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Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · Rada LAYKOVA

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Rada LAYKOVA only. Show every member

Rada LAYKOVA’s votes against the line, 149

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
17 Sept 2026Amendment 76, adding text after paragraph 7 The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external bordersAbstainedForESN
17 Sept 2026Amendment 13 to recital C — part 2 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedForESN
17 Sept 2026Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 2 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedForESN
17 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí NavarroAbstainedForESN
17 Sept 2026Amendment 5 to paragraph 8 Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí NavarroAgainstAbstainedESN
17 Sept 2026Amendment 4 to paragraph 7 Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí NavarroAbstainedForESN
15 Sept 2026Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 40 The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027AgainstForESN
15 Sept 2026Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 36 The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027ForAgainstESN
15 Sept 2026Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 36 The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027AbstainedAgainstESN
15 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth GuaranteeAbstainedAgainstESN
15 Sept 2026Amendment 80 to recital CL Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldAbstainedForESN
15 Sept 2026Amendment 60, adding text after paragraph 4 Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldAgainstAbstainedESN
15 Sept 2026Amendment 58, adding text after paragraph 4 Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldAgainstAbstainedESN
9 Jul 2026Separate vote on paragraph 3 The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, SudanForAgainstESN
8 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on SerbiaAbstainedAgainstESN
8 Jul 2026Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 108 2025 Commission report on UkraineAgainstAbstainedESN
8 Jul 2026Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 32 — part 2 2025 Commission report on UkraineAgainstForESN
7 Jul 2026Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 46 Competition policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
7 Jul 2026Amendment 9 to paragraph 21 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2025AbstainedForESN
7 Jul 2026Joint text Final vote Air passenger rightsAbstainedForESN
18 Jun 2026Separate vote on paragraph 1 Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and FinlandAbstainedForESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 13, adding text after recital A Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaAbstainedAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 23 to paragraph 5 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaAgainstForESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 4 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 4 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAbstainedESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 4 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 4 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 1 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 1 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 1 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 1 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaAbstainedAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 1 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaForAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 1 Political repression and humanitarian situation in CubaAbstainedAgainstESN
18 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina FasoAgainstAbstainedESN
17 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on KosovoForAgainstESN
17 Jun 2026Paragraph 27 — part 1 2025 Commission report on North MacedoniaForAgainstESN
17 Jun 2026Paragraph 9 — part 2 2025 Commission report on North MacedoniaAgainstForESN
17 Jun 2026Paragraph 2 — part 1 2025 Commission report on North MacedoniaForAbstainedESN
17 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on AlbaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
17 Jun 2026Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 49 2025 Commission report on TürkiyeAbstainedForESN
17 Jun 2026Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 35 2025 Commission report on TürkiyeAbstainedForESN
17 Jun 2026Amendment 4 to paragraph 22 2025 Commission report on TürkiyeAgainstForESN
17 Jun 2026Amendment 89 to recital 3 Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast)ForAgainstESN
17 Jun 2026Amendments 23 + 35 (voted as one), adding text after Article 24 Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAbstainedForESN
17 Jun 2026Amendments 22 + 33 (voted as one) to Article 10, after paragraph 1 Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAbstainedForESN
29 Apr 2026Paragraph 74 — part 2 Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
29 Apr 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Norway Agreement on transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crimeAgainstForESN
29 Apr 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Iceland agreement on transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute terrorist offences and serious crimeAgainstForESN
28 Apr 2026Final vote — text as a whole Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstESN
28 Apr 2026Paragraph 12 — part 1 Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EUAgainstForESN
Show all 149 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
28 Apr 2026Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 7 Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EUForAgainstESN
28 Apr 2026Final vote Generalised scheme of tariff preferencesForAgainstESN
28 Apr 2026Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 34 Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section IIIAbstainedForESN
28 Apr 2026Amendment 34 to paragraph 71 Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034AbstainedAgainstESN
28 Apr 2026Amendment 93, adding text after paragraph 40 Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034ForAgainstESN
28 Apr 2026Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 26 Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034AbstainedForESN
11 Mar 2026Amendment 2 to paragraph 1, after point v Recommendation on enhanced EU-Canada cooperation in the current geopolitical context, including the threats to Canada’s economic stability and sovereigntyAbstainedAgainstESN
11 Mar 2026Amendment 1 EU enlargement strategyAbstainedForESN
10 Mar 2026Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 10 Public access to documents - report 2022 - 2024AbstainedForESN
24 Feb 2026Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 16 — part 2 Four years of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for UkraineAbstainedForESN
24 Feb 2026Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 5 Four years of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for UkraineAgainstAbstainedESN
12 Feb 2026Recital N — part 2 Situation in Northeast Syria, the violence against civilians and the need to maintain a sustainable ceasefireAgainstAbstainedESN
12 Feb 2026Amendment 26, adding text after paragraph 13 Situation in Northeast Syria, the violence against civilians and the need to maintain a sustainable ceasefireAgainstAbstainedESN
12 Feb 2026Separate vote on citation 6 Recommendation to the Council on EU priorities for the 70th session of the UN Commission on the Status of WomenForAgainstESN
11 Feb 2026Final vote — text as a whole Interim report in view of the consent procedure on the Agreement establishing an association between the EU and the Principality of Andorra and the Republic of San MarinoAgainstAbstainedESN
10 Feb 2026Final vote European Union designs (codification)AgainstAbstainedESN
22 Jan 2026Separate vote on recital T Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaForAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Recital Q — part 2 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Recital P — part 2 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaForAbstainedESN
22 Jan 2026Paragraph 11 — part 2 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Paragraph 11 — part 1 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Separate vote on paragraph 9 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Separate vote on paragraph 8 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaForAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Separate vote on paragraph 7 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Separate vote on paragraph 6 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Paragraph 5 — part 2 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaForAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Paragraph 5 — part 1 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaForAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Separate vote on paragraph 4 Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaForAgainstESN
22 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole Brutal repression against protesters in IranAgainstAbstainedESN
22 Jan 2026Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 1 Brutal repression against protesters in IranAbstainedForESN
22 Jan 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Drones and new systems of warfare – the EU’s need to adapt to be fit for today’s security challengesAgainstAbstainedESN
22 Jan 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Case of Joseph Figueira Martin in the Central African RepublicAbstainedForESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 4 to paragraph 21 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2025AbstainedForESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 11 to paragraph 28 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 2 — part 1 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2025AbstainedForESN
21 Jan 2026Paragraph 1 — part 1 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 71 to recital U Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AgainstAbstainedESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 78 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 76 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 34 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025ForAgainstESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 34 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstESN
21 Jan 2026Amendment 53, adding text after paragraph 8 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AbstainedForESN
18 Dec 2025Separate vote on recital H Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAbstainedForESN
18 Dec 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 9 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaForAgainstESN
18 Dec 2025Amendment 3 to paragraph 4 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAgainstForESN
22 Oct 2025Amendment 10 to paragraph 12 Polarisation and increased repression in Serbia, one year after the Novi Sad tragedyForAbstainedESN
9 Oct 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 5 Second World Summit for Social DevelopmentAgainstForESN
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP51291AgainstForESN
8 Oct 2025Amendment 139 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainAbstainedForESN
8 Oct 2025Amendment 24 Amending certain CAP regulations as regards the conditionality system, types of intervention in the form of direct payment, types of intervention in certain sectors and rural development and annual performance reports, data and interoperability governance, suspensions of payments annual performance clearance and controls and penaltiesAbstainedForESN
8 Oct 2025Amendment 21 Amending certain CAP regulations as regards the conditionality system, types of intervention in the form of direct payment, types of intervention in certain sectors and rural development and annual performance reports, data and interoperability governance, suspensions of payments annual performance clearance and controls and penaltiesAbstainedForESN
7 Oct 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Revision of the Visa Suspension MechanismAbstainedForESN
11 Sept 2025Paragraph 35 — part 2 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionAbstainedForESN
10 Sept 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of VanuatuAgainstAbstainedESN
9 Sept 2025Amendment 394 to Article 6, paragraph 1, après l'alinéa 2 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesAgainstForESN
10 Jul 2025Amendment 4, adding text after recital 2 Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 as regards obligations of economic operators concerning battery due diligence policiesAbstainedForESN
9 Jul 2025Paragraph 23 — part 4 Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2025 High-Level Political ForumAbstainedAgainstESN
9 Jul 2025Paragraph 23 — part 3 Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2025 High-Level Political ForumAbstainedAgainstESN
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole (B10-0318/2025) Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that listForAbstainedESN
9 Jul 2025Final vote on motion B10-0316/2025 Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that listForAgainstESN
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole (B10-0315/2025) Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that listForAgainstESN
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 7 — part 3 Security of energy supply in the EUAbstainedAgainstESN
8 May 2025Final vote The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter seasonAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Amendment 7, adding text before paragraph 1 2023 and 2024 reports on SerbiaAgainstForESN
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 102 — part 3 Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedForESN
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Paragraph 40 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Paragraph 33 — part 1 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceAgainstAbstainedESN
6 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023AgainstForESN
3 Apr 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 39 Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European ParliamentForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 87 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 164 to paragraph 74 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 70 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 45 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 41 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 35 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 30 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 28 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 28 — part 4 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 28 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 28 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 18 to paragraph 28 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForESN
2 Apr 2025Separate vote on paragraph 4, indent 20 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 149 to paragraph 4, indent 20 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 147 to paragraph 4, after indent 8 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 4, indent 7 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 145 to paragraph 4, indent 7 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 24 — part 2 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstESN
17 Dec 2024Final vote Forest reproductive material of the ‘tested’ categoryAbstainedForESN
28 Nov 2024Separate vote on recital N Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and RussiaForAgainstESN
27 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund to provide assistance to Germany and Italy relating to floods occurred in 2024AbstainedForESN
27 Nov 2024Separate vote on paragraph 3 Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programmeAgainstForESN
27 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programmeAbstainedAgainstESN
8 Oct 2024Final vote Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Italy, Slovenia, Austria, Greece and France further to natural disasters that occurred in 2023AgainstForESN
18 Jul 2024Request by The Left Group — Motion for adjournment of the vote Final vote Request by The Left Group – Motion for adjournment of the vote on the election of the President of the CommissionAgainstForESN
17 Jul 2024Final vote — text as a whole The need for the EU's continuous support for UkraineAbstainedAgainstESN

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Rada LAYKOVA , ESN · Bulgaria 3.2 %4 66152702786

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 5 928 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 174 of 794 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=257262&to=2026-09-26
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · Rada LAYKOVA”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=257262&to=2026-09-26 (retrieved 26 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-26,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · Rada LAYKOVA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=257262&to=2026-09-26}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=257262&to=2026-09-26},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}