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Member · Former member

Carola RACKETE

The Left · Germany · left on 15 September 2025

Group
The Left
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
88.5 %ⓘ of 2 298 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
92.6 %ⓘ of 2 027 votes where the group had a line · The Left median 92.8 %
More facts (4)
National party
Independent
In office
16 Jul 2024 – 15 Sept 2025 (left on 15 September 2025)
Against clear line
76 of 1 866 votesⓘ
Member id
256927
More
Cite this page EP profile (opens the official site)
Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

88.5 %

2 033 of 2 298 roll calls while in office

The Left median: 88.5 % (±0.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

92.6 %

1 877 of 2 027 votes where their group had a line

The Left median: 92.8 % (−0.2 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

4.1 %

76 of 1 866 votes where their group had a clear line

20 opposite (for ↔ against), 44 abstained against the line, 12 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

6.0 %

121 of 2 033 votes cast

Participation 88.5 % — The Left median 88.5 %, 47 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 47 members of the The Left with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Carola RACKETE88.5 %
The Left median88.5 %
Lowest in the group44.2 %
Highest in the group99.3 %
Members47
With majority line 92.6 % — The Left median 92.8 %, 47 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 47 members of the The Left with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Carola RACKETE92.6 %
The Left median92.8 %
Lowest in the group81.9 %
Highest in the group96.9 %
Members47
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of The Left; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 2 298

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votesAll roll calls
Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 7 to recital A 236 for, 370 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 3 386 for, 211 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 2 369 for, 219 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 1 430 for, 129 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 6 204 for, 370 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 7 372 for, 226 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 6 376 for, 229 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 5 357 for, 226 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 4 352 for, 214 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 1 282 for, 309 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 11 to paragraph 6 112 for, 454 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 23 to paragraph 6 178 for, 421 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 10 to paragraph 3 300 for, 248 against, 59 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 1 209 for, 386 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 1 182 for, 414 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Final votePassed 531 for, 69 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 15, adding text after recital 4 176 for, 411 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 18 to paragraph 1 194 for, 407 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 14, adding text after recital 2 180 for, 403 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 13, adding text after recital 2 179 for, 405 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 12 to recital 2 178 for, 411 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 17 to Article 2 Directive 2024/1760 (UE) Article 37, point 1 176 for, 412 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 16 to Article 1, paragraph 1, point 1 Directive 2022/2464 (UE) Article 5, point 2 174 for, 407 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 1 68 for, 537 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Immediate risk of further repression by Lukashenka’s regime in Belarus - threats from the Investigative Committee Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 535 for, 19 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Immediate risk of further repression by Lukashenka’s regime in Belarus - threats from the Investigative Committee Paragraph 7 — part 2 477 for, 113 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Immediate risk of further repression by Lukashenka’s regime in Belarus - threats from the Investigative Committee Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 1 250 for, 292 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Execution spree in Iran and the confirmation of the death sentences of activists Behrouz Ehsani and Mehdi Hassani Amendment 1, adding text after recital C 424 for, 54 against, 120 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Execution spree in Iran and the confirmation of the death sentences of activists Behrouz Ehsani and Mehdi Hassani Amendment 3, adding text after recital B 272 for, 264 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Execution spree in Iran and the confirmation of the death sentences of activists Behrouz Ehsani and Mehdi Hassani Amendment 2 to paragraph 8 378 for, 182 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Execution spree in Iran and the confirmation of the death sentences of activists Behrouz Ehsani and Mehdi Hassani Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 4 180 for, 404 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Prosecution of journalists in Cameroon, notably the cases of Amadou Vamoulké, Kingsley Fomunyuy Njoka, Mancho Bibixy, Thomas Awah Junior, Tsi Conrad Separate vote on paragraph 6 418 for, 108 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 432 for, 127 against, 54 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 26, adding text after paragraph 42 193 for, 402 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 42 283 for, 298 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 2 to paragraph 40 429 for, 168 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 39 155 for, 394 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 39 70 for, 389 against, 112 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 39 71 for, 463 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 39 77 for, 451 against, 39 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 39 236 for, 205 against, 147 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Separate vote on paragraph 35 559 for, 3 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 31 113 for, 433 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 25 to paragraph 30 102 for, 453 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 29 123 for, 456 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 23 to paragraph 29 142 for, 426 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 27 133 for, 438 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 27 138 for, 443 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 19 155 for, 412 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 19 143 for, 366 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 15 of 56 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242319
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202420
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249280
7 Oct 202420
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202420
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129127
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 2024180
27 Nov 2024110
28 Nov 2024570
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253030
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228220
13 Mar 20252423
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251251
3 Apr 20256260
5 May 202550
6 May 2025100
7 May 2025220219
8 May 20251030
21 May 202520
22 May 20255349
16 Jun 202520
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258785
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255554
9 Jul 2025134132
10 Jul 20253635
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 202510199
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256968

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within The Left

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Ilaria SALIS The LeftItaly93 % of 1 761 shared87 %
Martin SCHIRDEWAN The LeftGermany92 % of 1 923 shared87 %
Estrella GALÁN The LeftSpain92 % of 1 861 shared87 %
Mimmo LUCANO The LeftItaly91 % of 1 121 shared87 %
Özlem DEMIREL The LeftGermany91 % of 1 760 shared87 %
Damien CARÊME The LeftFrance91 % of 1 969 shared87 %
Anthony SMITH The LeftFrance91 % of 2 013 shared87 %
Marina MESURE The LeftFrance91 % of 1 987 shared87 %
Arash SAEIDI The LeftFrance91 % of 1 807 shared87 %
Leila CHAIBI The LeftFrance91 % of 1 941 shared87 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Ana MIRANDA PAZ GreensSpain87 % of 1 997 shared77 %
Vicent MARZÀ IBÁÑEZ GreensSpain86 % of 1 795 shared77 %
Jaume ASENS LLODRÀ GreensSpain85 % of 1 966 shared77 %
Diana RIBA I GINER GreensSpain84 % of 1 663 shared77 %
Cristina GUARDA GreensItaly84 % of 1 492 shared77 %
Mélissa CAMARA GreensFrance84 % of 1 983 shared77 %
Benedetta SCUDERI GreensItaly83 % of 1 812 shared77 %
Ignazio Roberto MARINO GreensItaly83 % of 1 844 shared77 %
Leoluca ORLANDO GreensItaly83 % of 1 844 shared77 %
David CORMAND GreensFrance83 % of 1 961 shared77 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

21 contributions recorded; 5 on behalf of their group; 27 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
9 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine, the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 2025One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
2 Apr 2025Outcome of the recent COP16 biodiversity negotiations in Rome (debate) on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 1 minRead
13 Mar 2025A Vision for Agriculture and Food (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
13 Feb 2025EU-Mercosur Trade Agreement (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2025One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2025The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: the need for the European Union to contribute to resolving the humanitarian crisis of persons missing in wars and conflicts (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2025Need to enforce the Digital Services Act to protect democracy on social media platforms including against foreign interference and biased algorithms (debate) on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 2 minRead
20 Jan 2025One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2025Powering Europe’s future - advancing the fusion industry for energy independence and innovation (debate) on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 1 minRead

Show all 21 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 36

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
15 Sept 2025MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2025-0402Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
23 Jul 2025Infiltration and surveillance: risks to fundamental rights, democracy and political pluralism in Italy E-10-2025-003048Written questionwith 14 co-authors25 Nov 2025
8 Jul 2025Health access in Gaza and a corridor from Gaza to East Jerusalem hospitals E-10-2025-002776Written questionwith 28 co-authors9 Oct 2025
2 Jun 2025Access for humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip E-10-2025-002193Written questionwith 21 co-authors4 Aug 2025
28 May 2025Urgent activation of the EU Blocking Statute, as requested by Parliament in its 2024 annual report on human rights and democracy in the world E-10-2025-002163Written questionwith 21 co-authors30 Jul 2025
28 May 2025EU-Israel Association Agreement O-10-2025-000019Oral questionwith 39 co-authorsNot yet answered
28 May 2025Gaza: offer of EU assistance in sidelining UN humanitarian agencies and consultation with Palestinian counterparts E-10-2025-002153Written questionwith 27 co-authors15 Jul 2025
27 May 2025Israel’s intention to take full control of the Gaza strip and remove the Palestinian population from the area – EU’s actions and reactions E-10-2025-002127Written questionwith 24 co-authors1 Aug 2025
22 May 2025Proposed liquefied natural gas facility in Pesaro, Italy E-10-2025-002065Written question7 Jul 2025
16 May 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan O-10-2025-000018Oral questionwith 6 co-authorsNot yet answered

Show all 36 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 9

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
21 May 2025Amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements ENVI-AM-773311 ENVI26
21 May 2025Amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements ENVI-AM-774216 ENVI40
20 May 2025The EU strategic objectives for the 20th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), to be held in to be held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, from 24 November to 05 December 2025 ENVI-AM-773348 ENVI42
13 May 2025Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chain AGRI-AM-773314 AGRI11
24 Apr 2025The future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy AGRI-AM-772125 AGRI8
24 Apr 2025The future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy AGRI-AM-773080 AGRI7
24 Apr 2025The future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy AGRI-AM-773077 AGRI12
24 Apr 2025The future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy AGRI-AM-773078 AGRI7
24 Apr 2025The future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy AGRI-AM-773079 AGRI3

Show all 9 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256927?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all
Official source
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
28 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Carola RACKETE”. Member record. memberId 256927. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256927?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all (retrieved 28 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256927. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256927?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-member-256927,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Carola RACKETE}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256927?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256927?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-28},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256927. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256927. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}