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Votes against the group’s line

Final votes · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · Sebastian TYNKKYNEN

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Sebastian TYNKKYNEN only. Show every member

Sebastian TYNKKYNEN’s votes against the line, 149

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
17 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-upAgainstForECR
17 Sept 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution The role of social, economic and environmental standards in safeguarding fair competition for all aquatic food products and improving food securityAgainstForECR
17 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sectorAgainstForECR
16 Sept 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize MON 87460AgainstForECR
16 Sept 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified soybean MON 94313AgainstForECR
16 Sept 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified soybean GMB151 x DAS-44406-6AgainstForECR
16 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructureAbstainedForECR
16 Sept 2026Final vote Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034AgainstAbstainedECR
15 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027AgainstAbstainedECR
15 Sept 2026Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditureAgainstAbstainedECR
15 Sept 2026Final vote Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation FundAgainstAbstainedECR
8 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP202216 x NK603 x DAS-40278-9 and its sub-combinations DP 202216 x NK603, DP202216 x DAS-40278-9AgainstForECR
8 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25AgainstForECR
8 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified soybean MON 87705AgainstForECR
8 Jul 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Morocco Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting out the terms and conditions for the participation of Morocco in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA): amendment and supplementAgainstForECR
8 Jul 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision Protection of the environment through criminal lawForAbstainedECR
7 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole Financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2025AgainstForECR
7 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Romania, Cyprus and Spain with regard to natural disasters in 2025AgainstForECR
7 Jul 2026Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 1/2026: entering the surplus of the financial year 2025AgainstForECR
7 Jul 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: Application EGF/2026/000 TA 2026 - Technical assistance at the initiative of the CommissionAgainstForECR
18 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicinesAgainstForECR
17 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on Bosnia and HerzegovinaAbstainedForECR
17 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on North MacedoniaAgainstAbstainedECR
17 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on AlbaniaAgainstForECR
17 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole 2025 Commission report on MontenegroAbstainedForECR
17 Jun 2026Final vote General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related productsAgainstForECR
16 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole Countering transnational repression – towards an EU strategy to protect Europe’s sovereignty and democratic valuesAgainstAbstainedECR
16 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities fundedAgainstAbstainedECR
16 Jun 2026Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium – EGF/2025/009 BE/SoliverAgainstForECR
16 Jun 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision Measures necessary for the implementation of the Protocol, annexed to the TEU and to the TFEU, on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and on the Research Fund for Coal and SteelAbstainedForECR
19 May 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision Research Fund for Coal and Steel: research programme and multiannual technical and financial guidelinesAbstainedForECR
19 May 2026Final vote on the provisional agreement Screening of foreign investments in the UnionAgainstForECR
29 Apr 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified soybean MON 94637AgainstForECR
29 Apr 2026Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/008 BE/Liberty - BelgiumAgainstForECR
29 Apr 2026Final vote European Chemicals Agency and amending regulationsAgainstForECR
29 Apr 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Discharge 2024: Joint UndertakingsAgainstForECR
28 Apr 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Enhancing connectivity, preserving cultural heritage and driving local excellence in European tourism – destination management and regional tourism growthAgainstAbstainedECR
28 Apr 2026Final vote — text as a whole The role of ocean diplomacy for the competitiveness of EU fisheries and aquacultureAgainstForECR
28 Apr 2026Final vote — text as a whole Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2024AbstainedForECR
28 Apr 2026Final vote on the provisional agreement European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: workers affected by imminent job displacementAgainstForECR
26 Mar 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/007 BE/Casa - BelgiumAgainstForECR
26 Mar 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/005 AT/KTM - AustriaAgainstForECR
26 Mar 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Lebanon Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting, participation of Lebanon in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA)AgainstForECR
12 Mar 2026Final vote on the provisional agreement Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspectsAbstainedForECR
11 Mar 2026Final vote — text as a whole Recommendation on enhanced EU-Canada cooperation in the current geopolitical context, including the threats to Canada’s economic stability and sovereigntyAgainstForECR
11 Mar 2026Final vote — text as a whole Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectorsAgainstAbstainedECR
11 Mar 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/004 BE/Tupperware – BelgiumAgainstForECR
11 Mar 2026Final vote on the draft Council decision Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of LawAgainstAbstainedECR
10 Mar 2026Final vote — text as a whole Fisheries management approaches for safeguarding sensitive species, tackling invasive species and benefiting local economiesAgainstForECR
10 Mar 2026Final vote on the provisional agreement Harmonising certain aspects of insolvency lawAgainstForECR
Show all 149 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
12 Feb 2026Final vote — text as a whole Situation in Northeast Syria, the violence against civilians and the need to maintain a sustainable ceasefireAgainstAbstainedECR
12 Feb 2026Final vote — text as a whole Post-election situation in Uganda and threats against opposition leader Bobi WineAgainstForECR
11 Feb 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified cotton T304-40AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified cotton GHB614 × LLCotton25AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize T25 (ACS-ZMØØ3-2)AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified soybean DBN-09004-6AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2026Final vote — text as a whole EU strategic defence and security partnershipsAbstainedForECR
11 Feb 2026Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2025/006 BE/Audi – BelgiumAgainstForECR
10 Feb 2026Final vote on the provisional agreement Amending the Measuring Instruments DirectiveAgainstForECR
10 Feb 2026Final vote on the provisional agreement Amending regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine productsAgainstForECR
21 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
21 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
21 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
21 Jan 2026Amendments 1 + 243 (voted as one) Final vote Air passenger rightsAgainstForECR
20 Jan 2026Final vote on the motion for a resolution Safeguarding and promoting financial stability amid economic uncertaintiesAbstainedForECR
20 Jan 2026Final vote — text as a whole The 28th Regime: a new legal framework for innovative companiesAgainstForECR
20 Jan 2026Final vote Framework for strengthening the availability and security of supply of critical medicinal products as well as the availability of, and accessibility of, medicinal products of common interestAgainstAbstainedECR
17 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole European Defence Readiness 2030: assessment of needsForAbstainedECR
17 Dec 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision EU/Jordan Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation: terms and conditions for the participation of Jordan in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA)AgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified sugar beet KWS20-1AgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize NK603AgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole Relations between the EU and Saudi ArabiaAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/003 SE/Northvolt – SwedenAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote Providing macro-financial assistance to JordanAgainstForECR
26 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole EU’s diplomatic strategy and geopolitical cooperation in the ArcticAbstainedForECR
26 Nov 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Increasing the efficiency of the EU guarantee under the InvestEU Regulation and simplifying reporting requirementsAgainstForECR
26 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 3/2025: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updatesAbstainedForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize MON 87427AgainstForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified soybean MON 87708AgainstForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified cotton MON 88913AgainstForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified oilseed rape MON 88302AgainstForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize DAS1131AgainstForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Impact of artificial intelligence on the financial sectorAgainstForECR
25 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Ensuring faster registration and uptake of biological control agentsAbstainedForECR
13 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Spain and France in relation to natural disasters in 2024 and 2025AgainstForECR
9 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Situation in Afghanistan: supporting women and communities affected by the recent earthquakesAbstainedForECR
9 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024AgainstForECR
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP51291AgainstForECR
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2025/001 BE/BelGaN – BelgiumAgainstForECR
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2025/002 DE/Goodyear 2 – GermanyAgainstForECR
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 2/2025: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditureAgainstForECR
8 Oct 2025Final vote Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member StatesAgainstAbstainedECR
7 Oct 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Inland waterway transport: River Information Systems (RIS)AgainstForECR
10 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Future of the EU biotechnology and biomanufacturing sector: leveraging research, boosting innovation and enhancing competitivenessAgainstForECR
10 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Urgent need to protect religious minorities in Syria following the recent terrorist attack on Mar Elias Church in DamascusAbstainedForECR
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: Application EGF/2025/000 TA 2025 - Technical assistance at the initiative of the CommissionAgainstForECR
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Austria, Poland, Czechia, Slovakia and Moldova relating to floods that occurred in September 2024 and Bosnia and Herzegovina relating to floods that occurred in October 2024AgainstForECR
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 1/2025: entering the surplus of the financial year 2024AgainstForECR
8 Jul 2025Final vote Bulgaria’s adoption of the euro on 1 January 2026AgainstForECR
19 Jun 2025Final vote Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceabilityAgainstAbstainedECR
18 Jun 2025Final vote EU/Euratom Agreement on the interpretation and application of the Energy Charter Treaty: adoption by EuratomAbstainedForECR
18 Jun 2025Final vote Adoption by the Union of the Agreement on the interpretation and application of the Energy Charter TreatyAbstainedForECR
18 Jun 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForECR
17 Jun 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Strengthening rural areas in the EU through cohesion policyAgainstForECR
17 Jun 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Termination of the Voluntary Partnership Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Cameroon on forest law enforcement governance and trade in timber and derived products to the Union.AgainstForECR
17 Jun 2025Final vote Amending Regulation (EU) No 228/2013 as regards additional assistance and further flexibility to outermost regions affected by severe natural disasters and in the context of cyclone Chido devastating MayotteAgainstForECR
22 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023AgainstForECR
8 May 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified soybean MON 87705 × MON 87708 × MON 89788AgainstForECR
8 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Banking Union – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
8 May 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Ninth report on economic and social cohesionAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeForAbstainedECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: Joint UndertakingsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: AgenciesAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeForAgainstECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Data Protection SupervisorAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of Justice of the European UnionAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European ParliamentAbstainedForECR
6 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023AgainstForECR
6 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – BelgiumAgainstForECR
6 May 2025A10–0064/2025 — Adam Jarubas — Consent procedure Final vote Amendments to the International Health Regulations contained in the Annex to Resolution WHA77.17 and adopted on 1 June 2024AgainstForECR
3 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European ParliamentAgainstForECR
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) (Resolution)AbstainedForECR
2 Apr 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029)AbstainedForECR
1 Apr 2025Final vote Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstForECR
1 Apr 2025Final vote Macro-financial assistance to JordanAgainstForECR
1 Apr 2025Final vote Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals AgencyAgainstAbstainedECR
11 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework ProgrammeAgainstForECR
11 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole European Social Fund Plus post-2027AgainstAbstainedECR
12 Feb 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize MON 95275AgainstForECR
12 Feb 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP910521AgainstForECR
17 Dec 2024Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/002 BE/Limburg machinery and paper – BelgiumAgainstForECR
17 Dec 2024Final vote Regional Emergency Support: RESTOREAgainstForECR
17 Dec 2024Final vote Specific measures under the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) for Member States affected by natural disastersAgainstForECR
27 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund to provide assistance to Germany and Italy relating to floods occurred in 2024AgainstForECR
27 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Draft amending budget No 5/2024: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updatesAgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize MON 94804AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP202216AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP23211AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP915635AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified maize MON 810AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinationsAgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified cotton COT102AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2024Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603AgainstForECR
24 Oct 2024Final vote — text as a whole Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with ArmeniaForAbstainedECR
22 Oct 2024Final vote — text as a whole 2022 discharge: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAgainstAbstainedECR
22 Oct 2024Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/001 BE/Match-SmatchAgainstForECR

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 100 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Sebastian TYNKKYNEN , ECR · Finland 35.3 %42210121270

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 620 votes considered (final votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 174 of 794 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 100 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256806&scope=final&to=2026-09-25
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — Final votes · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · Sebastian TYNKKYNEN”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256806&scope=final&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — Final votes · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · Sebastian TYNKKYNEN}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256806&scope=final&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?mep=256806&scope=final&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}