeD-RU DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 202415 Jun 2025

Show all 7 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Protection of rail passengers with single ticketsShadow rapporteurTRAN22 Sept 2026
EP delegation to the EU-Turkiye Joint Parliamentary meeting in Ankara 26-27 october 2026Official delegationD-TR22 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationTRAN15 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationTRAN24 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationTRAN17 Jun 2025
Implementation of the rule of law conditionality regimeShadow rapporteur for an opinionLIBE21 May 2025

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

33 contributions recorded; 4 on behalf of their group; 42 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 33 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 58

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders B-10-2026-0411Motion for a resolutionwith 10 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
4 Sept 2026Poland shut out of measures and investments under the European semiconductor strategy E-10-2026-003500Written questionNot yet answered
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
3 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the quality and timeliness of the European Commission’s replies to Members’ written questions B-10-2026-0271Motion for a resolutionwith 33 co-authors—
29 Apr 2026DT Global contracts with the Commission between 2018 and 2025 E-10-2026-001756Written question3 Aug 2026
29 Apr 2026DT Global’s implementation of the Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument – Global Europe (NDICI – Global Europe) programme E-10-2026-001757Written questionNot yet answered
27 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine B-10-2026-0227Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
13 Apr 2026The Commission’s position on Huawei E-10-2026-001490Written question5 Jun 2026

Show all 58 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 25

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
1 Jul 2026Connecting Europe through high-speed rail TRAN-AM-790790 TRAN18
24 Jun 2026Establishing the Union support for internal security for the period from 2028 to 2034 LIBE-AM-790119 LIBE12
24 Jun 2026Establishing the Union support for asylum, migration and integration for the period from 2028 to 2034 LIBE-AM-790113 LIBE9
24 Jun 2026Establishing the Union support for asylum, migration and integration for the period from 2028 to 2034 LIBE-AM-790146 LIBE17
24 Apr 2026Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787835 CJ055
24 Apr 2026Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787836 CJ054
3 Mar 2026Establishing the Union support for asylum, migration and integration for the period from 2028 to 2034 DEVE-AM-785269 DEVE30
15 Dec 2025The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report – annual report 2025 LIBE-AM-781446 LIBE72
1 Dec 2025Establishing a common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union, and repealing Directive 2008/115/EC of the European Parliament and the Council, Council Directive 2001/40/EC and Council Decision 2004/191/EC LIBE-AM-781177 LIBE11
1 Dec 2025Establishing a common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union, and repealing Directive 2008/115/EC of the European Parliament and the Council, Council Directive 2001/40/EC and Council Decision 2004/191/EC LIBE-AM-781171 LIBE33

Show all 25 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Maciej WĄSIK”. Member record. memberId 257052. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257052?roles=all&scope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257052. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257052?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257052,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Maciej WĄSIK}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257052?roles=all&scope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257052?roles=all&scope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257052. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257052. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}