Decision
Rule of law and human rights situation in Tunisia, particularly the case of Sonia Dahmani
- Effect
- Adopted
- Result
- 464 for · 58 against · 75 abstained roll call
- Date
- 27 November 2025, 12:05–12:06
- Kind
- Resolution
More facts (9)
- Margin
- by a large majority
- Dossier
- 2025/2988(RSP)
- Source
- Motion for a resolution
- Topics
- Foreign affairs Assigned by a model, not checked by hand.
- Votes
- 12 votes · 4 roll calls · 1 amendment
- Requested by
- Renew (1 roll call) · ECR (1 roll call) · Patriots (1 roll call)
- Sitting
- Thursday 27 November 2025
- Final vote
- 182293
Result
The final vote and what it means for this kind of decision.
Final vote: 464 for, 58 against, 75 abstained (roll call).
Adopted by a large majority.
Parliament adopted the text as its official position.
Before the final vote, MEPs decided on 1 amendment (1 rejected) and 2 parts of the text voted on separately (2 adopted). 8 alternative motions lapsed once the text was adopted.
Backed by The Left, Greens, S&D, Renew and EPP; opposed by Patriots and ESN; ECR mostly abstained.
Groups
| Group | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Majority line | Clear line | Cohesion | Bar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Left | For 37 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 9 of 46 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| Greens | For 50 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 3 of 53 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| S&D | For 114 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 22 of 136 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| Renew | For 63 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 12 of 75 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| EPP | For 147 | Against 0 | Abst. 7 | No vote 34 of 188 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.93 | |
| ECR | For 24 | Against 2 | Abst. 38 | No vote 15 of 79 | Majority line Abstained | Clear line Divided | Cohesion 0.39 | |
| Patriots | For 13 | Against 39 | Abst. 16 | No vote 17 of 85 | Majority line Against | Clear line Divided | Cohesion 0.36 | |
| ESN | For 2 | Against 16 | Abst. 3 | No vote 6 of 27 | Majority line Against | Clear line Against | Cohesion 0.64 | |
| No group | For 14 | Against 1 | Abst. 11 | No vote 4 of 30 | Majority line — | Clear line No line | Cohesion — |
Members who changed group are counted in the group of the day: Branko GRIMS changed group, Elena YONCHEVA changed group, Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group, Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group, Jessika VAN LEEUWEN changed group, Laurent CASTILLO changed group, Lukas SIEPER changed group, Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group, Nikolas FARANTOURIS changed group, Pina PICIERNO changed group, Roberto VANNACCI changed group, Sander SMIT changed group, Taner KABILOV changed group.
Voted against their group, 12
Members who voted otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds of the votes cast, at least 10 members voting) of the group they sat in that day. A group without a clear line is divided and not counted.
EPP line For · 7 abstained of 154 who voted
Abstained (7)
- Caterina CHINNICI Italy
- Flavio TOSI Italy
- Fulvio MARTUSCIELLO Italy
- Giusi PRINCI Italy
- Herbert DORFMANN Italy
- Massimiliano SALINI Italy
- Salvatore DE MEO Italy
ESN line Against · 2 voted for, 3 abstained of 21 who voted
Voted for (2)
- Petras GRAŽULIS Lithuania
- Volker SCHNURRBUSCH Germany
Abstained (3)
- Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK Poland
- Ivan DAVID Czechia
- Marcin SYPNIEWSKI Poland
Countries
The final vote by national delegation.
Votes by country (27 delegations)
| Country | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Cohesion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 12 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0.50 |
| Belgium | 13 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0.65 |
| Bulgaria | 12 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0.70 |
| Cyprus | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | — |
| Czechia | 13 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0.47 |
| Germany | 68 | 11 | 1 | 16 | 0.78 |
| Denmark | 13 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.89 |
| Estonia | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Spain | 44 | 0 | 3 | 13 | 0.90 |
| Finland | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.00 |
| France | 38 | 31 | 2 | 10 | 0.30 |
| Greece | 14 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0.67 |
| Croatia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 4 | — |
| Hungary | 5 | 1 | 1 | 14 | — |
| Ireland | 11 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 |
| Italy | 29 | 0 | 28 | 19 | 0.26 |
| Lithuania | 9 | 0 | 0 | 2 | — |
| Luxembourg | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Latvia | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — |
| Malta | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Netherlands | 21 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 0.67 |
| Poland | 44 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0.82 |
| Portugal | 16 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0.91 |
| Romania | 25 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0.71 |
| Sweden | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 |
| Slovenia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Slovakia | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0.19 |
Members
Each member’s recorded position on the final roll call, in the group they sat in that day. Filter by country, group, position or name.
597 members with a recorded position.
| Member | Country | Group | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abir AL-SAHLANI | Sweden | Renew | For |
| Adam BIELAN | Poland | ECR | Abstained |
| Adina VĂLEAN | Romania | EPP | For |
| Adnan DIBRANI | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Adrián VÁZQUEZ LÁZARA | Spain | EPP | For |
| Adrian-George AXINIA | Romania | ECR | For |
| Afroditi LATINOPOULOU | Greece | Patriots | Abstained |
| Aleksandar NIKOLIC | France | Patriots | Against |
| Alessandra MORETTI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Alessandro CIRIANI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Alessandro ZAN | Italy | S&D | For |
| Alex AGIUS SALIBA | Malta | S&D | For |
| Alexander JUNGBLUTH | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Alexander SELL | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Alexandr VONDRA | Czechia | ECR | Abstained |
| Alexandra GEESE | Germany | Greens | For |
| Alexandre VARAUT | France | Patriots | Against |
| Alice KUHNKE | Sweden | Greens | For |
| Alice TEODORESCU MÅWE | Sweden | EPP | For |
| Alicia HOMS GINEL | Spain | S&D | For |
| Alvise PÉREZ | Spain | No group | Abstained |
| Ana Catarina MENDES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Ana Miguel PEDRO | Portugal | EPP | For |
| Ana VASCONCELOS | Portugal | Renew | For |
| Anders VISTISEN | Denmark | Patriots | Abstained |
| Andi CRISTEA | Romania | S&D | For |
| András Tivadar KULJA | Hungary | EPP | For |
| André FRANQUEIRA RODRIGUES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| André ROUGÉ | France | Patriots | Against |
| Andrea WECHSLER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Andreas GLÜCK | Germany | Renew | For |
| Andreas SCHIEDER | Austria | S&D | For |
| Andreas SCHWAB | Germany | EPP | For |
| Andrey KOVATCHEV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Andrey NOVAKOV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Andrzej BUŁA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Andrzej HALICKI | Poland | EPP | For |
| Angelika NIEBLER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Angelika WINZIG | Austria | EPP | For |
| Angéline FURET | France | Patriots | Against |
| Anna BRYŁKA | Poland | Patriots | Abstained |
| Anna CAVAZZINI | Germany | Greens | For |
| Anna Maria CISINT | Italy | Patriots | Abstained |
| Anna STROLENBERG | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Anna STÜRGKH | Austria | Renew | For |
| Anna ZALEWSKA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON | Finland | Renew | For |
| Annalisa CORRADO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Anne-Sophie FRIGOUT | France | Patriots | Against |
| Anthony SMITH | France | The Left | For |
| Antonella SBERNA | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Antonín STANĚK | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE | Spain | EPP | For |
| António TÂNGER CORRÊA | Portugal | Patriots | Abstained |
| Arba KOKALARI | Sweden | EPP | For |
| Arkadiusz MULARCZYK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Arno BAUSEMER | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Asger CHRISTENSEN | Denmark | Renew | For |
| Auke ZIJLSTRA | Netherlands | Patriots | Against |
| Aurore LALUCQ | France | S&D | For |
| Barbara BONTE | Belgium | Patriots | Against |
| Barry ANDREWS | Ireland | Renew | For |
| Bart GROOTHUIS | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Bartłomiej SIENKIEWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Bartosz ARŁUKOWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Bas EICKHOUT | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Beata SZYDŁO | Poland | ECR | For |
| Beatrice TIMGREN | Sweden | ECR | For |
| Benedetta SCUDERI | Italy | Greens | For |
| Benoit CASSART | Belgium | Renew | For |
| Bernard GUETTA | France | Renew | For |
| Bernd LANGE | Germany | S&D | For |
| Bert-Jan RUISSEN | Netherlands | ECR | For |
| Biljana BORZAN | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Billy KELLEHER | Ireland | Renew | For |
| Birgit SIPPEL | Germany | S&D | For |
| Bogdan Andrzej ZDROJEWSKI | Poland | EPP | For |
| Bogdan RZOŃCA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Borja GIMÉNEZ LARRAZ | Spain | EPP | For |
| Borys BUDKA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Brando BENIFEI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Branko GRIMS | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Bruno GONÇALVES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Bruno TOBBACK | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Camilla LAURETI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Carla TAVARES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Carlo CICCIOLI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Carlo FIDANZA | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ | Spain | EPP | For |
| Carolina MORACE | Italy | The Left | For |
| Catarina VIEIRA | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Caterina CHINNICI voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| Catherine GRISET | France | Patriots | Against |
| Cecilia STRADA | Italy | S&D | For |
| Céline IMART | France | EPP | For |
| Charles GOERENS | Luxembourg | Renew | For |
| Charlie WEIMERS | Sweden | ECR | For |
| Chiara GEMMA | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Christel SCHALDEMOSE | Denmark | S&D | For |
| Christian DOLESCHAL | Germany | EPP | For |
| Christine ANDERSON | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Christine SCHNEIDER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Christophe BAY | France | Patriots | Against |
| Christophe GOMART | France | EPP | For |
| Christophe GRUDLER | France | Renew | For |
| Ciaran MULLOOLY | Ireland | Renew | For |
| Claire FITA | France | S&D | For |
| Claudiu-Richard TÂRZIU | Romania | ECR | Abstained |
| Costas MAVRIDES | Cyprus | S&D | For |
| Cristian TERHEŞ | Romania | ECR | Abstained |
| Cristina GUARDA | Italy | Greens | For |
| Csaba MOLNÁR | Hungary | S&D | For |
| Cynthia NÍ MHURCHÚ | Ireland | Renew | For |
| Dainius ŽALIMAS | Lithuania | Renew | For |
| Damian BOESELAGER | Germany | Greens | For |
| Damien CARÊME | France | The Left | For |
| Dan BARNA | Romania | Renew | For |
| Dan NICA | Romania | S&D | For |
| Dan-Ştefan MOTREANU | Romania | EPP | For |
| Daniel ATTARD | Malta | S&D | For |
| Daniel BUDA | Romania | EPP | For |
| Daniel FREUND | Germany | Greens | For |
| Daniel OBAJTEK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Daniele POLATO | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Danilo DELLA VALLE | Italy | The Left | For |
| Danuše NERUDOVÁ | Czechia | EPP | For |
| Dario TAMBURRANO | Italy | The Left | For |
| Dariusz JOŃSKI | Poland | EPP | For |
| David CASA | Malta | EPP | For |
| David CORMAND | France | Greens | For |
| Davor Ivo STIER | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Delara BURKHARDT | Germany | S&D | For |
| Denis NESCI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Dennis RADTKE | Germany | EPP | For |
| Diana IOVANOVICI ŞOŞOACĂ | Romania | No group | Abstained |
| Diana RIBA I GINER | Spain | Greens | For |
| Dick ERIXON | Sweden | ECR | For |
| Diego SOLIER | Spain | ECR | Abstained |
| Dimitris TSIODRAS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Dirk GOTINK | Netherlands | EPP | For |
| Dolors MONTSERRAT | Spain | EPP | For |
| Dominik TARCZYŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Dóra DÁVID | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Dragoş BENEA | Romania | S&D | For |
| Elena DONAZZAN | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Elena KOUNTOURA | Greece | The Left | For |
| Elena NEVADO DEL CAMPO | Spain | EPP | For |
| Elena SANCHO MURILLO | Spain | S&D | For |
| Elena YONCHEVA | Bulgaria | No group | For |
| Eleonora MELETI | Greece | EPP | For |
| Elisabeth DIERINGER | Austria | Patriots | Abstained |
| Elisabeth GROSSMANN | Austria | S&D | For |
| Elisabetta GUALMINI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Elsi KATAINEN | Finland | Renew | For |
| Elżbieta Katarzyna ŁUKACIJEWSKA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Emil RADEV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Emma FOURREAU | France | The Left | For |
| Emma WIESNER | Sweden | Renew | For |
| Emmanouil FRAGKOS | Greece | ECR | Abstained |
| Emmanouil KEFALOGIANNIS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Engin EROGLU | Germany | Renew | For |
| Eric SARGIACOMO | France | S&D | For |
| Erik KALIŇÁK | Slovakia | No group | Abstained |
| Erik MARQUARDT | Germany | Greens | For |
| Esteban GONZÁLEZ PONS | Spain | EPP | For |
| Estelle CEULEMANS | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Estrella GALÁN | Spain | The Left | For |
| Eszter LAKOS | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Eugen TOMAC | Romania | Renew | For |
| Evelyn REGNER | Austria | S&D | For |
| Evin INCIR | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Ewa KOPACZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Poland | ESN | Abstained |
| Fabienne KELLER | France | Renew | For |
| Fabio DE MASI | Germany | No group | For |
| Fabrice LEGGERI | France | Patriots | Against |
| Fernand KARTHEISER | Luxembourg | No group | For |
| Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS | Spain | EPP | For |
| Flavio TOSI voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| France JAMET | France | Patriots | Against |
| Francesco TORSELLI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Francisco José MILLÁN MON | Spain | EPP | For |
| François KALFON | France | S&D | For |
| François-Xavier BELLAMY | France | EPP | For |
| Fredis BELERIS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Friedrich PÜRNER | Germany | No group | Abstained |
| Fulvio MARTUSCIELLO voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| Gabriel MATO | Spain | EPP | For |
| Gabriela FIREA | Romania | S&D | For |
| Gabriele BISCHOFF | Germany | S&D | For |
| Gaetano PEDULLA' | Italy | The Left | For |
| Galato ALEXANDRAKI | Greece | ECR | Abstained |
| Georg MAYER | Austria | Patriots | Abstained |
| Georgiana TEODORESCU | Romania | ECR | Abstained |
| Gerald HAUSER | Austria | Patriots | Abstained |
| Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Gerolf ANNEMANS | Belgium | Patriots | Against |
| Gheorghe CÂRCIU | Romania | S&D | For |
| Gheorghe FALCĂ | Romania | EPP | For |
| Gheorghe PIPEREA | Romania | ECR | Abstained |
| Gilles BOYER | France | Renew | For |
| Gilles PENNELLE | France | Patriots | Against |
| Giorgio GORI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Giorgos GEORGIOU | Cyprus | The Left | For |
| Giovanni CROSETTO | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Giuseppe LUPO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Giusi PRINCI voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| Gordan BOSANAC | Croatia | Greens | For |
| Grégory ALLIONE | France | Renew | For |
| Grzegorz BRAUN | Poland | No group | Abstained |
| Guillaume PELTIER | France | ECR | Against |
| Günther SIDL | Austria | S&D | For |
| Hana JALLOUL MURO | Spain | S&D | For |
| Hanna GEDIN | Sweden | The Left | For |
| Hanna GRONKIEWICZ-WALTZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Hannah NEUMANN | Germany | Greens | For |
| Hannes HEIDE | Austria | S&D | For |
| Harald VILIMSKY | Austria | Patriots | Abstained |
| Helmut BRANDSTÄTTER | Austria | Renew | For |
| Henrik DAHL | Denmark | EPP | For |
| Herbert DORFMANN voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| Hilde VAUTMANS | Belgium | Renew | For |
| Hildegard BENTELE | Germany | EPP | For |
| Hristo PETROV | Bulgaria | Renew | For |
| Idoia MENDIA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Ignazio Roberto MARINO | Italy | Greens | For |
| Ilaria SALIS | Italy | The Left | For |
| Ilhan KYUCHYUK | Bulgaria | Renew | For |
| Ilia LAZAROV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Inese VAIDERE | Latvia | EPP | For |
| Ingeborg TER LAAK | Netherlands | EPP | For |
| Ioan-Rareş BOGDAN | Romania | EPP | For |
| Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Irene MONTERO | Spain | The Left | For |
| Irene TINAGLI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Irmhild BOSSDORF | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Isabel BENJUMEA BENJUMEA | Spain | EPP | For |
| Isabel WISELER-LIMA | Luxembourg | EPP | For |
| Isabella LÖVIN | Sweden | Greens | For |
| Isabelle LE CALLENNEC | France | EPP | For |
| Isilda GOMES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Iuliu WINKLER | Romania | EPP | For |
| Ivan DAVID voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | ESN | Abstained |
| Ivars IJABS | Latvia | Renew | For |
| Ivaylo VALCHEV | Bulgaria | ECR | Abstained |
| Jacek OZDOBA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Jacek PROTAS | Poland | EPP | For |
| Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Jagna MARCZUŁAJTIS-WALCZAK | Poland | EPP | For |
| Jan FARSKÝ | Czechia | EPP | For |
| Jan-Christoph OETJEN | Germany | Renew | For |
| Jan-Peter WARNKE | Germany | No group | For |
| Jana NAGYOVÁ | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Jana TOOM | Estonia | Renew | For |
| Janusz LEWANDOWSKI | Poland | EPP | For |
| Jaroslav BŽOCH | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Jaroslav KNOT | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Jaroslava POKORNÁ JERMANOVÁ | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Jaume ASENS LLODRÀ | Spain | Greens | For |
| Javi LÓPEZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Javier MORENO SÁNCHEZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Javier ZARZALEJOS | Spain | EPP | For |
| Jean-Marc GERMAIN | France | S&D | For |
| Jean-Paul GARRAUD | France | Patriots | Against |
| Jeannette BALJEU | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Jens GEIER | Germany | S&D | For |
| Jens GIESEKE | Germany | EPP | For |
| Jeroen LENAERS | Netherlands | EPP | For |
| Jessica POLFJÄRD | Sweden | EPP | For |
| Jessika VAN LEEUWEN | Netherlands | EPP | For |
| Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Joachim STREIT | Germany | Renew | For |
| Joanna SCHEURING-WIELGUS | Poland | S&D | For |
| João OLIVEIRA | Portugal | The Left | For |
| Johan DANIELSSON | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Jonás FERNÁNDEZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Jonas SJÖSTEDT | Sweden | The Left | For |
| Jordan BARDELLA | France | Patriots | Against |
| Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA | Spain | Patriots | For |
| Jörgen WARBORN | Sweden | EPP | For |
| José CEPEDA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL | Spain | Patriots | For |
| Juan Fernando LÓPEZ AGUILAR | Spain | S&D | For |
| Juan Ignacio ZOIDO ÁLVAREZ | Spain | EPP | For |
| Judita LAŠŠÁKOVÁ | Slovakia | No group | Abstained |
| Julie RECHAGNEUX | France | Patriots | Against |
| Julien LEONARDELLI | France | Patriots | Against |
| Julien SANCHEZ | France | Patriots | Against |
| Jüri RATAS | Estonia | EPP | For |
| Jussi SARAMO | Finland | The Left | For |
| Jutta PAULUS | Germany | Greens | For |
| Kai TEGETHOFF | Germany | Greens | For |
| Kamila GASIUK-PIHOWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Karin KARLSBRO | Sweden | Renew | For |
| Katarina BARLEY | Germany | S&D | For |
| Katarína ROTH NEVEĎALOVÁ | Slovakia | No group | Abstained |
| Kateřina KONEČNÁ | Czechia | No group | Abstained |
| Kathleen FUNCHION | Ireland | The Left | For |
| Kathleen VAN BREMPT | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Katrin LANGENSIEPEN | Germany | Greens | For |
| Kim VAN SPARRENTAK | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Kira Marie PETER-HANSEN | Denmark | Greens | For |
| Klára DOBREV | Hungary | S&D | For |
| Klara DOSTALOVA | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Konstantinos ARVANITIS | Greece | The Left | For |
| Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Kris VAN DIJCK | Belgium | ECR | Abstained |
| Kristian VIGENIN | Bulgaria | S&D | For |
| Kristoffer STORM | Denmark | ECR | For |
| Krzysztof BREJZA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Krzysztof HETMAN | Poland | EPP | For |
| Krzysztof ŚMISZEK | Poland | S&D | For |
| Lara MAGONI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Lara WOLTERS | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Laurence FARRENG | France | Renew | For |
| Laurence TROCHU | France | ECR | Abstained |
| Laurent CASTILLO | France | EPP | For |
| Lefteris NIKOLAOU-ALAVANOS | Greece | No group | Abstained |
| Leila CHAIBI | France | The Left | For |
| Leire PAJÍN | Spain | S&D | For |
| Lena DÜPONT | Germany | EPP | For |
| Lena SCHILLING | Austria | Greens | For |
| Leoluca ORLANDO | Italy | Greens | For |
| Li ANDERSSON | Finland | The Left | For |
| Lídia PEREIRA | Portugal | EPP | For |
| Liesbet SOMMEN | Belgium | EPP | For |
| Liudas MAŽYLIS | Lithuania | EPP | For |
| Ľubica KARVAŠOVÁ | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Ľuboš BLAHA | Slovakia | No group | Against |
| Lucia YAR | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Luděk NIEDERMAYER | Czechia | EPP | For |
| Ľudovít ÓDOR | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS | Romania | No group | For |
| Lukas MANDL | Austria | EPP | For |
| Lukas SIEPER | Germany | No group | For |
| Łukasz KOHUT | Poland | EPP | For |
| Luke Ming FLANAGAN | Ireland | The Left | For |
| Maciej WĄSIK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Magdalena ADAMOWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Malik AZMANI | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Malika SOREL | France | No group | For |
| Manon AUBRY | France | The Left | For |
| Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER | Spain | EPP | For |
| Marc ANGEL | Luxembourg | S&D | For |
| Marc BOTENGA | Belgium | The Left | For |
| Marc JONGEN | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Marcin SYPNIEWSKI voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Poland | ESN | Abstained |
| Marco FALCONE | Italy | EPP | For |
| Marco TARQUINIO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Marcos ROS SEMPERE | Spain | S&D | For |
| Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN | Spain | Patriots | For |
| Maria GRAPINI | Romania | S&D | For |
| Maria GUZENINA | Finland | S&D | For |
| Maria OHISALO | Finland | Greens | For |
| Maria WALSH | Ireland | EPP | For |
| Maria ZACHARIA | Greece | No group | For |
| Marianne VIND | Denmark | S&D | For |
| Marie DAUCHY | France | Patriots | Against |
| Marie TOUSSAINT | France | Greens | For |
| Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN | Germany | Renew | For |
| Marie-Luce BRASIER-CLAIN | France | Patriots | Against |
| Marieke EHLERS | Netherlands | Patriots | Against |
| Marina KALJURAND | Estonia | S&D | For |
| Marina MESURE | France | The Left | For |
| Mario FURORE | Italy | The Left | For |
| Mario MANTOVANI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Marion MARÉCHAL | France | ECR | Abstained |
| Marion WALSMANN | Germany | EPP | For |
| Marit MAIJ | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Mariusz KAMIŃSKI | Poland | ECR | Abstained |
| Marjan ŠAREC | Slovenia | Renew | For |
| Markéta GREGOROVÁ | Czechia | Greens | For |
| Marko VEŠLIGAJ | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Markus BUCHHEIT | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Markus FERBER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Marlena MALĄG | Poland | ECR | For |
| Marta TEMIDO | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Marta WCISŁO | Poland | EPP | For |
| Martin GÜNTHER | Germany | The Left | For |
| Martin HÄUSLING | Germany | Greens | For |
| Martin HOJSÍK | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Martin SCHIRDEWAN | Germany | The Left | For |
| Martin SONNEBORN | Germany | No group | For |
| Martine KEMP | Luxembourg | EPP | For |
| Mārtiņš STAĶIS | Latvia | Greens | For |
| Mary KHAN | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Massimiliano SALINI voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| Matej TONIN | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Mathilde ANDROUËT | France | Patriots | Against |
| Matjaž NEMEC | Slovenia | S&D | For |
| Matteo RICCI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Matthieu VALET | France | Patriots | Against |
| Mélanie DISDIER | France | Patriots | Against |
| Mélissa CAMARA | France | Greens | For |
| Merja KYLLÖNEN | Finland | The Left | For |
| Michael BLOSS | Germany | Greens | For |
| Michael GAHLER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Michael MCNAMARA | Ireland | Renew | For |
| Michael VON DER SCHULENBURG | Germany | No group | For |
| Michał DWORCZYK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Michał KOBOSKO | Poland | Renew | For |
| Michał SZCZERBA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Michał WAWRYKIEWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Michalis HADJIPANTELA | Cyprus | EPP | For |
| Michele PICARO | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Mieke ANDRIESE | Netherlands | Patriots | Against |
| Mihai TUDOSE | Romania | S&D | For |
| Mika AALTOLA | Finland | EPP | For |
| Milan MAZUREK | Slovakia | ESN | Against |
| Milan UHRÍK | Slovakia | ESN | Against |
| Milan ZVER | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Mircea-Gheorghe HAVA | Romania | EPP | For |
| Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN | Spain | Patriots | For |
| Miriam LEXMANN | Slovakia | EPP | For |
| Mirosława NYKIEL | Poland | EPP | For |
| Mohammed CHAHIM | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Monika BEŇOVÁ | Slovakia | No group | Abstained |
| Monika HOHLMEIER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Moritz KÖRNER | Germany | Renew | For |
| Morten LØKKEGAARD | Denmark | Renew | For |
| Mounir SATOURI | France | Greens | For |
| Murielle LAURENT | France | S&D | For |
| Nacho SÁNCHEZ AMOR | Spain | S&D | For |
| Nadine MORANO | France | EPP | For |
| Nela RIEHL | Germany | Greens | For |
| Niclas HERBST | Germany | EPP | For |
| Nicola PROCACCINI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Nicolae ȘTEFĂNUȚĂ | Romania | Greens | For |
| Nicolas BAY | France | ECR | Against |
| Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES | Spain | S&D | For |
| Nicolás PASCUAL DE LA PARTE | Spain | EPP | For |
| Niels Flemming HANSEN | Denmark | EPP | For |
| Niels GEUKING | Germany | EPP | For |
| Nikola BARTŮŠEK | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Nikola MINCHEV | Bulgaria | Renew | For |
| Nikolaos ANADIOTIS | Greece | No group | For |
| Nikolas FARANTOURIS | Greece | The Left | For |
| Nikos PAPANDREOU | Greece | S&D | For |
| Nikos PAPPAS | Greece | The Left | For |
| Nils UŠAKOVS | Latvia | S&D | For |
| Nina CARBERRY | Ireland | EPP | For |
| Nora JUNCO GARCÍA | Spain | ECR | Abstained |
| Nora MEBAREK | France | S&D | For |
| Norbert LINS | Germany | EPP | For |
| Oihane AGIRREGOITIA MARTÍNEZ | Spain | Renew | For |
| Oliver SCHENK | Germany | EPP | For |
| Olivier CHASTEL | Belgium | Renew | For |
| Ondřej DOSTÁL | Czechia | No group | Abstained |
| Ondřej KNOTEK | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Ondřej KOLÁŘ | Czechia | EPP | For |
| Ondřej KRUTÍLEK | Czechia | ECR | Abstained |
| Özlem DEMIREL | Germany | The Left | For |
| Pablo ARIAS ECHEVERRÍA | Spain | EPP | For |
| Pál SZEKERES | Hungary | Patriots | Abstained |
| Paolo BORCHIA | Italy | Patriots | Abstained |
| Paolo INSELVINI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Pär HOLMGREN | Sweden | Greens | For |
| Pascal ARIMONT | Belgium | EPP | For |
| Pascal CANFIN | France | Renew | For |
| Pascale PIERA | France | Patriots | Against |
| Pasquale TRIDICO | Italy | The Left | For |
| Patryk JAKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Paulius SAUDARGAS | Lithuania | EPP | For |
| Paulo CUNHA | Portugal | EPP | For |
| Paulo DO NASCIMENTO CABRAL | Portugal | EPP | For |
| Pekka TOVERI | Finland | EPP | For |
| Per CLAUSEN | Denmark | The Left | For |
| Petar VOLGIN | Bulgaria | ESN | Against |
| Peter AGIUS | Malta | EPP | For |
| Peter LIESE | Germany | EPP | For |
| Petra STEGER | Austria | Patriots | Abstained |
| Petras AUŠTREVIČIUS | Lithuania | Renew | For |
| Petras GRAŽULIS voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Lithuania | ESN | For |
| Philippe OLIVIER | France | Patriots | Against |
| Pierfrancesco MARAN | Italy | S&D | For |
| Pierre JOUVET | France | S&D | For |
| Pierre PIMPIE | France | Patriots | Against |
| Pierre-Romain THIONNET | France | Patriots | Against |
| Pietro FIOCCHI | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Piotr MÜLLER | Poland | ECR | For |
| Rachel BLOM | Netherlands | Patriots | Against |
| Radan KANEV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Raffaele TOPO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Ralf SEEKATZ | Germany | EPP | For |
| Raphaël GLUCKSMANN | France | S&D | For |
| Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Rasa JUKNEVIČIENĖ | Lithuania | EPP | For |
| Rasmus ANDRESEN | Germany | Greens | For |
| Rasmus NORDQVIST | Denmark | Greens | For |
| Raúl DE LA HOZ QUINTANO | Spain | EPP | For |
| Regina DOHERTY | Ireland | EPP | For |
| Reinier VAN LANSCHOT | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Reinis POZŅAKS | Latvia | ECR | Abstained |
| René AUST | Germany | ESN | Against |
| René REPASI | Germany | S&D | For |
| Rihards KOLS | Latvia | ECR | Abstained |
| Riho TERRAS | Estonia | EPP | For |
| Rima HASSAN | France | The Left | For |
| Robert BIEDROŃ | Poland | S&D | For |
| Roberto VANNACCI | Italy | Patriots | Abstained |
| Roberts ZĪLE | Latvia | ECR | Abstained |
| Rody TOLASSY | France | Patriots | Against |
| Roman HAIDER | Austria | Patriots | Abstained |
| Romana JERKOVIĆ | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Romana TOMC | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Rosa ESTARÀS FERRAGUT | Spain | EPP | For |
| Rosa SERRANO SIERRA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Rudi KENNES | Belgium | The Left | For |
| Ruth FIRMENICH | Germany | No group | For |
| Sabine VERHEYEN | Germany | EPP | For |
| Sabrina REPP | Germany | S&D | For |
| Sakis ARNAOUTOGLOU | Greece | S&D | For |
| Salvatore DE MEO voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Italy | EPP | Abstained |
| Sandro RUOTOLO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Saskia BRICMONT | Belgium | Greens | For |
| Seán KELLY | Ireland | EPP | For |
| Sebastian EVERDING | Germany | The Left | For |
| Sebastian KRUIS | Netherlands | Patriots | Against |
| Sebastião BUGALHO | Portugal | EPP | For |
| Şerban Dimitrie STURDZA | Romania | ECR | Abstained |
| Sergey LAGODINSKY | Germany | Greens | For |
| Sergio BERLATO | Italy | ECR | Abstained |
| Sérgio GONÇALVES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Sérgio HUMBERTO | Portugal | EPP | For |
| Séverine WERBROUCK | France | Patriots | Against |
| Sibylle BERG | Germany | No group | For |
| Siegbert Frank DROESE | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Siegfried MUREŞAN | Romania | EPP | For |
| Sigrid FRIIS | Denmark | Renew | For |
| Sirpa PIETIKÄINEN | Finland | EPP | For |
| Sofie ERIKSSON | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Sophia KIRCHER | Austria | EPP | For |
| Sophie WILMÈS | Belgium | Renew | For |
| Stanislav STOYANOV | Bulgaria | ESN | Against |
| Stefan BERGER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Ştefan MUŞOIU | Romania | S&D | For |
| Stefano BONACCINI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Stéphanie YON-COURTIN | France | Renew | For |
| Stine BOSSE | Denmark | Renew | For |
| Sunčana GLAVAK | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Susanna CECCARDI | Italy | Patriots | Abstained |
| Sven MIKSER | Estonia | S&D | For |
| Sven SIMON | Germany | EPP | For |
| Svenja HAHN | Germany | Renew | For |
| Taner KABILOV | Bulgaria | No group | For |
| Terry REINTKE | Germany | Greens | For |
| Thierry MARIANI | France | Patriots | Against |
| Thijs REUTEN | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Thomas BAJADA | Malta | S&D | For |
| Thomas PELLERIN-CARLIN | France | S&D | For |
| Thomas WAITZ | Austria | Greens | For |
| Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ | Portugal | Patriots | For |
| Tilly METZ | Luxembourg | Greens | For |
| Tineke STRIK | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Tobias CREMER | Germany | S&D | For |
| Tobiasz BOCHEŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Tom BERENDSEN | Netherlands | EPP | For |
| Tom VANDENDRIESSCHE | Belgium | Patriots | Against |
| Tomáš KUBÍN | Czechia | Patriots | For |
| Tomas TOBÉ | Sweden | EPP | For |
| Tomasz FROELICH | Germany | ESN | Against |
| Tomislav SOKOL | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Ton DIEPEVEEN | Netherlands | Patriots | Against |
| Tonino PICULA | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Tsvetelina PENKOVA | Bulgaria | S&D | For |
| Udo BULLMANN | Germany | S&D | For |
| Urmas PAET | Estonia | Renew | For |
| Valentina PALMISANO | Italy | The Left | For |
| Valérie DELOGE | France | Patriots | Against |
| Valérie DEVAUX | France | Renew | For |
| Valérie HAYER | France | Renew | For |
| Vangelis MEIMARAKIS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Vasile DÎNCU | Romania | S&D | For |
| Verena MERTENS | Germany | EPP | For |
| Veronika CIFROVÁ OSTRIHOŇOVÁ | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Veronika VRECIONOVÁ | Czechia | ECR | Abstained |
| Vicent MARZÀ IBÁÑEZ | Spain | Greens | For |
| Victor NEGRESCU | Romania | S&D | For |
| Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ | Lithuania | S&D | For |
| Vilis KRIŠTOPANS | Latvia | Patriots | Against |
| Ville NIINISTÖ | Finland | Greens | For |
| Villy SØVNDAL | Denmark | Greens | For |
| Virgil-Daniel POPESCU | Romania | EPP | For |
| Virginie JORON | France | Patriots | Against |
| Virginijus SINKEVIČIUS | Lithuania | Greens | For |
| Vivien COSTANZO | Germany | S&D | For |
| Vlad VASILE-VOICULESCU | Romania | Renew | For |
| Vladimir PREBILIČ | Slovenia | Greens | For |
| Volker SCHNURRBUSCH voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Germany | ESN | For |
| Vytenis Povilas ANDRIUKAITIS | Lithuania | S&D | For |
| Waldemar BUDA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Wouter BEKE | Belgium | EPP | For |
| Yannis MANIATIS | Greece | S&D | For |
| Zala ČERNILEC TOMAŠIČ | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Zsuzsanna BORVENDÉG | Hungary | ESN | Against |
Debate speakers and how they voted
| Member | Group | Speeches | Spoke | Final vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Martin HOJSÍK Slovakia | Renew | Speeches2 | 27 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Jan-Christoph OETJEN Germany | Renew | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Mounir SATOURI France | Greens | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Thierry MARIANI France | Patriots | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group | Against |
| Susanna CECCARDI Italy | Patriots | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | Abstained |
| Marta TEMIDO Portugal | S&D | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group | For |
Show the other 4 speakers
| Member | Group | Speeches | Spoke | Final vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christophe GOMART France | EPP | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group | For |
| Marcin SYPNIEWSKI Poland | ESN | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | Abstained |
| Giorgio GORI Italy | S&D | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Roberts ZĪLE Latvia | ECR | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | Abstained |
All votes on this decision, 12
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Separate vote on paragraph 1 RC-B10-0518/2025 – § 1 | Roll call | 531 for, 2 against, 63 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: ECR, Patriots |
| 2 | Separate vote on paragraph 2 RC-B10-0518/2025 – § 2 | Roll call | 525 for, 14 against, 57 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: ECR |
| 3 | Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 7 RC-B10-0518/2025 – After § 7 – Am 1 | Roll call | 246 for, 317 against, 31 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
Show the other 11 votesShow the other 9 votes
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Separate vote on paragraph 2 RC-B10-0518/2025 – § 2 | Roll call | 525 for, 14 against, 57 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: ECR |
| 3 | Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 7 RC-B10-0518/2025 – After § 7 – Am 1 | Roll call | 246 for, 317 against, 31 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | Final vote — text as a whole RC-B10-0518/2025 – Motion for a resolution (as a whole) | Roll call | 464 for, 58 against, 75 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Renew |
| 5 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0518/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 6 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0520/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 7 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0522/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 8 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0525/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 9 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0532/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 10 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0536/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 11 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0537/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 12 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0538/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed |
Roll calls requested by Renew, ECR, Patriots.
Text
The text voted on.
AI: What this vote decides Written by AI from the official text — check the source
Parliament adopted a resolution on the rule of law and human rights situation in Tunisia, focusing on the case of journalist and lawyer Sonia Dahmani, held in prison since 11 May 2024.
The text calls for the release of all arbitrarily detained individuals, including Sonia Dahmani, and for Tunisia to ensure independent media and journalist safety.
It also supports bans on the burqa in public places since 2019 and urges social dialogue and action on challenges like the cost-of-living crisis and migration.
The resolution will be forwarded to the Council, Commission, and Tunisian authorities.
AI: The text in short Written by AI from the official text — check the source
This resolution addresses the rule of law and human rights situation in Tunisia, focusing on the detention of journalist and lawyer Sonia Dahmani. It calls for the release of arbitrarily detained individuals and for constructive engagement with Tunisia.
Dossier
Where the dossier stands and its other decisions in plenary.
2025/2988(RSP) · Resolution on a topical subject
Parliament adopted the text on 27 November 2025. This is its final position on the matter.
Show the 3 steps of the dossier
- Tabled for plenary (done)
- Plenary vote · Adopted 27 November 2025 (done)
- Parliament’s position · Final (done)
Connections
What this decision touches: the procedural chain, the same text, running issues, votes that split the chamber the same way.
No connections found for this decision.
Sources & citation
Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.
- Official sources
- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 5 October 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “Rule of law and human rights situation in Tunisia, particularly the case of Sonia Dahmani”. Decision, 27 November 2025. votingId 182293, document B-10-2025-0522, reference 2025/2988(RSP). EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-27/6?members=all (retrieved 5 October 2026). Official sources: Roll-call votes, sitting of 27 November 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-RCV_EN.html; Results of votes, sitting of 27 November 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-VOT_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-11-27, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meetings/MTG-PL-2025-11-27/decisions?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-decision-2025-11-27-6,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{Rule of law and human rights situation in Tunisia, particularly the case of Sonia Dahmani}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-11-27},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-27/6?members=all}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-27/6?members=all},
urldate = {2026-10-05},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Decision. votingId 182293, document B-10-2025-0522, reference 2025/2988(RSP). Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-RCV\_EN.html, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-VOT\_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-11-27 (CC BY 4.0)}
}