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Member

Martin SONNEBORN

No group · Germany

Group
No group NI
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
87.3 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
More facts (5)
National party
Die PARTEI
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
Committees
AFET (substitute), LIBE
Member id
124834
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

87.3 %

541 of 620 final votes while in office

Non-attached median: 89.2 %

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Against clear lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Abstention ⓘ

25.7 %

139 of 541 votes cast

Participation 87.3 % — Non-attached median 89.2 %, 31 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 31 members of the Non-attached with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Martin SONNEBORN87.3 %
Non-attached median89.2 %
Lowest in the group59.2 %
Highest in the group99.4 %
Members31
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other non-attached members; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.
  • The non-attached have no group line: loyalty and votes against a clear line are not computed.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 75, adding text after paragraph 5 343 for, 247 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 74, adding text after paragraph 5 338 for, 261 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 5 201 for, 390 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 5 280 for, 292 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 64 to paragraph 5 200 for, 397 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 4 437 for, 82 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 4 231 for, 350 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 4 272 for, 256 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 4 124 for, 428 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 23 to paragraph 4 427 for, 156 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 63 to paragraph 4 267 for, 332 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 3 194 for, 399 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 3 136 for, 423 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 62 to paragraph 3 92 for, 488 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 2 203 for, 390 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 2 — part 2 524 for, 75 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 2 — part 1 596 for, 8 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 1 427 for, 149 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 1 111 for, 439 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 1 — part 2 435 for, 127 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 601 for, 4 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 5, adding text after recital H 200 for, 406 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 13 to recital C — part 2 344 for, 201 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 13 to recital C — part 1 378 for, 202 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 4, adding text after recital B 195 for, 403 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 22 186 for, 408 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 5 207 for, 397 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Paragraph 5 — part 2 512 for, 86 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Paragraph 5 — part 1 602 for, 8 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 2 — part 2 210 for, 396 against, 1 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 2 — part 1 210 for, 395 against, 1 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 2 347 for, 202 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 1 381 for, 202 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 1 181 for, 424 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 1 196 for, 411 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 — part 2 344 for, 256 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 — part 1 213 for, 394 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 368 for, 172 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Amendment 1, adding text after recital G 141 for, 462 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Separate vote on paragraph 22 452 for, 119 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Separate vote on paragraph 20 480 for, 116 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 13 — part 3 582 for, 10 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 13 — part 2 275 for, 270 against, 64 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 13 — part 1 490 for, 120 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Separate vote on paragraph 12 475 for, 121 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 5 — part 4 478 for, 126 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 5 — part 3 489 for, 116 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 5 — part 2 479 for, 124 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 4 — part 3 474 for, 126 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 4 — part 2 499 for, 95 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 5 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within No group

No member meets the rule within the group.

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Sibylle BERG No groupGermany75 % of 3 632 shared44 %
Fabio DE MASI No groupGermany72 % of 4 976 shared44 %
Ruth FIRMENICH No groupGermany71 % of 5 047 shared44 %
Jan-Peter WARNKE No groupGermany71 % of 4 802 shared44 %
Michael VON DER SCHULENBURG No groupGermany71 % of 4 504 shared44 %
Thomas GEISEL No groupGermany71 % of 4 582 shared44 %
Isabel SERRA SÁNCHEZ The LeftSpain64 % of 3 230 shared37 %
Luke Ming FLANAGAN The LeftIreland64 % of 3 859 shared37 %
Martin GÜNTHER The LeftGermany63 % of 2 489 shared37 %
Anja HAZEKAMP The LeftNetherlands63 % of 2 734 shared37 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute7 Nov 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with Central AsiaDCAS DelegationSubstitute16 Dec 2024now
Delegation to the OACPS-EU Joint Parliamentary AssemblyDACP Parliamentary assemblyMember16 Dec 2024now
Delegation to the Pacific-EU Parliamentary AssemblyDPAC Parliamentary assemblySubstitute4 Dec 2024now
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202429 Oct 2024
Delegation for relations with Central AsiaDCAS DelegationMember19 Sept 202415 Dec 2024
Delegation for relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, including the EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary Committee and the EU-Kosovo Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeDSEE DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 20243 Dec 2024

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

5 contributions recorded; 5 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
6 Jul 2026Order of business Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Presentation of the action plan against cyberbullying (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026Online piracy of sports and other live events: urgent need to address unsolved issues (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
6 May 2025An urgent assessment of the applicability of the Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement (PDCA) with Cuba (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments (RC-B10-0173/2024) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 5 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 13

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Jul 2026Venice Biennale: selective application of democratic criteria for allocation of EU cultural subsidies P-10-2026-002920Priority written question9 Sept 2026
14 Jul 2026Objectives and evaluation of the EU campaign ‘Protect what matters: our democracy’ (follow-up question to E-002586/2026) E-10-2026-002924Written questionNot yet answered
14 Jul 2026Decline in beer consumption in the EU and the situation of the European brewing industry E-10-2026-002921Written question4 Sept 2026
23 Jun 2026Costs, objectives and evaluation of the EU campaign ‘Protect what matters: our democracy’ E-10-2026-002586Written questionNot yet answered
23 Jun 2026Advice and consultations in the drafting of the proposal for a 28th regime corporate legal framework (COM(2026) 321) P-10-2026-002587Priority written question27 Aug 2026
18 Jun 2026Procedural irregularities surrounding the case of the ‘Ulm 5’ activists in Germany E-10-2026-002533Written questionwith 20 co-authors2 Sept 2026
3 Mar 2026Three years since the railway accident in Tempi, Greece O-10-2026-000010Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
20 Jan 2026EEAS plans to downsize EU Delegations and the strategic justifications for these plans E-10-2026-000211Written question26 Feb 2026
20 Jan 2026Security deficiencies in German eID cards and their compatibility with the requirements of the European Digital Identity Wallet and the European Business Wallet P-10-2026-000207Priority written question18 Feb 2026
18 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on modernising transparency standards and personal accountability in the office of the President of the European Commission B-10-2025-0495Motion for a resolution—

Show all 13 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 13

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791073 CJ726
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791874 CJ7217
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791873 CJ723
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-786820 CJ722
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790967 CJ728
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790968 CJ721
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791072 CJ726
30 Jun 2026on the draft Council Decision on the conclusion of an agreement between the European Union and the Swiss Confederation on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime LIBE-AM-790245 LIBE1
10 Feb 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application LIBE-AM-784377 LIBE1
20 Oct 2025Impact of social media and the online environment on young people LIBE-AM-779286 LIBE3

Show all 13 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Martin SONNEBORN”. Member record. memberId 124834. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/124834?page=2&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/124834. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/124834?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-124834,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Martin SONNEBORN}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/124834?page=2&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/124834?page=2&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 124834. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/124834. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}