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Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · Leire PAJÍN

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Leire PAJÍN only. Show every member

Leire PAJÍN’s votes against the line, 131

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
17 Sept 2026Amendment 13 to recital C — part 2 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 13 to recital C — part 1 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 22 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 2 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 1 Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officersAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 5 to paragraph 4 Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-upForAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-upForAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 29 An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sectorAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Sept 2026Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 1 An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sectorAbstainedAgainstS&D
15 Sept 2026Separate vote on recital AU Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldAgainstForS&D
7 Jul 2026Amendment 3 to recital D Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European Union: extending its term of office and adjusting its responsibilitiesAbstainedAgainstS&D
7 Jul 2026Amendment 4 to paragraph 2, point c Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European Union: extending its term of office and adjusting its responsibilitiesAbstainedAgainstS&D
18 Jun 2026Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina FasoAbstainedAgainstS&D
17 Jun 2026Amendment 5 to paragraph 46 2025 Commission report on TürkiyeForAgainstS&D
17 Jun 2026Amendment 1 to recital 34 Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAgainstForS&D
17 Jun 2026Amendments 15 + 16 + 24 + 36 (voted as one), adding text after Article 37 Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAgainstForS&D
17 Jun 2026Amendment 9 to Article 27, paragraph 1, point c Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAgainstForS&D
17 Jun 2026Amendment 8 to Article 9, paragraph 1, subparagraph 2, after point d Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAgainstForS&D
17 Jun 2026Amendment 6 to Article 6, paragraph 3, after point d Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feedAgainstForS&D
16 Jun 2026Paragraph 15 — part 2 Reinforcing development cooperation to address irregular population movements and their root causes in partner countriesAbstainedForS&D
20 May 2026Amendment 34 to paragraph 1, point ad Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General AssemblyAgainstForS&D
29 Apr 2026Final vote — text as a whole The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law reportAbstainedForS&D
29 Apr 2026Paragraph 67 — part 1 Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025AgainstForS&D
29 Apr 2026Amendment 56, adding text after paragraph 59 Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025ForAgainstS&D
28 Apr 2026Amendment 53, adding text after paragraph 50 Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section IIIForAgainstS&D
28 Apr 2026Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 48 Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section IIIForAgainstS&D
28 Apr 2026Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 43 Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section IIIForAgainstS&D
28 Apr 2026Amendment 34 to paragraph 71 Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034ForAgainstS&D
28 Apr 2026Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 47 Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034ForAgainstS&D
26 Mar 2026Amendment 32, adding text after recital 4 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstAbstainedS&D
26 Mar 2026Amendment 36, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstForS&D
26 Mar 2026Amendment 34, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstForS&D
26 Mar 2026Amendment 30, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 1 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstForS&D
11 Mar 2026Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 16 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026AgainstAbstainedS&D
11 Mar 2026Amendment 2, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 2 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstForS&D
11 Mar 2026Amendment 2, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 1 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstForS&D
11 Mar 2026Amendment 5, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstAbstainedS&D
11 Mar 2026Amendment 1, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of applicationAgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 4 The upcoming European Research Area (ERA) ActAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Final vote — text as a whole Copyright and generative artificial intelligence – opportunities and challengesAgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Final vote — text as a whole Public access to documents - report 2022 - 2024AgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 23, adding text after recital S Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Recital O — part 2 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 62 to recital O Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 54 to paragraph 55 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 86, adding text after paragraph 48 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 85, adding text after paragraph 48 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 49 to paragraph 43 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 84 to paragraph 43 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 41 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
Show all 131 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
10 Mar 2026Paragraph 41 — part 6 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 82 to paragraph 40 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 44, adding text after paragraph 39 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 43 to paragraph 39 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 81 to paragraph 39 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 37 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 29 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 29 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 79, adding text after paragraph 28 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Separate vote on paragraph 28 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 32 to paragraph 28 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 78, adding text after paragraph 27 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 77, adding text after paragraph 27 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 76, adding text after paragraph 26 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 75, adding text after paragraph 25 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Paragraph 23 — part 3 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 30 to paragraph 23 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Paragraph 22 — part 4 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 28 to paragraph 22 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 74, adding text after paragraph 20 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Paragraph 16 — part 2 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 27 to paragraph 16 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 69 to paragraph 14 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Paragraph 11 — part 7 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAgainstForS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 66, adding text after paragraph 3 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Mar 2026Amendment 65, adding text after paragraph 3 Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housingForAgainstS&D
22 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in LithuaniaAbstainedForS&D
21 Jan 2026Amendment 7 to paragraph 14 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2025ForAgainstS&D
21 Jan 2026Amendment 41 to paragraph 91 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025ForAgainstS&D
21 Jan 2026Amendment 82 to paragraph 77 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AbstainedAgainstS&D
21 Jan 2026Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 41 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025ForAgainstS&D
20 Jan 2026Amendment 4, adding text after recital Ea Murder of Mehdi Kessaci – urgent need for ambitious European action against drug traffickingForAgainstS&D
20 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole Reform of the European Electoral Act – hurdles to ratification and implementation in the Member StatesAgainstForS&D
20 Jan 2026Separate vote on recital G Reform of the European Electoral Act – hurdles to ratification and implementation in the Member StatesAbstainedForS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 9 Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAbstainedS&D
26 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1818 as regards the definition of prohibited weaponsForAbstainedS&D
13 Nov 2025Amendment 363 to Article 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstS&D
13 Nov 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 4 Addressing transnational repression of human rights defendersAbstainedAgainstS&D
22 Oct 2025Amendment 104 to paragraph 58 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstS&D
22 Oct 2025Amendment 56, adding text after paragraph 48 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstS&D
22 Oct 2025Amendment 396 Draft general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstS&D
22 Oct 2025Amendment 667 Draft general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAgainstForS&D
22 Oct 2025Amendment 363 Draft general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstS&D
8 Oct 2025Separate vote on Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainAgainstForS&D
8 Oct 2025Amendments 81 + 86 (voted as one) to Annex I Amending certain CAP regulations as regards the conditionality system, types of intervention in the form of direct payment, types of intervention in certain sectors and rural development and annual performance reports, data and interoperability governance, suspensions of payments annual performance clearance and controls and penaltiesAgainstForS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 54, adding text after paragraph 26 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionAbstainedAgainstS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionAbstainedAgainstS&D
10 Sept 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 13 Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian hybrid threats and malign interferenceAgainstAbstainedS&D
10 Sept 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement European Social Fund (ESF+): specific measures to address strategic challengesAgainstForS&D
19 Jun 2025Amendment 251 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceabilityAbstainedAgainstS&D
18 Jun 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 4 2023 and 2024 reports on MoldovaForAgainstS&D
17 Jun 2025Amendment 186 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast)AbstainedAgainstS&D
16 Jun 2025Tuesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group Final vote Tuesday’s agenda – Request by The Left GroupAbstainedAgainstS&D
8 May 2025Amendment 8, adding text after recital 10 The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter seasonAbstainedAgainstS&D
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole 2023 and 2024 reports on KosovoAbstainedForS&D
7 May 2025Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 23 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeForAgainstS&D
5 May 2025Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the Renew Group — TikTok Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the Renew Group – TikTokForAbstainedS&D
3 Apr 2025Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 1 Energy-intensive industriesAbstainedForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 53 to paragraph 76 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 29 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 14 to paragraph 1 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 20 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 36 to Article 4, paragraph 3, subparagraph 1, point a Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstForS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 35 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstAbstainedS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 32 to Article 3, paragraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstForS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 47 to Article 3, paragraph 1 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstForS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 19 to Article 2, paragraph 1 — part 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptForAgainstS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 30 to Article 1, paragraph 3, subparagraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 23 to paragraph 12 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAbstainedAgainstS&D
13 Feb 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 11 Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the CongoForAbstainedS&D
11 Feb 2025Amendment 6 to paragraph 28 European Central Bank – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstS&D
26 Nov 2024Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 Genetically modified maize DP915635AgainstAbstainedS&D
14 Nov 2024Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 2 EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against RussiaAbstainedAgainstS&D
13 Nov 2024Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the Renew and PPE groups Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the Renew and PPE groupsForAgainstS&D
23 Oct 2024Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 64 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sectionsForAgainstS&D
23 Oct 2024Amendment 58, adding text after paragraph 15 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sectionsForAgainstS&D
23 Oct 2024Amendment 693 Draft general budget of the European Union for 2025 – all sectionsAbstainedForS&D
19 Sept 2024Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 Situation in VenezuelaAgainstForS&D
19 Sept 2024Amendment 1 to recital H — part 2 Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member StatesForAgainstS&D
17 Jul 2024Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 8 The need for the EU's continuous support for UkraineForAgainstS&D

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Leire PAJÍN , S&D · Spain 2.4 %5 38975461084

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 5 928 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 174 of 794 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256993&to=2026-09-25
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · Leire PAJÍN”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256993&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · Leire PAJÍN}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256993&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256993&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}