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Member · Former member

Sebastiaan STÖTELER

Patriots · Netherlands · left on 11 November 2025

Group
Patriots PfE
Country
Netherlands
Roll-call participation
80.8 %ⓘ of 2 682 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
79.7 %ⓘ of 2 161 votes where the group had a line · Patriots median 82.7 %
More facts (4)
National party
PVV Partij voor de Vrijheid
In office
16 Jul 2024 – 11 Nov 2025 (left on 11 November 2025)
Against clear line
230 of 1 691 votesⓘ
Member id
256991
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

80.8 %

2 168 of 2 682 roll calls while in office

Patriots median: 91.1 % (−10.3 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

79.7 %

1 723 of 2 161 votes where their group had a line

Patriots median: 82.7 % (−2.9 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

13.6 %

230 of 1 691 votes where their group had a clear line

88 opposite (for ↔ against), 120 abstained against the line, 22 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

12.2 %

264 of 2 168 votes cast

Participation 80.8 % — Patriots median 91.1 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Sebastiaan STÖTELER80.8 %
Patriots median91.1 %
Lowest in the group44.5 %
Highest in the group99.9 %
Members89
With majority line 79.7 % — Patriots median 82.7 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Sebastiaan STÖTELER79.7 %
Patriots median82.7 %
Lowest in the group72.5 %
Highest in the group92.9 %
Members89
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of Patriots; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 2 682

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Dec 2024Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2023 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 12 306 for, 320 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2023 Amendment 4 to paragraph 12 131 for, 507 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Dec 2024Forest reproductive material of the ‘tested’ category Final votePassed 499 for, 131 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/002 BE/Limburg machinery and paper – Belgium Final vote — text as a wholePassed 599 for, 50 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Dec 2024Regional Emergency Support: RESTORE Final votePassed 638 for, 10 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Dec 2024Specific measures under the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) for Member States affected by natural disasters Final votePassed 644 for, 6 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 546 for, 97 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Paragraph 2 — part 2 184 for, 245 against, 50 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Paragraph 2 — part 1 222 for, 204 against, 23 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Final vote — text as a wholeRejected 152 for, 378 against, 26 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Recital R — part 2 409 for, 142 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Separate vote on recital P 407 for, 110 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 12, adding text after recital H 263 for, 277 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 19 to paragraph 12 268 for, 270 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 18 to paragraph 7 191 for, 369 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Paragraph 6 — part 2 194 for, 348 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Paragraph 6 — part 1 368 for, 133 against, 64 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 21 to paragraph 6 158 for, 403 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 17 to paragraph 6 253 for, 298 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 16 to paragraph 5 — part 2 149 for, 403 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 16 to paragraph 5 — part 1 286 for, 280 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 4 291 for, 259 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 15 to paragraph 4 289 for, 266 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 10 to paragraph 2 350 for, 222 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 1 171 for, 396 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 1 241 for, 297 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 390 for, 135 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 2, adding text after recital T 97 for, 456 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 1, adding text after recital T 166 for, 382 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Separate vote on recital N 412 for, 80 against, 97 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 19 71 for, 490 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 19 171 for, 404 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 19 — part 4 377 for, 161 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 19 — part 3 370 for, 170 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 19 — part 2 383 for, 128 against, 78 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 19 — part 1 371 for, 156 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 17 — part 2 464 for, 74 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 16 — part 2 419 for, 138 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 12 to paragraph 14 435 for, 121 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 13 158 for, 390 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 13 — part 5 354 for, 178 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 13 — part 4 462 for, 92 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 13 — part 3 304 for, 229 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 13 — part 2 380 for, 160 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 13 — part 1 415 for, 98 against, 85 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 11 82 for, 435 against, 57 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 5 115 for, 439 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 5 — part 2 323 for, 184 against, 95 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Paragraph 4 — part 2 443 for, 73 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 4 135 for, 412 against, 58 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 11 of 64 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Patriots

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marieke EHLERS PatriotsNetherlands98 % of 2 146 shared74 %
Rachel BLOM PatriotsNetherlands98 % of 2 159 shared74 %
Ton DIEPEVEEN PatriotsNetherlands98 % of 1 845 shared74 %
Auke ZIJLSTRA PatriotsNetherlands98 % of 2 004 shared74 %
Sebastian KRUIS PatriotsNetherlands97 % of 2 091 shared74 %
Vilis KRIŠTOPANS PatriotsLatvia84 % of 1 970 shared74 %
Tom VANDENDRIESSCHE PatriotsBelgium81 % of 2 157 shared74 %
Gerolf ANNEMANS PatriotsBelgium81 % of 1 873 shared74 %
Barbara BONTE PatriotsBelgium81 % of 2 063 shared74 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal79 % of 2 024 shared74 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Volker SCHNURRBUSCH changed group ESNGermany77 % of 1 014 shared65 %
Guillaume PELTIER ECRFrance76 % of 1 599 shared68 %
Marion MARÉCHAL ECRFrance76 % of 1 624 shared68 %
Laurence TROCHU ECRFrance76 % of 2 055 shared68 %
Sarah KNAFO ESNFrance76 % of 1 777 shared70 %
Nicolas BAY ECRFrance76 % of 1 959 shared68 %
Siegbert Frank DROESE ESNGermany73 % of 1 736 shared70 %
Markus BUCHHEIT ESNGermany73 % of 1 828 shared70 %
Hans NEUHOFF ESNGermany73 % of 1 718 shared70 %
Marc JONGEN ESNGermany73 % of 1 940 shared70 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

17 contributions recorded; 9 on behalf of their group; 28 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2025Situation in the Middle East (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
18 Jun 2025Case of Ahmadreza Jalali in Iran Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2025Situation in the Middle East (joint debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
1 Apr 2025Dramatic situation in Gaza and the need for an immediate return to the full implementation of the ceasefire and hostage release agreement (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2025Deteriorating situation in Gaza following the non-extension of the ceasefire (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 1 minRead
12 Feb 2025Recent dismissals and arrests of mayors in Türkiye Speech · 1 minRead
12 Feb 2025Commission Work Programme 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
12 Feb 2025Commission Work Programme 2025 (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
10 Feb 2025European Central Bank – annual report 2024 (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
10 Feb 2025Situation in Sweden in the midst of the recent mass shooting in Örebro (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2025Ceasefire in Gaza - the urgent need to release the hostages, to end the humanitarian crisis in Gaza and to pave the way for a two-state solution (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
27 Nov 2024The increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran Speech · 2 minRead
22 Oct 2024Urgent need for a ceasefire in Lebanon and for safeguarding the UNIFIL mission in light of the recent attacks (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2024Escalation of violence in the Middle East and the situation in Lebanon (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
7 Oct 2024One year after the 7 October terrorist attacks by Hamas (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
17 Sept 2024War in the Gaza Strip and the situation in the Middle-East (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 3 minRead
16 Sept 2024Persistent problems of anti-Semitism in Europe and of other forms of hate speech and hate crimes (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead

Questions and motions, 23

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
12 Sept 2025MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2025-0400Motion for a resolutionwith 84 co-authors—
8 Sept 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine, the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution B-10-2025-0381Motion for a resolutionwith 4 co-authors—
8 Jul 2025Definition of ‘misinformation’ and ‘disinformation’, ‘lying’ and ‘misleading information’ in primary and secondary Union law E-10-2025-002768Written questionwith 5 co-authors3 Sept 2025
16 Jun 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION The case of Ahmadreza Jalali B-10-2025-0286Motion for a resolutionwith 6 co-authors—
21 May 2025European Court of Auditors’ Special Report 11/2025: consequences of unduly paying grants to organisations wrongly categorised as NGOs E-10-2025-002046Written questionwith 5 co-authors8 Jul 2025
21 May 2025Update of the Commission’s 2020 study projecting the net fiscal impact of immigration in the EU E-10-2025-002052Written questionwith 5 co-authors19 Sept 2025
6 May 2025Follow-up question on substantive pledges and cabinet positions promised by the Commission to the European Greens E-10-2025-001815Written questionwith 5 co-authors24 Oct 2025
6 May 2025European Court of Auditors’ Special Report 11/2025: poor classification and registration of grant applicants E-10-2025-001816Written questionwith 5 co-authors26 Jun 2025
1 Apr 2025Addressing medicine shortages by reassessing the revised Urban Wastewater Directive E-10-2025-001335Written questionwith 1 co-author27 Jun 2025
12 Mar 2025German resettlement programmes for Afghans E-10-2025-001076Written questionwith 5 co-authors3 Jun 2025

Show all 23 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 27

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
20 Oct 2025Drones and new systems of warfare – the EU‘s need to adapt to be fit for today‘s security challenges SEDE-AM-779279 SEDE15
1 Oct 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025 AFET-AM-778128 AFET6
1 Oct 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025 AFET-AM-778129 AFET5
3 Sept 2025EU-US political relations AFET-AM-776839 AFET20
27 Jun 2025Amending Regulations (EU) 2021/694, (EU) 2021/695, (EU) 2021/697, (EU) 2021/1153, (EU) 2023/1525 and 2024/795, as regards incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe Plan SEDE-AM-775439 SEDE5
26 May 2025Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement CJ38-AM-774277 CJ3810
26 May 2025Amending Regulations (EU) 2021/1058 and (EU) 2021/1056 as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges in the context of the mid-term review SEDE-AM-773380 SEDE3
28 Mar 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) CJ55-AM-771973 CJ5517
28 Mar 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) CJ55-AM-771936 CJ553
28 Mar 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) CJ55-AM-771937 CJ553

Show all 27 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Sebastiaan STÖTELER”. Member record. memberId 256991. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256991?page=46&speeches=all&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256991. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256991?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256991,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Sebastiaan STÖTELER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256991?page=46&speeches=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256991?page=46&speeches=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256991. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256991. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}