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Member

Thomas GEISEL

No group · Germany

Group
No group NI
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
85.1 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
More facts (5)
National party
Independent
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
Committees
BUDG, ITRE (substitute)
Member id
256939
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

85.1 %

5 047 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

Non-attached median: 86.3 %

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Against clear lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Abstention ⓘ

24.5 %

1 237 of 5 047 votes cast

Participation 85.1 % — Non-attached median 86.3 %, 31 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 31 members of the Non-attached with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Thomas GEISEL85.1 %
Non-attached median86.3 %
Lowest in the group51.3 %
Highest in the group98.9 %
Members31
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other non-attached members; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.
  • The non-attached have no group line: loyalty and votes against a clear line are not computed.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 11 — part 2 456 for, 134 against, 45 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 10 — part 2 362 for, 243 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 10 — part 1 418 for, 180 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 5 — part 2 452 for, 144 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 1 — part 2 430 for, 188 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Final vote — text as a wholeResolution rejected 233 for, 360 against, 59 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 77, adding text after paragraph 98 134 for, 484 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 92 — part 2 139 for, 481 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 92 — part 1 349 for, 68 against, 230 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 16 to paragraph 92 255 for, 314 against, 80 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 91 — part 4 216 for, 389 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 91 — part 3 500 for, 62 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 91 — part 2 85 for, 500 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 91 — part 1 520 for, 66 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 67, adding text after paragraph 91 — part 2 107 for, 536 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 67, adding text after paragraph 91 — part 1 284 for, 289 against, 79 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 76, adding text after paragraph 90 85 for, 526 against, 35 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 75, adding text after paragraph 90 79 for, 526 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 74, adding text after paragraph 90 178 for, 442 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 20 to paragraph 90, point e 327 for, 309 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 19 to paragraph 90, After point d 291 for, 322 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 50 to paragraph 89 — part 4 300 for, 299 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 50 to paragraph 89 — part 3 500 for, 110 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 50 to paragraph 89 — part 2 231 for, 387 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 50 to paragraph 89 — part 1 504 for, 94 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Separate vote on paragraph 88 498 for, 121 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 87 127 for, 473 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 72, adding text after paragraph 87 110 for, 460 against, 76 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 79 168 for, 432 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 79 176 for, 449 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Paragraph 78 — part 4 502 for, 68 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Paragraph 78 — part 3 452 for, 142 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Paragraph 78 — part 2 462 for, 123 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 76 121 for, 468 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 69, adding text after paragraph 75 333 for, 267 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 75 192 for, 420 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 75 280 for, 304 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Paragraph 75 — part 3 367 for, 224 against, 54 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 65, adding text after paragraph 68 74 for, 482 against, 94 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 66 73 for, 558 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 64 326 for, 293 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 64 192 for, 455 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 64 191 for, 454 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 64 330 for, 295 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 64, adding text after paragraph 63 154 for, 433 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 63 — part 2 169 for, 461 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 63 — part 1 196 for, 438 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 63 329 for, 297 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 63 212 for, 303 against, 124 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Paragraph 63 — part 11 483 for, 116 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 23 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242321
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202420
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202440
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129127
24 Oct 2024130
13 Nov 202420
14 Nov 2024360
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241110
28 Nov 20245755
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202520
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254545
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253030
10 Mar 202520
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228227
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251247
3 Apr 20256262
5 May 202555
6 May 2025109
7 May 2025220212
8 May 202510399
21 May 202522
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202520
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259190
19 Jun 20258787
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 202510198
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256967
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255553
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186178
23 Oct 20255553
13 Nov 20252670
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257574
26 Nov 202510099
27 Nov 20251250
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256664
17 Dec 20254342
18 Dec 20254240
20 Jan 20266763
21 Jan 2026112112
22 Jan 20265837
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261312
12 Feb 2026141140
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202610
10 Mar 2026197192
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225221
29 Apr 2026296289
30 Apr 20266866
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 2026960
21 May 20269897
15 Jun 202620
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127124
18 Jun 20267776
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267271
8 Jul 2026144144
9 Jul 2026670
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 2026155154
16 Sept 20268080
17 Sept 202612438

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within No group

No member meets the rule within the group.

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jan-Peter WARNKE No groupGermany97 % of 4 706 shared44 %
Fabio DE MASI No groupGermany97 % of 4 972 shared44 %
Ruth FIRMENICH No groupGermany97 % of 4 993 shared44 %
Michael VON DER SCHULENBURG No groupGermany96 % of 4 362 shared44 %
Martin SONNEBORN No groupGermany71 % of 4 582 shared44 %
Kateřina KONEČNÁ No groupCzechia61 % of 4 610 shared44 %
Branislav ONDRUŠ No groupSlovakia59 % of 3 786 shared44 %
Ondřej DOSTÁL No groupCzechia59 % of 4 650 shared44 %
Ľuboš BLAHA No groupSlovakia58 % of 4 412 shared44 %
Friedrich PÜRNER No groupGermany57 % of 4 321 shared44 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on BudgetsBUDG CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with IranD-IR DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Australia and New ZealandDANZ DelegationSubstitute22 Oct 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 202421 Oct 2024

Show all 5 seats

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

47 contributions recorded; 52 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
14 Sept 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026The resilience of the European transport sector and the need to ensure the supply of essential goods amid ongoing geopolitical instability (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026The resilience of the European transport sector and the need to ensure the supply of essential goods amid ongoing geopolitical instability (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026The resilience of the European transport sector and the need to ensure the supply of essential goods amid ongoing geopolitical instability (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 May 2026European Citizens’ Initiative ‘Stop destroying videogames’ (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Financing EU priorities in a sustainable, predictable and resilient way through a new EU own resource from the online gambling and betting services sector (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
27 Apr 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
10 Mar 2026Presentation of the Energy Package (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 16

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
3 Mar 2026Three years since the railway accident in Tempi, Greece O-10-2026-000010Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
2 Mar 2026Nuclear technology and Horizon Europe E-10-2026-000847Written questionwith 8 co-authors28 May 2026
2 Mar 2026Breach of EU-Israel Association Agreement E-10-2026-000848Written questionwith 7 co-authors1 Jun 2026
27 Feb 2026Omnibus package and EU-Israel Association Agreement E-10-2026-000824Written questionwith 8 co-authors1 Jun 2026
4 Feb 2026Legal basis and extent of EU debt: facilities for Ukraine, Moldova and the Balkans E-10-2026-000444Written questionwith 15 co-authors29 Jun 2026
15 Dec 2025Corruption scandals in the Office of the President of Ukraine and securing the Ukraine Facility E-10-2025-004956Written questionwith 13 co-authors9 Mar 2026
3 Oct 2025Splitting of the association agreement with Mercosur E-10-2025-003894Written questionwith 13 co-authors1 Dec 2025
23 Sept 2025Highly concerning comments by VP/HR Kaja Kallas at EUISS event E-10-2025-003692Written questionwith 10 co-authors19 Dec 2025
15 Sept 2025MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2025-0402Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
11 Jul 2025Secondary publication rights E-10-2025-002842Written questionwith 10 co-authors16 Sept 2025

Show all 16 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 12

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790158 CJ713
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790156 CJ713
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790157 CJ712
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790090 CJ712
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790094 CJ711
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790097 CJ712
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790100 CJ715
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790101 CJ711
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790102 CJ715
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790103 CJ711

Show all 12 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Thomas GEISEL”. Member record. memberId 256939. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256939?page=114&rows=all&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256939. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256939?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256939,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Thomas GEISEL}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256939?page=114&rows=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256939?page=114&rows=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256939. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256939. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}