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Member

Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES

S&D · Spain

Group
S&D
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
88.1 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
98.9 %ⓘ of 546 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PSOE Partido Socialista Obrero Español
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
6 of 541 votesⓘ
Committees
ENVI (substitute), ITRE, PECH, SANT
Member id
197718
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

88.1 %

546 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (−1.5 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

98.9 %

540 of 546 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (+1.8 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.1 %

6 of 541 votes where their group had a clear line

6 opposite (for ↔ against), 0 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

0.4 %

2 of 546 votes cast

Participation 88.1 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES88.1 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 98.9 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES98.9 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 24 to paragraph 37 114 for, 491 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 23 to paragraph 36 228 for, 384 against, 54 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 34 201 for, 429 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 34 192 for, 436 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 34 207 for, 432 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 22 to paragraph 34 190 for, 437 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 33 159 for, 474 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 20 to paragraph 33 88 for, 491 against, 87 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 11 to paragraph 16 190 for, 470 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 5 108 for, 548 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Amendment 18 to paragraph 5 122 for, 534 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement Final voteConsent given 479 for, 119 against, 65 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Lead in certain fishing tackle Final vote on the motion for a resolutionObjection failed 197 for, 455 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 388 for, 248 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 3, adding text after recital M 204 for, 455 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 2, adding text after recital G 190 for, 464 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 1 to recital B 201 for, 464 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 7 to paragraph 3, introductory part 188 for, 465 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 1 189 for, 465 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 1 188 for, 462 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 1 188 for, 456 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Digital assets – challenges for the competitiveness and integrity of the European Union’s financial system Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 390 for, 86 against, 134 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2026 High-Level Political Forum Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 374 for, 185 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 447 for, 128 against, 78 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Paragraph 43 — part 2 464 for, 177 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Separate vote on paragraph 35 473 for, 174 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 33 189 for, 456 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Paragraph 27 — part 2 497 for, 138 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Paragraph 16 — part 2 465 for, 143 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Separate vote on paragraph 14 455 for, 151 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Amendment 4 to paragraph 10 191 for, 455 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Separate vote on paragraph 9 461 for, 121 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 164 for, 461 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Amendment 2 to paragraph 6 184 for, 464 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Separate vote on paragraph 3 448 for, 188 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Amendment 1 to paragraph 3 192 for, 454 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 418 for, 152 against, 85 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Amendment 6 to paragraph 35 279 for, 333 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Amendment 5 to paragraph 34 210 for, 393 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Amendment 4 to paragraph 33 214 for, 389 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Amendment 3 to paragraph 27 283 for, 341 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 501 for, 61 against, 95 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 54 600 for, 27 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 50 169 for, 456 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 50 108 for, 468 against, 77 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 46 139 for, 369 against, 144 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 45 136 for, 463 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 41 110 for, 435 against, 109 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 13 118 for, 510 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 9 118 for, 492 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 7 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Alicia HOMS GINEL S&DSpain98 % of 4 570 shared93 %
Rosa SERRANO SIERRA S&DSpain98 % of 5 109 shared93 %
Elena SANCHO MURILLO S&DSpain98 % of 5 124 shared93 %
Jonás FERNÁNDEZ S&DSpain98 % of 4 828 shared93 %
Marcos ROS SEMPERE S&DSpain98 % of 4 650 shared93 %
Javier MORENO SÁNCHEZ S&DSpain98 % of 4 665 shared93 %
César LUENA S&DSpain98 % of 4 815 shared93 %
Idoia MENDIA S&DSpain98 % of 5 002 shared93 %
José CEPEDA S&DSpain98 % of 4 681 shared93 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain98 % of 4 771 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia90 % of 4 726 shared86 %
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium90 % of 3 616 shared86 %
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly90 % of 1 271 shared86 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance90 % of 4 530 shared86 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance90 % of 4 612 shared86 %
Ľudovít ÓDOR RenewSlovakia89 % of 4 828 shared86 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands89 % of 5 070 shared86 %
Dainius ŽALIMAS RenewLithuania89 % of 4 771 shared86 %
Charles GOERENS RenewLuxembourg89 % of 4 806 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands89 % of 5 134 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute20 Jan 2025now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on FisheriesPECH CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Public HealthSANT CommitteeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with the Federative Republic of BrazilD-BR DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with MercosurDMER DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Cancer and Rare DiseasesIG10-05 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on European Cultural Heritage, Ways of Saint James and other European Cultural RoutesIG10-11 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Seas, Rivers, Islands and Coastal Areas (SEARICA)IG10-20 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Trade UnionsIG10-24 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now

Show all 13 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationITRE24 Aug 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSANT26 Jun 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSANT11 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSANT5 May 2026
Mission to Brazil 6 to 8 May 2026\nOfficial delegationD-BR21 Apr 2026
EuroLat Parliamentary Assembly Meetings 24-28 May Mexico\nOfficial delegationDLAT21 Apr 2026
Mission to Brazil of the Delegation for relations with the Federative Republic of Brazil. 6 to 8 May 2026\nOfficial delegationD-BR7 Apr 2026
DMER Mission to Argentina\n30 March - 1 April 2026Official delegationDMER23 Mar 2026
Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act)Opinion rapporteurENVI9 Mar 2026
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesShadow rapporteur for an opinionENVI15 Jan 2026

Show all 29 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

71 contributions recorded, 15 written statements; 6 on behalf of their group; 76 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 87

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
31 Aug 2026Sustainability of data centres E-10-2026-003396Written questionNot yet answered
24 Jul 2026Compatibility with EU law of legislative measures adopted by the Parliament of the Autonomous Community of Valencia with regard to ‘national priority’ E-10-2026-003118Written questionwith 16 co-authors15 Sept 2026
9 Jul 2026Protecting EU consumers from non-compliant sun creams being sold on e-commerce platforms E-10-2026-002857Written questionwith 1 co-author7 Sept 2026
8 Jul 2026Radioactive waste in the Atlantic E-10-2026-002833Written questionNot yet answered
8 Jul 2026Protecting workers’ rights during medical absences E-10-2026-002830Written questionwith 3 co-authors21 Sept 2026
3 Jul 2026Revision of the data centre sustainability rating system E-10-2026-002781Written question27 Aug 2026
2 Jul 2026Review report on Regulation (EU) 2024/1747 on the electricity market E-10-2026-002757Written question27 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
17 Jun 2026Coordinated consultation campaigns and the integrity of stakeholder input in the revision of the Tobacco Products Directive E-10-2026-002513Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered
1 Jun 2026Rise in cases of severe pulmonary injury linked to vaping products and the need for an EU-wide adverse effects registry E-10-2026-002219Written question3 Sept 2026

Show all 87 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 90

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
11 Sept 2026Modernised rules for patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare SANT-AM-792014 SANT11
10 Sept 2026Amending Directives 2001/18/EC and 2010/53/EU as regards the placing on the market of genetically modified micro-organisms and the processing of organs CJ64-AM-792138 CJ647
10 Sept 2026Amending Directives 2001/18/EC and 2010/53/EU as regards the placing on the market of genetically modified micro-organisms and the processing of organs CJ64-AM-792139 CJ6418
17 Jul 2026Multiannual plan for the fisheries exploiting demersal stocks in the western Mediterranean Sea PECH-AM-791020 PECH48
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790934 CJ5330
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790939 CJ5313
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790936 CJ5332
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790935 CJ5325
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790953 CJ5324
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790933 CJ5335

Show all 90 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
27 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES”. Member record. memberId 197718. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197718?page=12&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 27 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197718. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197718?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197718,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197718?page=12&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197718?page=12&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-27},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197718. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197718. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}