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Member

Chiara GEMMA

ECR · Italy

Group
ECR
Country
Italy
Roll-call participation
99.0 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.8 %ⓘ of 610 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
FdL FRATELLI D' ITALIA
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
6 of 506 votesⓘ
Committees
CULT (substitute), EMPL, FEMM, PETI (substitute)
Member id
197794
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

99.0 %

614 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (+7.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.8 %

572 of 610 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (+6.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.2 %

6 of 506 votes where their group had a clear line

3 opposite (for ↔ against), 2 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

17.4 %

107 of 614 votes cast

Participation 99.0 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Chiara GEMMA99.0 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 93.8 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Chiara GEMMA93.8 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendments 89 + 105 + 108 (voted as one) to Article 1 371 for, 260 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 126 to Article 1 173 for, 477 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 70 to Article 1, paragraph 1, point 17; Regulation (EU) 2023/956 362 for, 272 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 120 to Article 1, paragraph 1, after point 2; Regulation (EU) 2023/956 181 for, 462 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 103 to Article 1 182 for, 441 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 87 to Article 1 174 for, 465 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 7 — part 4 451 for, 197 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 7 — part 2 450 for, 196 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 7 — part 1 636 for, 10 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Sept 2026Monday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group – ECB Monday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group — ECB 154 for, 216 against, 85 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 15 to recital K 208 for, 347 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 13 to recital D 238 for, 251 against, 88 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 283 for, 216 against, 83 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 4 279 for, 259 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 255 for, 315 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 366 for, 192 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 4, adding text after recital D 480 for, 77 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 3 to recital B 310 for, 261 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 334 for, 231 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 5 to paragraph 6 312 for, 248 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 3 301 for, 281 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 510 for, 1 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 1 to recital E 176 for, 412 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 5 to recital E 195 for, 391 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 4 to recital C — part 2 133 for, 422 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 4 to recital C — part 1 207 for, 379 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 — part 2 148 for, 414 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 — part 1 194 for, 392 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 476 for, 28 against, 96 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 — part 2 190 for, 402 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 — part 1 177 for, 412 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 188 for, 330 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 7 — part 2 281 for, 285 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 7 — part 1 580 for, 2 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 6 100 for, 404 against, 94 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 5 72 for, 482 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 5 85 for, 445 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 5 543 for, 23 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 4 292 for, 279 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 3 563 for, 14 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 2 291 for, 280 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 1 583 for, 1 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 4 87 for, 454 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 3 172 for, 431 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 4 570 for, 10 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 3 532 for, 49 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 2 594 for, 0 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 1 594 for, 4 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Proposal to reject the text 276 for, 286 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 25 to recital 32 157 for, 385 against, 20 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 0 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Stefano CAVEDAGNA ECRItaly99 % of 5 183 shared81 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly99 % of 5 026 shared81 %
Carlo FIDANZA ECRItaly99 % of 5 492 shared81 %
Francesco TORSELLI ECRItaly99 % of 5 698 shared81 %
Francesco VENTOLA ECRItaly99 % of 5 151 shared81 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly99 % of 4 182 shared81 %
Alberico GAMBINO ECRItaly99 % of 4 429 shared81 %
Antonella SBERNA ECRItaly99 % of 5 110 shared81 %
Carlo CICCIOLI ECRItaly99 % of 4 773 shared81 %
Denis NESCI ECRItaly99 % of 5 814 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal73 % of 5 565 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia73 % of 4 762 shared62 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 198 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain72 % of 5 432 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain72 % of 5 556 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain72 % of 5 780 shared68 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania72 % of 4 837 shared48 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain72 % of 4 450 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain71 % of 4 361 shared68 %
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia71 % of 3 419 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Culture and EducationCULT CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Employment and Social AffairsEMPL CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender EqualityFEMM CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on PetitionsPETI CommitteeSubstitute8 Sept 2025now
Delegation to the EU-Albania Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeD-AL Joint parliamentary committeeVice-chair30 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Central AsiaDCAS DelegationSubstitute4 Nov 2025now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on DisabilityIG10-10 Intergroup / working groupMember11 Mar 2025now

Show all 16 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Boosting skills in the Union – opportunities for vocational education and training in times of transitionShadow rapporteur for an opinionCULT30 Jun 2026
\"The 18th EU-Mongolia Inter-Parliamentary Meeting, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 27 - 29 May 2026\"Official delegationDCAS4 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationEMPL17 Mar 2026
Amending Directives (EU) 2016/2341 and 2016/97 as regards the strengthening of the framework for occupational retirement provisionShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL19 Feb 2026
Establishing a budget expenditure tracking and performance framework and other horizontal rules for the Union programmes and activitiesOpinion rapporteurEMPL21 Jan 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034Shadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL9 Dec 2025
Advancing towards a care society: addressing the gender care gapShadow rapporteurFEMM6 Nov 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionFEMM22 Sept 2025
Advancing towards a care society: addressing the gender care gapShadow rapporteurEMPL22 Sept 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionFEMM3 Sept 2025

Show all 24 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

25 contributions recorded; 14 on behalf of their group; 36 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 25 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 67

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Sept 2026Paolo De Rosa’s links with the Autistici/Inventati hacker group and Italy’s Democratic Party P-10-2026-003407Priority written questionwith 20 co-authorsNot yet answered
3 Jul 2026Extreme heatwaves and bolstering health resilience and civil protection in the EU E-10-2026-002780Written questionwith 6 co-authors20 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation (EU) of 27 March 2026 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/688 as regards infection with bluetongue virus (serotypes 1-24) and infection with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and introducing a derogation for movements of registered equine animals B-10-2026-0342Motion for a resolutionwith 40 co-authors—
1 Jul 2026The Erasmus+ ‘Spark’ project and the use of EU funds for sexual education programmes E-10-2026-002732Written questionwith 8 co-authors19 Aug 2026
30 Jun 2026Recent developments in Denmark concerning Islamic prayers in public spaces E-10-2026-002712Written questionwith 7 co-authors16 Sept 2026
29 Jun 2026China’s dominant position in Latin America and the possible emergence of further threats to the EU’s supply of raw materials E-10-2026-002692Written questionwith 11 co-authors19 Aug 2026
26 Jun 2026External interference of Islamic fundamentalism in Europe E-10-2026-002652Written questionwith 9 co-authors18 Sept 2026
16 Jun 2026Delay and lack of transparency in the publication of the supporting study underpinning the SWD evaluation of the Tobacco Products Directive E-10-2026-002473Written questionwith 6 co-authors3 Sept 2026
27 May 2026Measures to monitor jet fuel prices and safeguard passenger rights in European air transport E-10-2026-002154Written questionwith 9 co-authors22 Jul 2026
13 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to reduce work-related fatalities B-10-2026-0244Motion for a resolution—

Show all 67 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 76

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
2 Sept 2026Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States EMPL-AM-792013 EMPL3
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790915 AGRI1
9 Jul 2026Boosting skills in the Union – opportunities for vocational education and training in times of transition FEMM-AM-790217 FEMM21
22 Jun 2026Boosting skills in the Union – opportunities for vocational education and training in times of transition EMPL-AM-790034 EMPL19
22 Jun 2026The 28th regime corporate legal framework – 'EU Inc.' EMPL-AM-790022 EMPL17
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790057 CJ656
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790061 CJ651
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790058 CJ652
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790059 CJ657
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790062 CJ656

Show all 76 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Italy National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Chiara GEMMA”. Member record. memberId 197794. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197794?page=8&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197794. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197794?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197794,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Chiara GEMMA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197794?page=8&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197794?page=8&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197794. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197794. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}