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Member

Bart GROOTHUIS

Renew · Netherlands

Group
Renew
Country
Netherlands
Roll-call participation
81.3 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
90.4 %ⓘ of 501 votes where the group had a line · Renew median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
VVD Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
32 of 458 votesⓘ
Committees
INTA, ITRE, SEDE (substitute)
Member id
197780
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

81.3 %

504 of 620 final votes while in office

Renew median: 91.5 % (−10.2 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

90.4 %

453 of 501 votes where their group had a line

Renew median: 93.6 % (−3.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

7.0 %

32 of 458 votes where their group had a clear line

17 opposite (for ↔ against), 15 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

3.4 %

17 of 504 votes cast

Participation 81.3 % — Renew median 91.5 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Bart GROOTHUIS81.3 %
Renew median91.5 %
Lowest in the group64.4 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members76
With majority line 90.4 % — Renew median 93.6 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Bart GROOTHUIS90.4 %
Renew median93.6 %
Lowest in the group79.8 %
Highest in the group97.6 %
Members76
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Renew; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 201 to Article 4 92 for, 545 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 248 + 310 (voted as one) to Article 4 361 for, 273 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 390 to Article 4 184 for, 460 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 199 to Article 4 92 for, 542 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 274 to Article 4 198 for, 430 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 196 to Article 4 202 for, 428 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 194 + 273 (voted as one) to Article 4 210 for, 421 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 104 to Article 4 591 for, 46 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 193 to Article 4 48 for, 578 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 192 to Article 4 54 for, 585 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 191 to Article 4 47 for, 585 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 102 to Article 4 414 for, 215 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 190 to Article 4 46 for, 585 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 189 to Article 4 50 for, 583 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 188 + 388 (voted as one) to Article 4 229 for, 407 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 99 to Article 4 581 for, 49 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 187 to Article 4 51 for, 582 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 186 + 387 (voted as one) to Article 4 223 for, 416 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 247 + 307 (voted as one) to Article 4 360 for, 279 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 185 to Article 4 96 for, 541 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 184 to Article 4 99 for, 533 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 183 to Article 4 99 for, 535 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 97 to Article 4 413 for, 220 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 182 to Article 4 43 for, 591 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 96 to Article 4 464 for, 172 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 181 to Article 4 50 for, 589 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 180 to Article 4 48 for, 593 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 94 to Article 4 536 for, 100 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 179 + 385 (voted as one) to Article 4 222 for, 415 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 178 + 384 (voted as one) to Article 4 225 for, 412 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 246 + 306 (voted as one) to Article 4 361 for, 282 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 177 to Article 4 95 for, 543 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 176 to Article 4 94 for, 545 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 383 to Article 4 193 for, 451 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 92 to Article 4 573 for, 57 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 175 to Article 4 62 for, 578 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 91 to Article 4 577 for, 57 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 380 to Article 4 184 for, 455 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 174 to Article 4 65 for, 568 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 173 to Article 4 162 for, 474 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 89 to Article 4 572 for, 52 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 88 to Article 4 585 for, 44 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 305 to Article 4 358 for, 277 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 86 to Article 4 271 for, 264 against, 106 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 169 to Article 4 96 for, 493 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 270 to Article 4 190 for, 442 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 82 to Article 4 248 for, 378 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 81 to Article 4 412 for, 219 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 376 to Article 4 188 for, 446 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 167 to Article 4 200 for, 418 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 12 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Renew

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands99 % of 4 351 shared92 %
Anouk VAN BRUG RenewNetherlands99 % of 3 231 shared92 %
Malik AZMANI RenewNetherlands99 % of 4 412 shared92 %
Taner KABILOV changed group ECRBulgaria93 % of 333 shared92 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania92 % of 3 858 shared92 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland92 % of 3 604 shared92 %
Elsi KATAINEN RenewFinland92 % of 4 358 shared92 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany91 % of 3 121 shared92 %
Karin KARLSBRO RenewSweden91 % of 4 383 shared92 %
Marie-Pierre VEDRENNE Former memberRenewFrance91 % of 1 870 shared92 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Willemien KONING EPPNetherlands88 % of 1 176 shared82 %
Tom BERENDSEN Former memberEPPNetherlands88 % of 3 098 shared82 %
Sven SIMON EPPGermany88 % of 3 691 shared82 %
Christine SCHNEIDER Former memberEPPGermany88 % of 2 910 shared82 %
Jeroen LENAERS EPPNetherlands88 % of 4 450 shared82 %
Pekka TOVERI EPPFinland88 % of 3 940 shared82 %
Ingeborg TER LAAK EPPNetherlands88 % of 4 426 shared82 %
Manfred WEBER EPPGermany88 % of 3 470 shared82 %
Lena DÜPONT EPPGermany88 % of 3 593 shared82 %
Daniel CASPARY Former memberEPPGermany88 % of 2 747 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldEUDS Special committeeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with IranD-IR DelegationVice-chair3 Oct 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)DASE DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Freedom of Religion, Belief and ConscienceIG10-13 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on LGBTIQ+IG10-16 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Sky and SpaceIG10-21 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Feb 2025now
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 20248 Jul 2026

Show all 12 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Chips Act 2.0Shadow rapporteurITRE9 Sept 2026
European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA), the European cybersecurity certification framework, and ICT supply chain security and repealing Regulation (EU) 2019/881 (The Cybersecurity Act 2)Shadow rapporteurITRE9 Sept 2026
Establishing a framework of measures for the acceleration of industrial capacity and decarbonisation in strategic sectors and amending Regulations (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2024/1735 and (EU) 2024/3110Shadow rapporteurINTA20 May 2026
Role of trade in strengthening the EU's economic securityShadow rapporteurINTA7 May 2026
European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA), the European cybersecurity certification framework, and ICT supply chain security and repealing Regulation (EU) 2019/881 (The Cybersecurity Act 2)Shadow rapporteurITRE25 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationITRE21 Jan 2026
The screening of foreign investments in the Union and repealing Regulation (EU) 2019/452 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShadow rapporteurINTA16 Oct 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurAFET17 Feb 2025
AFET/SEDE Draft report on Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 - 2024/XXXX(INI)Shadow rapporteurSEDE15 Oct 2024
No dossier namedDelegation vice-chairD-IR1 Oct 2024

Show all 11 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

30 contributions recorded; 8 on behalf of their group; 36 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 30 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 34

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
23 Sept 2026European monitoring and reporting of GNSS interference, following on from P-002590/2026 E-10-2026-003819Written questionNot yet answered
8 Sept 2026Russian-made speed cameras with undocumented remote access procured in the EU P-10-2026-003538Priority written questionNot yet answered
2 Jul 2026EU financing instruments for the deployment of fusion energy infrastructure E-10-2026-002744Written questionwith 13 co-authors18 Sept 2026
29 Jun 2026Evasion of European sanctions through Türkiye in the case of machinery produced in Member States for the Russian military supply chain E-10-2026-002679Written questionwith 9 co-authors21 Aug 2026
24 Jun 2026Russian satellites causing interference with GPS signals across Europe P-10-2026-002590Priority written question17 Aug 2026
11 Jun 2026Small modular reactors E-10-2026-002408Written questionwith 25 co-authors20 Aug 2026
20 May 2026Circumvention of EU sanctions against Russia in the aviation sector E-10-2026-002080Written questionwith 1 co-author16 Jul 2026
18 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran B-10-2026-0262Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
25 Mar 2026Ensuring competition and strategic autonomy in the AI gigafactory supply chain E-10-2026-001255Written questionwith 17 co-authors19 Jun 2026
20 Mar 2026Maritime war risk insurance and European energy security P-10-2026-001180Priority written question24 Apr 2026

Show all 34 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 93

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
29 Sept 2026EU Emissions Trading System and market stability reserve: competitiveness and cost-effective decarbonisation ITRE-AM-796197 ITRE2
29 Sept 2026EU Emissions Trading System and market stability reserve: competitiveness and cost-effective decarbonisation ITRE-AM-796198 ITRE2
29 Sept 2026EU Emissions Trading System and market stability reserve: competitiveness and cost-effective decarbonisation ITRE-AM-796255 ITRE7
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790967 CJ722
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791071 CJ724
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791072 CJ725
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791883 CJ7215
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790968 CJ726
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-786820 CJ721
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790005 CJ533

Show all 93 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

  • Group Renew Europe Renew · Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism

National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
2 October 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Bart GROOTHUIS”. Member record. memberId 197780. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197780?page=63&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 2 October 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197780. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197780?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197780,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Bart GROOTHUIS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197780?page=63&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197780?page=63&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-10-02},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197780. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197780. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}