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Member

Biljana BORZAN

S&D · Croatia

Group
S&D
Country
Croatia
Roll-call participation
91.6 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
98.2 %ⓘ of 568 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
SDP Socijaldemokratska partija Hrvatske
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
7 of 562 votesⓘ
Committees
ENVI (substitute), IMCO
Member id
112748
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

91.6 %

568 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (+2.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

98.2 %

558 of 568 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (+1.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.2 %

7 of 562 votes where their group had a clear line

1 opposite (for ↔ against), 6 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.6 %

9 of 568 votes cast

Participation 91.6 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Biljana BORZAN91.6 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 98.2 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Biljana BORZAN98.2 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Amendment 2 to paragraph 11 467 for, 95 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Paragraph 9 — part 2 500 for, 119 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Separate vote on paragraph 8 527 for, 82 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Amendment 1 to paragraph 7 156 for, 307 against, 180 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Separate vote on paragraph 5 530 for, 49 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Oct 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Italy, Slovenia, Austria, Greece and France further to natural disasters that occurred in 2023 Final votePassed 632 for, 7 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Oct 2024Tuesday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group Tuesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group 189 for, 254 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
7 Oct 2024Tuesday’s agenda – Request by the PfE Group Tuesday’s agenda — Request by the PfE Group 85 for, 335 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 10, adding text after recital J 181 for, 416 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 5, adding text after recital J 220 for, 365 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 6 to recital J 343 for, 230 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 9, adding text after recital C 185 for, 409 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 1, adding text after recital C 213 for, 383 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on recital C 456 for, 112 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on recital B 458 for, 77 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 27 222 for, 375 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 21 — part 2 445 for, 128 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 21 — part 1 597 for, 5 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on paragraph 20 432 for, 145 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on paragraph 12 468 for, 128 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 10 180 for, 409 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 8 — part 2 85 for, 459 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 8 — part 1 427 for, 151 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 145 for, 420 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 5 156 for, 419 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 4 172 for, 425 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 4 — part 2 416 for, 170 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 4 — part 1 429 for, 120 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 309 for, 201 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 4 to paragraph 11 293 for, 285 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 10 576 for, 3 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 9 510 for, 56 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 8 554 for, 33 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 7 545 for, 9 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 6 568 for, 25 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 3 to paragraph 3 132 for, 362 against, 113 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 2 274 for, 311 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 1 318 for, 258 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 234 for, 338 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 425 for, 131 against, 63 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 25 to citation 2 238 for, 303 against, 75 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 11, adding text before paragraph 1 251 for, 322 against, 28 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 11 to recital P 364 for, 186 against, 64 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Recital M — part 2 445 for, 96 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 10, adding text after recital H 167 for, 434 against, 22 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 1 to recital H — part 2 253 for, 307 against, 45 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 1 to recital H — part 1 406 for, 174 against, 35 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 23 104 for, 485 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 23 142 for, 395 against, 66 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 21 71 for, 460 against, 80 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 1 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marko VEŠLIGAJ S&DCroatia97 % of 4 385 shared93 %
Romana JERKOVIĆ S&DCroatia97 % of 4 402 shared93 %
Tonino PICULA S&DCroatia96 % of 5 356 shared93 %
Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA S&DSpain93 % of 3 781 shared93 %
José CEPEDA S&DSpain93 % of 4 763 shared93 %
Alicia HOMS GINEL S&DSpain93 % of 4 620 shared93 %
Lina GÁLVEZ S&DSpain93 % of 4 568 shared93 %
Isilda GOMES S&DPortugal92 % of 4 836 shared93 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania92 % of 5 161 shared93 %
Irene TINAGLI S&DItaly92 % of 5 314 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Irena JOVEVA RenewSlovenia86 % of 5 169 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia86 % of 4 747 shared86 %
Kim VAN SPARRENTAK GreensNetherlands86 % of 5 081 shared83 %
Catarina VIEIRA GreensNetherlands86 % of 5 058 shared83 %
Bas EICKHOUT Former memberGreensNetherlands85 % of 4 396 shared83 %
Vladimir PREBILIČ GreensSlovenia85 % of 4 753 shared83 %
Terry REINTKE GreensGermany85 % of 5 036 shared83 %
Veronika CIFROVÁ OSTRIHOŇOVÁ RenewSlovakia85 % of 4 332 shared86 %
Tineke STRIK GreensNetherlands85 % of 5 172 shared83 %
Lukas SIEPER changed group RenewGermany85 % of 5 057 shared49 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute20 Jan 2025now
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-North Macedonia Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MK Joint parliamentary committeeVice-chair3 Oct 2024now
Delegation to the EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership AssemblyD-UK Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute22 Oct 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of South AsiaDSAS DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Fighting against PovertyIG10-12 Intergroup / working groupMember20 Feb 2026now
Intergroup on the Welfare and Conservation of AnimalsIG10-27 Intergroup / working groupMember8 Jan 2025now
Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202419 Jan 2025
Delegation to the EU-North Macedonia Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MK Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 20242 Oct 2024

Show all 9 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationIMCO22 Apr 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 999/2001, (EC) No 1829/2003, (EC) No 1831/2003, (EC) No 852/2004, (EC) No 853/2004, (EC) No 396/2005, (EC) No 1099/2009, (EC) No 1107/2009, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2017/625 as regards the simplification and strengthening of food and feed safety requirementsShadow rapporteurENVI12 Mar 2026
Amending Council Directive 98/58/EC and Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification and strengthening of food and feed safety requirements, and repealing Council Directives 82/711/EEC and 85/572/EECShadow rapporteurENVI12 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationENVI19 May 2025
Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on detergents and surfactants, amending Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 648/2004 - Resp.: ENVI. Opinion: IMCO (former Rule 57[1]) (Rapporteur: M. Carvalho / EPP CONFIRMED) S &D Shadow rapporteur Biljana BorzanShadow rapporteur for an opinionIMCO2 Oct 2024
No dossier namedDelegation vice-chairD-MK26 Sept 2024

Show all 6 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

8 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 10 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
10 Mar 2026Single Market: how to move from an incomplete single market to one market for one Europe (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Nov 2025Protection of minors online (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 May 2025Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal market (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 May 2025Democratic legitimacy and the Commission’s continued authorisation of genetically modified organisms despite Parliament’s objections (debate) on behalf of S&DSpeech · 1 minRead
7 May 2025High levels of retail food prices and their consequences for European consumers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
12 Mar 2025EU Consumers Day: filling the gaps in protecting 440 million consumers in the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Oct 2024A stronger Europe for safer products to better protect consumers and tackle unfair competition: boosting EU oversight in e-commerce and imports (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Oct 2024Empowering the Single Market to deliver a sustainable future and prosperity for all EU citizens (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 8 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 65

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
2 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the draft Commission implementing decision authorising the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified soybean MON 94313 pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council B-10-2026-0379Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
2 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the draft Commission implementing decision authorising the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified soybean GMB151 x DAS-44406-6 pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council B-10-2026-0380Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
2 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the draft Commission implementing decision renewing the authorisation for the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified maize MON 87460 pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council B-10-2026-0381Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
31 Aug 2026Availability of assistive technology for blind and visually impaired people E-10-2026-003375Written questionNot yet answered
31 Aug 2026Disclosure of the species of origin for animal-derived excipients in human medicines E-10-2026-003374Written questionNot yet answered
21 Jul 2026Implementation of the recommendations of the Commission’s Special Panel on children in the digital world E-10-2026-003064Written questionwith 13 co-authors11 Sept 2026
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the draft Commission Implementing decision authorising the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified maize DP202216 x NK603 x DAS-40278-9 and its sub-combinations DP202216 x NK603, DP202216 x DAS-40278-9, pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council B-10-2026-0336Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the draft Commission implementing decision renewing the authorisation for the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified soybean MON 87705 pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council B-10-2026-0334Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission Implementing Decision renewing the authorisation for the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified maize NK603 × T25 pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council B-10-2026-0335Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
23 Jun 2026Potential health risks of glycerol (E422) in slushy drinks and the adequacy of EU food safety and labelling rules for child protection E-10-2026-002580Written question20 Aug 2026

Show all 65 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 9

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 9 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Croatia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Biljana BORZAN”. Member record. memberId 112748. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/112748?page=117&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/112748. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/112748?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-112748,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Biljana BORZAN}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/112748?page=117&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/112748?page=117&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 112748. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/112748. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}