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Member

Sven MIKSER

S&D · Estonia

Group
S&D
Country
Estonia
Roll-call participation
99.7 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
96.6 %ⓘ of 618 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
SDE Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Erakond
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
19 of 611 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, ITRE (substitute), SEDE
Member id
197497
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

99.7 %

618 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (+10.2 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

96.6 %

597 of 618 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (−0.5 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

3.1 %

19 of 611 votes where their group had a clear line

12 opposite (for ↔ against), 6 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

1.3 %

8 of 618 votes cast

Participation 99.7 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Sven MIKSER99.7 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 96.6 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Sven MIKSER96.6 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 4 to recital G 184 for, 453 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 3, adding text after recital F 187 for, 437 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 9 to recital A 195 for, 429 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 131 — part 1 250 for, 358 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Separate vote on paragraph 95 424 for, 195 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 83 214 for, 359 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Paragraph 72 — part 2 333 for, 210 against, 92 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Paragraph 66 — part 2 279 for, 334 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 56 105 for, 462 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 48 206 for, 412 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 41 110 for, 460 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 12 to paragraph 41 105 for, 459 against, 79 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 1 141 for, 459 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Amendment 10 to paragraph 1 143 for, 458 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Amendment of the EIB’s Statute Final vote on the draft Council decisionPassed 510 for, 105 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Faster and Safer Relief of Excess Withholding Taxes Final votePassed 555 for, 48 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Electronic value added tax exemption certificate Final votePassed 621 for, 10 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Final votePassed 371 for, 240 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 12 to Article 1, paragraph 1, after point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 Article 30, paragraph 4 309 for, 311 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 11 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 319 for, 300 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 10 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 314 for, 303 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 9 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 311 for, 308 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 7 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 303 for, 292 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 6 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 308 for, 303 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 5 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 308 for, 303 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 4 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 324 for, 296 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Amendment 3 to Article 1, paragraph 1, before point 1 Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 306 for, 303 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2024Thursday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group Thursday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group 201 for, 353 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2024Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the Renew and PPE groups Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the Renew and PPE groups 309 for, 191 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 432 for, 60 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 17 162 for, 378 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Paragraph 8 — part 2 488 for, 44 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Paragraph 6 — part 1 531 for, 4 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Separate vote on paragraph 4 511 for, 9 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 453 for, 31 against, 89 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Separate vote on paragraph 18 544 for, 6 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Separate vote on paragraph 17 577 for, 1 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Paragraph 10 — part 2 423 for, 113 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Amendment 2 to paragraph 10 152 for, 394 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Amendment 1 to paragraph 10 258 for, 274 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Paragraph 3 — part 1 573 for, 0 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Separate vote on paragraph 1 527 for, 5 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Urgent need to revise the Medical Devices Regulation Paragraph 1 — part 2 420 for, 208 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2024Urgent need to revise the Medical Devices Regulation Paragraph 1 — part 1 545 for, 80 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Final votePassed 444 for, 179 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 20 to Annex, guideline 6, paragraph 3 — part 3 434 for, 172 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 20 to Annex, guideline 6, paragraph 3 — part 2 424 for, 192 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 20 to Annex, guideline 6, paragraph 3 — part 1 528 for, 54 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 15 263 for, 356 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Amendment 13 — part 2 443 for, 185 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 1 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marina KALJURAND S&DEstonia98 % of 5 415 shared93 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania97 % of 5 516 shared93 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain97 % of 5 359 shared93 %
Sérgio GONÇALVES S&DPortugal97 % of 5 676 shared93 %
Carla TAVARES S&DPortugal97 % of 5 406 shared93 %
Isilda GOMES S&DPortugal97 % of 5 207 shared93 %
Camilla LAURETI S&DItaly97 % of 5 690 shared93 %
André FRANQUEIRA RODRIGUES S&DPortugal97 % of 4 993 shared93 %
Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA S&DSpain97 % of 4 002 shared93 %
Francisco ASSIS S&DPortugal97 % of 4 732 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly91 % of 1 720 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia90 % of 5 056 shared86 %
Charles GOERENS RenewLuxembourg90 % of 5 457 shared86 %
Dainius ŽALIMAS RenewLithuania90 % of 5 423 shared86 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands90 % of 5 735 shared86 %
Ľudovít ÓDOR RenewSlovakia90 % of 5 455 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands90 % of 5 799 shared86 %
Marjan ŠAREC RenewSlovenia90 % of 5 168 shared86 %
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium90 % of 4 154 shared86 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance90 % of 5 151 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the NATO Parliamentary AssemblyDNAT Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Subcommittee on Security and DefenceSEDE SubcommitteeMember19 Jul 202419 Jan 2025

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSEDE27 Jan 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 1907/2006, (EC) No 1272/2008, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2019/1021 and (EU) 2021/697 as regards defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for defence industryRapporteurSEDE16 Oct 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET15 May 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSEDE10 Apr 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET20 Feb 2025
SEDE ad hoc mission to Israel and Palestine (February 05-08, 2025)Official delegation30 Jan 2025
AFET standing rapporteur for the Republic of MoldovaRapporteurAFET19 Nov 2024
AFET Shadow rapporteur for BelarusShadow rapporteurAFET19 Nov 2024
AFET report 'Implementation of the common foreign and security policy - annual report 2024'Shadow rapporteurAFET9 Oct 2024

Show all 9 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

27 contributions recorded; 5 on behalf of their group; 54 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) - Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) - Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Speech · 4 minRead
15 Sept 2026Hybrid attacks against the EU Member States (joint debate) on behalf of S&DSpeech · 2 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Moldova (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Moldova (debate) Speech · 4 minRead
17 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Mar 2026Defence (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Mar 2026EU enlargement strategy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Building a stronger European defence in light of an increasingly volatile international environment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 27 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 15

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0325Motion for a resolutionwith 2 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0309Motion for a resolutionwith 10 co-authors—
6 May 2026European capacity for AI-driven large-scale vulnerability research and cybersecurity resilience E-10-2026-001844Written questionwith 3 co-authors12 Aug 2026
6 May 2026European regulatory gap regarding offensive AI capabilities E-10-2026-001843Written questionwith 3 co-authors7 Jul 2026
9 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the case of Elene Khoshtaria and political prisoners under the Georgian Dream regime B-10-2026-0171Motion for a resolutionwith 4 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026Visa requirement imposed by Nicaragua on certain EU citizens and application of the reciprocity mechanism P-10-2026-000868Priority written questionwith 9 co-authors31 Mar 2026
15 Dec 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against Lithuania B-10-2025-0587Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
6 Oct 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on a united response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure B-10-2025-0437Motion for a resolutionwith 12 co-authors—
3 Sept 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian hybrid threats and malign interference B-10-2025-0357Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
5 Mar 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the white paper on the future of European defence B-10-2025-0150Motion for a resolutionwith 1 co-author—

Show all 15 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 31

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788891 ITRE8
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788905 ITRE7
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788904 ITRE7
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788903 ITRE97
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788902 ITRE91
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788896 ITRE6
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788849 ITRE6
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788895 ITRE4
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788894 ITRE6
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788892 ITRE7

Show all 31 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Estonia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Sven MIKSER”. Member record. memberId 197497. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197497?page=113&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197497. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197497?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197497,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Sven MIKSER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197497?page=113&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197497?page=113&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197497. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197497. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}