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Member

Petar VOLGIN

ESN · Bulgaria

Group
ESN
Country
Bulgaria
Roll-call participation
83.6 %ⓘ of 293 roll calls in office · chamber median 91.5 % · 2025, final votes
With majority line
93.5 %ⓘ of 245 votes where the group had a line · ESN median 95.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
Revival
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
12 of 237 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), EMPL, ITRE (substitute), LIBE (substitute)
Member id
257260
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

83.6 %

245 of 293 final votes while in office

ESN median: 89.1 % (−5.5 pts)

Chamber median: 91.5 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.5 %

229 of 245 votes where their group had a line

ESN median: 95.7 % (−2.2 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

5.1 %

12 of 237 votes where their group had a clear line

1 opposite (for ↔ against), 4 abstained against the line, 7 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

11.0 %

27 of 245 votes cast

Participation 83.6 % — ESN median 89.1 %, 27 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 27 members of the ESN with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Petar VOLGIN83.6 %
ESN median89.1 %
Lowest in the group44.4 %
Highest in the group99.3 %
Members27
With majority line 93.5 % — ESN median 95.7 %, 27 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 27 members of the ESN with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Petar VOLGIN93.5 %
ESN median95.7 %
Lowest in the group59.5 %
Highest in the group99.3 %
Members27
  • 2025, 293 final votes; 293 of 371 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ESN; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 339 for, 225 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Strengthening global health resilience in partner countries Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 319 for, 142 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 73, adding text after recital H 181 for, 399 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 16, adding text after recital G 252 for, 326 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Recital F — part 3 381 for, 190 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Recital F — part 2 338 for, 233 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Recital F — part 1 524 for, 48 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 58 to recital E 84 for, 484 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 57, adding text after recital D 193 for, 389 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 56 to recital D 89 for, 494 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendments 14 + 59 (voted as one), adding text after recital C 204 for, 381 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 61, adding text after recital C 215 for, 366 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 60, adding text after recital C 209 for, 378 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 55 to recital C 95 for, 486 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 72, adding text after recital B 345 for, 242 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Separate vote on recital A 459 for, 120 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 42, adding text after citation 5 439 for, 128 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 40, adding text after citation 1 392 for, 132 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 79, adding text after paragraph 15 448 for, 137 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 14 — part 2 297 for, 267 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 14 — part 1 304 for, 268 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 71 to paragraph 14 92 for, 496 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 77, adding text after paragraph 13 330 for, 250 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 70, adding text after paragraph 13 93 for, 493 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 13 257 for, 331 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 13 — part 2 351 for, 232 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 69 to paragraph 13 195 for, 392 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 53, adding text after paragraph 12 390 for, 143 against, 64 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 12 — part 4 441 for, 147 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 12 — part 3 427 for, 166 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 36 to paragraph 12 231 for, 355 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 11 261 for, 335 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 52 to paragraph 11 259 for, 336 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 10 to paragraph 11 208 for, 382 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 68 to paragraph 11 235 for, 358 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 10 277 for, 321 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 10 — part 3 353 for, 240 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 10 — part 2 363 for, 231 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 10 — part 1 390 for, 205 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 67, adding text after paragraph 9 203 for, 392 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 9 266 for, 295 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 50, adding text after paragraph 8 215 for, 335 against, 54 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 48 to paragraph 8 261 for, 316 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 78, adding text after paragraph 7 395 for, 204 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 76, adding text after paragraph 7 177 for, 418 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 66, adding text after paragraph 7 204 for, 395 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 7 202 for, 380 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 30 to paragraph 7 253 for, 329 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 65 to paragraph 7 91 for, 503 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 29 to paragraph 6 261 for, 340 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 4 of 38 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ESN

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Rada LAYKOVA ESNBulgaria91 % of 4 708 shared80 %
Hans NEUHOFF ESNGermany90 % of 4 241 shared80 %
Stanislav STOYANOV ESNBulgaria90 % of 5 131 shared80 %
Irmhild BOSSDORF ESNGermany89 % of 5 178 shared80 %
Christine ANDERSON ESNGermany89 % of 5 070 shared80 %
Marc JONGEN ESNGermany89 % of 4 816 shared80 %
Anja ARNDT ESNGermany89 % of 4 666 shared80 %
René AUST ESNGermany89 % of 4 944 shared80 %
Petr BYSTRON ESNGermany89 % of 4 649 shared80 %
Alexander SELL ESNGermany88 % of 5 017 shared80 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Volker SCHNURRBUSCH changed group ESNGermany96 % of 231 shared49 %
Milan MAZUREK changed group ESNSlovakia76 % of 492 shared49 %
Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group PatriotsPoland74 % of 1 352 shared70 %
Petra STEGER PatriotsAustria73 % of 5 255 shared70 %
Georg MAYER PatriotsAustria72 % of 4 775 shared70 %
Maximilian KRAH Former memberNo groupGermany72 % of 513 shared49 %
Gerald HAUSER PatriotsAustria72 % of 5 095 shared70 %
Roman HAIDER PatriotsAustria72 % of 5 395 shared70 %
Elisabeth DIERINGER PatriotsAustria71 % of 5 374 shared70 %
Harald VILIMSKY PatriotsAustria71 % of 5 202 shared70 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Employment and Social AffairsEMPL CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldEUDS Special committeeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership AssemblyD-UK Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with IsraelD-IL DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on the foreign policy response to external interference in the EU's neighbourhoodShadow rapporteurAFET12 Jun 2026
Countering transnational repression – towards an EU strategy to protect Europe’s sovereignty and democratic valuesShadow rapporteurAFET25 Feb 2026
Report on the 2023-2024 Commission Reports on Ukraine (Shadow Rapporteur: Petar Volgin)Shadow rapporteurAFET9 Dec 2024

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

58 contributions recorded; 15 on behalf of their group; 75 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Hybrid attacks against the EU Member States (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Funeral for war criminal Ratko Mladić and glorification of war crimes in Serbia (debate) on behalf of ESNSpeech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026Future of EU support for Russian democratic forces, anti-war actors and repressed civil society (debate) on behalf of ESNSpeech · 2 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine (debate) on behalf of ESNSpeech · 2 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Question Time (VPC/HR) - EU’s strategy to address the current crises in the Middle East Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 49

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on ending ideological flag displays on the premises of European Union institutions B-10-2026-0284Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on politically motivated banking B-10-2026-0283Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
3 Jun 2026Ukraine’s glorification of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army criminals and the EU accession process E-10-2026-002283Written questionwith 7 co-authors14 Aug 2026
21 May 2026Liabilities of each participating Member State for the EUR 90 billion EU loan package for Ukraine E-10-2026-002108Written questionwith 12 co-authors16 Jul 2026
20 Apr 2026Rising fertiliser prices: what are the risks for our EU farmers? E-10-2026-001609Written questionwith 11 co-authors19 Jun 2026
8 Apr 2026Union Resettlement and Humanitarian Admission Framework Regulation E-10-2026-001410Written questionwith 25 co-authors18 Jun 2026
25 Mar 2026Restoring genuine academic freedom in our universities E-10-2026-001262Written questionwith 27 co-authors22 May 2026
5 Mar 2026Commission interference: electoral processes inside the EU and political pluralism at risk? E-10-2026-000923Written questionwith 37 co-authors4 May 2026
25 Feb 2026Derogation for Bulgaria from the requirement to receive relocated migrants P-10-2026-000804Priority written questionwith 2 co-authors24 Apr 2026

Show all 49 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 39

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 39 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Bulgaria National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Petar VOLGIN”. Member record. memberId 257260. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257260?period=2025&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257260. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257260?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257260,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Petar VOLGIN}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257260?period=2025&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257260?period=2025&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257260. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257260. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}