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Member

Malik AZMANI

Renew · Netherlands

Group
Renew
Country
Netherlands
Roll-call participation
98.5 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
90.1 %ⓘ of 607 votes where the group had a line · Renew median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
VVD Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
43 of 563 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), LIBE
Member id
197781
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

98.5 %

611 of 620 final votes while in office

Renew median: 91.5 % (+7.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

90.1 %

547 of 607 votes where their group had a line

Renew median: 93.6 % (−3.4 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

7.6 %

43 of 563 votes where their group had a clear line

21 opposite (for ↔ against), 22 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

4.4 %

27 of 611 votes cast

Participation 98.5 % — Renew median 91.5 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Malik AZMANI98.5 %
Renew median91.5 %
Lowest in the group64.4 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members76
With majority line 90.1 % — Renew median 93.6 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Malik AZMANI90.1 %
Renew median93.6 %
Lowest in the group79.8 %
Highest in the group97.6 %
Members76
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Renew; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendments 89 + 105 + 108 (voted as one) to Article 1 371 for, 260 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 126 to Article 1 173 for, 477 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 70 to Article 1, paragraph 1, point 17; Regulation (EU) 2023/956 362 for, 272 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 120 to Article 1, paragraph 1, after point 2; Regulation (EU) 2023/956 181 for, 462 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 103 to Article 1 182 for, 441 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 87 to Article 1 174 for, 465 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 7 — part 4 451 for, 197 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 7 — part 2 450 for, 196 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 7 — part 1 636 for, 10 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Sept 2026Monday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group – ECB Monday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group — ECB 154 for, 216 against, 85 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 15 to recital K 208 for, 347 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 13 to recital D 238 for, 251 against, 88 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 283 for, 216 against, 83 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 4 279 for, 259 against, 54 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 255 for, 315 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 366 for, 192 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 4, adding text after recital D 480 for, 77 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 3 to recital B 310 for, 261 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 334 for, 231 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 5 to paragraph 6 312 for, 248 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 3 301 for, 281 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 510 for, 1 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 1 to recital E 176 for, 412 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 5 to recital E 195 for, 391 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 4 to recital C — part 2 133 for, 422 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 4 to recital C — part 1 207 for, 379 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 — part 2 148 for, 414 against, 35 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 6 to paragraph 7 — part 1 194 for, 392 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 476 for, 28 against, 96 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 — part 2 190 for, 402 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 — part 1 177 for, 412 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 188 for, 330 against, 84 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 7 — part 2 281 for, 285 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 7 — part 1 580 for, 2 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 6 100 for, 404 against, 94 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 5 72 for, 482 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 5 85 for, 445 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 5 543 for, 23 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 4 292 for, 279 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 3 563 for, 14 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 2 291 for, 280 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Paragraph 5 — part 1 583 for, 1 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 4 87 for, 454 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 3 172 for, 431 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 4 570 for, 10 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 3 532 for, 49 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 2 594 for, 0 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Separate vote on paragraph 1 594 for, 4 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Proposal to reject the text 276 for, 286 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 25 to recital 32 157 for, 385 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 0 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Renew

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands99 % of 5 159 shared92 %
Anouk VAN BRUG RenewNetherlands99 % of 4 398 shared92 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands99 % of 4 412 shared92 %
Taner KABILOV changed group ECRBulgaria93 % of 474 shared92 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland93 % of 4 638 shared92 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania92 % of 5 161 shared92 %
Elsi KATAINEN RenewFinland92 % of 5 740 shared92 %
Elena YONCHEVA changed group ECRBulgaria92 % of 224 shared92 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany92 % of 5 687 shared92 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany92 % of 3 929 shared92 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tom BERENDSEN Former memberEPPNetherlands88 % of 3 737 shared82 %
Jeroen LENAERS EPPNetherlands88 % of 5 841 shared82 %
Ingeborg TER LAAK EPPNetherlands88 % of 5 818 shared82 %
Willemien KONING EPPNetherlands87 % of 1 888 shared82 %
Christine SCHNEIDER Former memberEPPGermany87 % of 3 666 shared82 %
Daniel CASPARY Former memberEPPGermany87 % of 3 380 shared82 %
Liesbet SOMMEN EPPBelgium87 % of 5 621 shared82 %
Isabel WISELER-LIMA EPPLuxembourg87 % of 5 629 shared82 %
Sven SIMON EPPGermany87 % of 4 728 shared82 %
Pekka TOVERI EPPFinland87 % of 5 183 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the Cariforum-EU Parliamentary CommitteeDCAR Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute26 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the Maghreb countries and the Arab Maghreb Union, including the EU-Morocco, EU-Tunisia and EU-Algeria Joint Parliamentary CommitteesDMAG DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the OACPS-EU Joint Parliamentary AssemblyDACP Parliamentary assemblyVice-chair3 Oct 2024now
Delegation to the Caribbean-EU Parliamentary AssemblyDCAB Parliamentary assemblyChair30 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on LGBTIQ+IG10-16 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on the PoliceIG10-18 Intergroup / working groupVice-chair9 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the OACPS-EU Joint Parliamentary AssemblyDACP Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 20242 Oct 2024
Delegation to the Caribbean-EU Parliamentary AssemblyDCAB Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 202429 Sept 2024

Show all 10 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationLIBE8 Sept 2026
New Eurojust RegulationShadow rapporteurLIBE15 Jul 2026
Combating firearms trafficking and other firearms-related offences and amending Directive (EU) 2024/1260 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShadow rapporteurLIBE6 May 2026
In capacity as delegation leader, to Co-Chair the first Caribbean-EU Parliamentary Assembly in St Johns (Antigua and Barbuda) from 16-18 February 2026Official delegationDACP15 Jan 2026
Establishing a common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union, and repealing Directive 2008/115/EC of the European Parliament and the Council, Council Directive 2001/40/EC and Council Decision 2004/191/ECRapporteurLIBE1 May 2025
Shadow rapporteur for Renew Europe for Morocco in AFETShadow rapporteurAFET12 Feb 2025
Shadow rapporteur for Renew Europe for Libya in AFETShadow rapporteurAFET12 Feb 2025
AFET shadow rapporteur for the 2023 and 2024 Commission reports on TürkiyeShadow rapporteurAFET18 Dec 2024
Report on the 2023-2024 Commission Report on TurkeyShadow rapporteurAFET11 Dec 2024
No dossier namedOpinion rapporteurAFET12 Nov 2024

Show all 14 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

22 contributions recorded; 12 on behalf of their group; 36 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 2 minRead
16 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
16 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) (debate) Speech · 5 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need to combat antisemitism and protect Jewish life in Europe, following the recent attacks against the Jewish community in the Netherlands and Belgium (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026Restoring control of migration: returns, visa policy and third-country cooperation (topical debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2025The deepening democratic crisis in Georgia (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 2 minRead
12 Nov 2025The first European Annual Asylum and Migration report and the setting up of the Annual Solidarity Pool (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Oct 2025Changing security landscape and the role of police at the heart of the EU’s internal security strategy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 22 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 107

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0403Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION The deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong Kong following the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0399Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0416Motion for a resolutionwith 17 co-authors—
9 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers B-10-2026-0390Motion for a resolutionwith 7 co-authors—
11 Aug 2026Application of the Digital Services Act following the Ceuta crisis E-10-2026-003259Written questionwith 3 co-authorsNot yet answered
11 Aug 2026EU situational awareness and early warning during the Ceuta crisis E-10-2026-003260Written questionwith 4 co-authorsNot yet answered
15 Jul 2026Illegal drug websites are making a comeback via foreign domain names E-10-2026-002965Written questionwith 3 co-authors16 Sept 2026
13 Jul 2026Missing and runaway children as an indicator of violence, abuse and grooming E-10-2026-002868Written questionwith 15 co-authorsNot yet answered
7 Jul 2026Impact of Court ruling on Hungarian anti-LGBTI propaganda law on similar law in Bulgaria E-10-2026-002806Written questionwith 18 co-authors15 Sept 2026
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan B-10-2026-0361Motion for a resolutionwith 18 co-authors—

Show all 107 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 43

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 43 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

  • Group Renew Europe Renew · Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism

National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Malik AZMANI”. Member record. memberId 197781. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197781?page=8&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197781. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197781?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197781,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Malik AZMANI}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197781?page=8&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197781?page=8&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197781. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197781. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}