Skip to content

Member

Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI

ECR · Poland

Group
ECR
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
94.2 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
86.2 %ⓘ of 580 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
PiS Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
20 of 481 votesⓘ
Committees
CONT, LIBE (substitute)
Member id
197501
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

94.2 %

584 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (+2.3 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

86.2 %

500 of 580 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (−1.5 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

4.2 %

20 of 481 votes where their group had a clear line

8 opposite (for ↔ against), 10 abstained against the line, 2 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

13.9 %

81 of 584 votes cast

Participation 94.2 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI94.2 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 86.2 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI86.2 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 24, adding text after recital 13 162 for, 424 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 3 to recital 11 257 for, 292 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 23, adding text after recital 8 170 for, 412 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 22, adding text after recital 5 164 for, 425 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 29 to Article 11 353 for, 254 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 28, adding text after Article 3 175 for, 399 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 20 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point j 142 for, 434 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 19 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point g, point vii 110 for, 432 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 18 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point g, point iii 119 for, 436 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 17 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point d 86 for, 479 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 16 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point b 154 for, 421 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 27 to Article 3, paragraph 1, after point a 175 for, 408 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 5 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a, after point 1 322 for, 255 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendments 26 + 31 + 6 + 21 (voted as one) to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a — part 3 362 for, 235 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendments 26 + 31 + 4 (voted as one) to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a — part 2 346 for, 254 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 15 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a 161 for, 430 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 14 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a 160 for, 433 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendments 26 + 31 + 4 (voted as one) to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a — part 1 345 for, 237 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 13 to Article 3, paragraph 1, point a 119 for, 434 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 12 to Article 2, after point 4 158 for, 433 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 11 to Article 2, after point 4 120 for, 433 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 10 to Article 2, after point 4 161 for, 433 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 30 to Article 1, after paragraph 2 369 for, 236 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 9 to Article 1, paragraph 2 114 for, 422 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Amendment 8 to Article 1, paragraph 1 117 for, 422 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from the ePrivacy directive Proposal to reject the text 314 for, 276 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
9 Jul 2026Establishment of the digital euro Decision to open negotiations with the CouncilNegotiating mandate approved 416 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize DP202216 x NK603 x DAS-40278-9 and its sub-combinations DP 202216 x NK603, DP202216 x DAS-40278-9 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 417 for, 167 against, 15 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 575 for, 33 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 460 for, 189 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 87705 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 466 for, 175 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Separate vote on recital J 337 for, 273 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 6 to recital J 292 for, 348 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 5, adding text after recital I 274 for, 323 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 4, adding text after recital I 383 for, 239 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 2, adding text after recital C 374 for, 233 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Separate vote on recital B 625 for, 7 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 22 196 for, 423 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 19 358 for, 166 against, 122 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 14 348 for, 282 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 9 489 for, 142 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendments 1 + 11 (voted as one) to paragraph 9 — part 3 488 for, 68 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendments 1 + 11 (voted as one) to paragraph 9 — part 2 484 for, 78 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendments 1 + 11 (voted as one) to paragraph 9 — part 1 453 for, 141 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 5 234 for, 367 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Separate vote on paragraph 5 615 for, 33 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 2 243 for, 384 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Paragraph 2 — part 2 567 for, 41 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Paragraph 2 — part 1 628 for, 18 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 1 194 for, 445 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 7 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland98 % of 5 484 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland98 % of 5 014 shared81 %
Marlena MALĄG ECRPoland97 % of 5 426 shared81 %
Bogdan RZOŃCA ECRPoland97 % of 5 504 shared81 %
Piotr MÜLLER ECRPoland97 % of 4 727 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 487 shared81 %
Dominik TARCZYŃSKI ECRPoland97 % of 3 621 shared81 %
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland97 % of 4 554 shared81 %
Beata SZYDŁO ECRPoland97 % of 5 457 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 363 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal74 % of 5 294 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 904 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 263 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 167 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 499 shared68 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania73 % of 4 572 shared48 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 5 038 shared67 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 193 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 105 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia72 % of 4 548 shared62 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Budgetary ControlCONT CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-TR Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Central America, including the EU-Central America Association Parliamentary CommitteeDCAM DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Committee on BudgetsBUDG CommitteeMember19 Jul 20246 Oct 2024

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionCONT28 Jan 2026
Discharge 2024: General budget of the EU - Joint UndertakingsShadow rapporteurCONT17 Nov 2025
2023 discharge: General budget of the EU - European Council and CouncilRapporteurCONT24 Sept 2025
Combating VAT fraud – the effectiveness of cross-border cooperation when it comes to VAT fraud and its impact on the EU budgetShadow rapporteurCONT3 Jul 2025
2024/0804(NLE) Partial renewal of Members of the Court of Auditors – BG nomineeShadow rapporteurCONT14 Nov 2024
2024/2030(DEC) 2023 Discharge - Decentralised AgenciesShadow rapporteurCONT10 Oct 2024
2024/2031 (DEC) 2023 Discharge: General budget of the EU - Joint UndertakingsShadow rapporteurCONT10 Oct 2024
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurCONT1 Oct 2024
\"\"2023 Discharge – European Council and Council – 2024/2021(DEC)\"\"RapporteurCONT12 Sept 2024
2023 discharge: General budget of the EU - European External Action Service - 2024/2024(DEC)RapporteurCONT12 Sept 2024

Show all 14 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

53 contributions recorded, 25 written statements; 6 on behalf of their group; 50 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers (debate) StatementRead
16 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) (debate) StatementRead
30 Apr 2026How to secure a sustainable future for the EU livestock sector in light of the need to ensure food security, farmers’ resilience and the challenges posed by animal diseases? (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) StatementRead
25 Mar 2026Combating corruption (debate) StatementRead
24 Feb 2026Four years of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for Ukraine (debate) StatementRead
11 Feb 2026Topical debate requested by a political group (S&D) (Rule 169) - State violence in Minneapolis and the rule of law in the United States (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Feb 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response (debate) StatementRead
21 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 98

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0420Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders B-10-2026-0411Motion for a resolutionwith 10 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre B-10-2026-0356Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Threat of War Crimes, the Escalating Violations of International Humanitarian Law and the Human Rights Situation in El-Obeid, Sudan B-10-2026-0363Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan B-10-2026-0351Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
17 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso B-10-2026-0329Motion for a resolutionwith 18 co-authors—
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Nicaragua - the cases of Carlos Brenes, Salvadora del Socorro Martínez Aburto and Brooklyn Rivera B-10-2026-0317Motion for a resolutionwith 20 co-authors—

Show all 98 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 26

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 26 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political groups this term

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI”. Member record. memberId 197501. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197501?page=9&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197501. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197501?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197501,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197501?page=9&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197501?page=9&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197501. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197501. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}