Analysis
Votes against the group’s line
All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Abir AL-SAHLANI
Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?
Showing Abir AL-SAHLANI only. Show every member
Abir AL-SAHLANI’s votes against the line, 140
Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.
| Date | Vote | Position | Clear line | Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 Dec 2025 | Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 49 Implementation of the rule of law conditionality regime | For | Against | Renew |
| 16 Dec 2025 | Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 36 Relations between the EU and Saudi Arabia | For | Against | Renew |
| 16 Dec 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/003 SE/Northvolt – Sweden | Against | For | Renew |
| 16 Dec 2025 | Amendment 74, adding text after Article 1 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural products | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Amendment 16, adding text after recital F Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in Sudan | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 9 Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in Sudan | For | Against | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Amendment 1 to paragraph 87 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Paragraph 60 — part 2 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Paragraph 60 — part 1 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Final vote Harmonised requirements in the internal market on transparency of third countries interest representation | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Final vote Amending Regulations on the Internal Market Information System (IMI) and on the single digital gateway as regards certain harmonisation requirements on transparency | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 27 Nov 2025 | Amendment 1, adding text after recital D Escalating repression of the Baha’is in Iran | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 2, adding text after recital E Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and material | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 7 to paragraph 24 Protection of minors online | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 5 to paragraph 20 Protection of minors online | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 38, adding text after recital 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendments 62 + 123 (voted as one) to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 30 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 36 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 35 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 33 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 25 Nov 2025 | Paragraph 9 — part 2 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report) | Against | For | Renew |
| 25 Nov 2025 | Amendment 2 to paragraph 9 Existence of a clear risk of a serious breach by Hungary of the values on which the Union is founded | For | Against | Renew |
| 25 Nov 2025 | Decision to maintain the action Final vote Decision to maintain the action before the Court of Justice for the annulment of the decision of the Commission on the withdrawal of the Standard essential patents proposal | Against | For | Renew |
| 23 Oct 2025 | Proposal to reject the text Final vote Soil Monitoring and Resilience (Soil Monitoring Law) | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 18 Polarisation and increased repression in Serbia, one year after the Novi Sad tragedy | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 173, adding text after paragraph 79 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 178 to paragraph 79, after point l General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 177 to paragraph 79, after point l General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 102, adding text after paragraph 67 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 110, adding text after paragraph 9 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 21 Oct 2025 | Amendment 19, adding text after citation 4 Standing Forest and Forestry Expert Group | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 17 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Amendment 1 to paragraph 15 Second World Summit for Social Development | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 13 — part 2 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 10 — part 2 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 10 — part 1 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Amendment 2 to paragraph 9 Second World Summit for Social Development | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 4 — part 3 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 4 — part 2 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 1 — part 2 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 1 — part 1 Second World Summit for Social Development | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 7 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 5 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Final vote on the provisional agreement Establishment and functioning of European Works Councils - effective enforcement | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2025/001 BE/BelGaN – Belgium | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2025/002 DE/Goodyear 2 – Germany | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 8 — part 2 Draft amending budget No 2/2025: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure | Against | For | Renew |
Show all 140 votes
| Date | Vote | Position | Clear line | Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 Oct 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 5 Draft amending budget No 2/2025: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 4 Draft amending budget No 2/2025: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure | Against | For | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 7 Situation in Colombia after the wave of recent terrorist attacks | For | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 Situation in Colombia after the wave of recent terrorist attacks | For | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 6 Situation in Colombia after the wave of recent terrorist attacks | For | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 4 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 7 to paragraph 36 Implementation and streamlining of EU internal market rules to strengthen the single market | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Amendment 13 to paragraph 62 Future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy | Against | For | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Amendment 12 to paragraph 41 Future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy | Against | For | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Role of cohesion policy investment in resolving the current housing crisis | Against | For | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Amendment 1 to paragraph 49 Role of cohesion policy in supporting the just transition | Against | For | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Final vote on the provisional agreement Amending ERDF, Cohesion Fund and Just Transition Fund as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges in the context of the mid-term review | Against | For | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Proposal to vote on amendments Amending ERDF, Cohesion Fund and Just Transition Fund as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges in the context of the mid-term review | For | Against | Renew |
| 10 Sept 2025 | Final vote on the provisional agreement European Social Fund (ESF+): specific measures to address strategic challenges | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Sept 2025 | Amendment 3, adding text after recital W 2023 and 2024 reports on Ukraine | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 9 Sept 2025 | Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 45 2023 and 2024 reports on Ukraine | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 9 Sept 2025 | Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 56 Public procurement | For | Against | Renew |
| 9 Sept 2025 | Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Kyrgyz Republic Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 28 2023 and 2024 reports on Albania | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: Application EGF/2025/000 TA 2025 - Technical assistance at the initiative of the Commission | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 1/2025: entering the surplus of the financial year 2024 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 24 to paragraph 15 Clean Industrial Deal | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 7 to paragraph 22 Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy system | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 251 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Recital G — part 2 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience Facility | Against | For | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Recital E — part 2 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience Facility | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Paragraph 19 — part 4 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience Facility | Against | For | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Paragraph 19 — part 3 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience Facility | Against | For | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Final vote on the provisional agreement Macro-financial assistance to Egypt | Against | For | Renew |
| 17 Jun 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 53 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 16 Jun 2025 | Tuesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group Final vote Tuesday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 22 May 2025 | Amendment 26 to paragraph 21 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023 | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 May 2025 | Amendment 16 to paragraph 29 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal market | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 8 May 2025 | Paragraph 22 — part 2 Competition policy – annual report 2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 May 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 17 Competition policy – annual report 2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 May 2025 | Amendment 8, adding text after recital 10 The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter season | For | Against | Renew |
| 8 May 2025 | Final vote on the motion for a resolution Ninth report on economic and social cohesion | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 7 May 2025 | Amendment 35 to paragraph 142 Discharge 2023: Agencies | For | Against | Renew |
| 7 May 2025 | Amendment 24 to paragraph 131 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds | For | Against | Renew |
| 7 May 2025 | Amendment 7 to paragraph 74 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 7 May 2025 | Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 46 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds | Against | For | Renew |
| 6 May 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – Belgium | Against | For | Renew |
| 5 May 2025 | Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the Verts/ALE Group — Gaza Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the Verts/ALE Group – Gaza | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Recital Q — part 2 of 2 Targeted attacks against Christians in the Democratic Republic of the Congo – defending religious freedom and security | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 2 Energy-intensive industries | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 7 Energy-intensive industries | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 6 Energy-intensive industries | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 5 Energy-intensive industries | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 4 Energy-intensive industries | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 39 Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 4 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 88 to paragraph 69 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Paragraph 70 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 41 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 29 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 29 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 28 — part 1 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 30 to paragraph 8 — part 1 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 80, adding text after paragraph 21 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 4 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | For | Against | Renew |
| 1 Apr 2025 | Amendment 38 to recital 6 Macro-financial assistance to Egypt | For | Against | Renew |
| 1 Apr 2025 | Amendment 17 — part 2 Macro-financial assistance to Egypt | Against | For | Renew |
| 1 Apr 2025 | Amendment 8 — part 2 Macro-financial assistance to Egypt | Against | For | Renew |
| 1 Apr 2025 | Amendment 5 — part 3 Macro-financial assistance to Egypt | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 26 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 4 to paragraph 25 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 33 White paper on the future of European defence | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 55 to paragraph 20 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 53 to paragraph 15 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 14 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 28 to paragraph 25 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 23 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 31 — part 6 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 31 — part 4 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 31 — part 3 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 29 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 24 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 19 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 17 — part 3 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 7 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 5 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 32 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 11 Mar 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole European Social Fund Plus post-2027 | Against | For | Renew |
| 13 Feb 2025 | Amendment 4 to paragraph 11 Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 Case of Jean-Jacques Wondo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | For | Against | Renew |
| 20 Jan 2025 | Ordre du jour de mercredi — Demande du groupe The Left Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group | For | Against | Renew |
By member, 1
Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.
| Member | Against the line | Clear-line votes | Opposite | Abstained | Other | With own party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abir AL-SAHLANI , Renew · Sweden | 5.7 % | 2 471 | 106 | 34 | 0 | 106 |
About these figures
What was counted, what was left out, and how.
- 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
- 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
- A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
- Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
- Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
- Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
- Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
- Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
Sources & citation
Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.
- Permalink
- https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197400&to=2025-12-31
- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Data version
- data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
- Retrieved
- 29 September 2026
Cite as
EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Abir AL-SAHLANI”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197400&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Abir AL-SAHLANI}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197400&to=2025-12-31}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197400&to=2025-12-31},
urldate = {2026-09-29},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}