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Member

Jaroslav BŽOCH

Patriots · Czechia

Group
Patriots PfE
Country
Czechia
Roll-call participation
93.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
60.1 %ⓘ of 581 votes where the group had a line · Patriots median 80.0 %
More facts (5)
National party
ANO 2011
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
156 of 458 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, IMCO (substitute), LIBE
Member id
220840
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

93.9 %

582 of 620 final votes while in office

Patriots median: 90.8 % (+3.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

60.1 %

349 of 581 votes where their group had a line

Patriots median: 80.0 % (−19.9 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

34.1 %

156 of 458 votes where their group had a clear line

70 opposite (for ↔ against), 70 abstained against the line, 16 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

20.1 %

117 of 582 votes cast

Participation 93.9 % — Patriots median 90.8 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jaroslav BŽOCH93.9 %
Patriots median90.8 %
Lowest in the group44.2 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members89
With majority line 60.1 % — Patriots median 80.0 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jaroslav BŽOCH60.1 %
Patriots median80.0 %
Lowest in the group59.5 %
Highest in the group94.8 %
Members89
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Patriots; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 46 — part 2 406 for, 214 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 46 — part 1 470 for, 117 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 45 — part 3 334 for, 270 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 45 — part 2 327 for, 272 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 45 — part 1 433 for, 153 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Separate vote on paragraph 44 349 for, 228 against, 79 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 43 — part 2 340 for, 285 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 43 — part 1 358 for, 210 against, 81 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Separate vote on paragraph 41 362 for, 214 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 24 — part 2 337 for, 303 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 24 — part 1 532 for, 42 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 21 — part 2 433 for, 135 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 21 — part 1 548 for, 37 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 19 215 for, 294 against, 144 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 19 278 for, 304 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 18 — part 3 399 for, 182 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 18 — part 2 299 for, 354 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 18 — part 1 435 for, 197 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 4 353 for, 224 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 3 330 for, 256 against, 57 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 2 339 for, 302 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 1 539 for, 20 against, 88 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 8 — part 3 388 for, 169 against, 88 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 8 — part 2 472 for, 133 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 8 — part 1 501 for, 61 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 194 for, 309 against, 145 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 6 — part 5 342 for, 280 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 6 — part 4 601 for, 46 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 3 — part 2 490 for, 141 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 3 — part 1 406 for, 200 against, 35 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026An EU cardiovascular diseases strategy Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 545 for, 47 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 470 for, 129 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 6, adding text after recital F 213 for, 426 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 64 218 for, 434 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 64 220 for, 432 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 64 175 for, 438 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 9 to paragraph 64 205 for, 442 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 8 to paragraph 56 216 for, 439 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 7 to paragraph 35 231 for, 426 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania for the period 2028-2034 Final votePassed 625 for, 20 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Norway Agreement on the participation of Norway in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 612 for, 8 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation 2028-2034 Final votePassed 600 for, 21 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Tie
16 Sept 2026EU-Iceland Agreement on the participation of Iceland in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 631 for, 7 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Switzerland Agreement on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 549 for, 75 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 640 for, 5 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Final votePassed 496 for, 53 against, 125 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Amendment 86 to Article 9, paragraph 2 131 for, 532 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Amendment 85, adding text after Article 8 138 for, 532 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Amendment 84 to Article 4, after paragraph 1 168 for, 505 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 530 for, 125 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 4 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Patriots

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Ondřej KNOTEK PatriotsCzechia99 % of 5 011 shared74 %
Klara DOSTALOVA PatriotsCzechia98 % of 4 422 shared74 %
Jana NAGYOVÁ PatriotsCzechia98 % of 4 836 shared74 %
Tomáš KUBÍN PatriotsCzechia98 % of 5 176 shared74 %
Jaroslava POKORNÁ JERMANOVÁ PatriotsCzechia97 % of 5 028 shared74 %
Jaroslav KNOT PatriotsCzechia97 % of 2 917 shared74 %
Ondřej KOVAŘÍK Former memberPatriotsCzechia96 % of 1 029 shared74 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia86 % of 3 175 shared74 %
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia78 % of 3 330 shared74 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal76 % of 5 243 shared74 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia70 % of 1 799 shared55 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly70 % of 3 956 shared68 %
Guillaume PELTIER ECRFrance70 % of 4 736 shared68 %
Georgiana TEODORESCU ECRRomania70 % of 5 274 shared68 %
Adrian-George AXINIA ECRRomania70 % of 4 884 shared68 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland70 % of 4 973 shared68 %
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI ECRPoland69 % of 5 411 shared68 %
Ivaylo VALCHEV ECRBulgaria69 % of 5 372 shared68 %
Marco SQUARTA ECRItaly69 % of 4 269 shared68 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly69 % of 4 849 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember27 Apr 2026now
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldEUDS Special committeeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with Iraq, including the EU-Iraq Parliamentary Cooperation CommitteeD-IQ DelegationMember31 Mar 2025now
Delegation for relations with JapanD-JP DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Australia and New ZealandDANZ DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblySubstitute12 Dec 2024now
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute22 Jan 202526 Apr 2026

Show all 9 seats

Dossiers

Show all 30 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

23 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 28 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 2026Presentation of the Action Plan on Cybersecurity and AI (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
16 Jun 2026An EU future for the Western Balkans (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) SpeechRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
19 May 2026EU cybersecurity and preparedness in view of advanced AI systems (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need for targeted criminal provisions and platforms’ responsibility to effectively address cyberbullying and online harassment (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Child sexual abuse online: protect children, not perpetrators (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 23 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 57

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
15 Sept 2026Migrant invasion in Ceuta: much-needed vigilance E-10-2026-003663Written questionwith 7 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan B-10-2026-0349Motion for a resolutionwith 7 co-authors—
18 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran B-10-2026-0261Motion for a resolutionwith 5 co-authors—
18 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION the situation of women and girls in Afghanistan following the Taliban's adoption of the Criminal Procedure Code for Courts B-10-2026-0249Motion for a resolutionwith 7 co-authors—
7 May 2026Interpretation of Annex V (Row 1) to the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation on grouped packaging and impact on supply chains E-10-2026-001896Written questionwith 17 co-authors16 Jul 2026
21 Apr 2026Selective penalisation of religious expression in European football and consistency with EU fundamental rights E-10-2026-001627Written questionwith 20 co-authors1 Jul 2026
9 Apr 2026EU institutional reform: two-speed Europe, unanimity under threat, and the rise of hidden federalism E-10-2026-001466Written questionwith 13 co-authors23 Jul 2026
25 Mar 2026Restoring genuine academic freedom in our universities E-10-2026-001262Written questionwith 27 co-authors22 May 2026
5 Mar 2026Anti-fascist movements and political violence – the real threat to democracy E-10-2026-000925Written questionwith 62 co-authors29 Apr 2026

Show all 57 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 91

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792057 REGI18
7 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792058 REGI49
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791874 CJ722
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791073 CJ721
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790967 CJ722
22 Jul 2026The 28th regime corporate legal framework – 'EU Inc.' JURI-AM-791128 JURI25
22 Jul 2026The 28th regime corporate legal framework – 'EU Inc.' JURI-AM-791130 JURI38
22 Jul 2026The 28th regime corporate legal framework – ‘EU Inc.’ JURI-AM-791129 JURI21
22 Jul 2026The 28th regime corporate legal framework – 'EU Inc.' JURI-AM-791131 JURI56
16 Jul 2026General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 - all sections AFET-AM-791057 AFET6

Show all 91 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Czechia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jaroslav BŽOCH”. Member record. memberId 220840. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220840?page=4&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220840. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/220840?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-220840,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jaroslav BŽOCH}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220840?page=4&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220840?page=4&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 220840. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220840. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}