Decision
Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement
- Effect
- Adopted
- Result
- 490 for · 41 against · 74 abstained roll call
- Date
- 27 November 2025, 12:10–12:17
- Kind
- Resolution
More facts (9)
- Margin
- by an overwhelming majority
- Dossier
- 2024/2108(INI)
- Source
- Committee report by Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry
- Topics
- Foreign affairsTrade & customs Assigned by a model, not checked by hand.
- Votes
- 41 votes · 28 roll calls · 4 amendments
- Requested by
- The Left (1 roll call, 3 split votes) · Greens (1 split vote) · Patriots (1 roll call, 6 split votes, 1 separate vote) · ESN (1 roll call)
- Sitting
- Thursday 27 November 2025
- Final vote
- 181486
Result
The final vote and what it means for this kind of decision.
Final vote: 490 for, 41 against, 74 abstained (roll call).
Adopted by an overwhelming majority.
Parliament adopted the text as its official position.
Before the final vote, MEPs decided on 4 amendments (4 rejected) and 36 parts of the text voted on separately (35 adopted, 1 rejected).
Backed by Greens, S&D, Renew, EPP, ECR and Patriots; opposed by ESN; The Left mostly abstained.
Groups
| Group | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Majority line | Clear line | Cohesion | Bar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Left | For 9 | Against 3 | Abst. 25 | No vote 9 of 46 | Majority line Abstained | Clear line Abstained | Cohesion 0.51 | |
| Greens | For 50 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 3 of 53 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| S&D | For 113 | Against 0 | Abst. 2 | No vote 21 of 136 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.97 | |
| Renew | For 64 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 11 of 75 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| EPP | For 152 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 36 of 188 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| ECR | For 58 | Against 2 | Abst. 5 | No vote 14 of 79 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.84 | |
| Patriots | For 38 | Against 6 | Abst. 31 | No vote 10 of 85 | Majority line For | Clear line Divided | Cohesion 0.26 | |
| ESN | For 0 | Against 17 | Abst. 4 | No vote 6 of 27 | Majority line Against | Clear line Against | Cohesion 0.71 | |
| No group | For 6 | Against 13 | Abst. 7 | No vote 4 of 30 | Majority line — | Clear line No line | Cohesion — |
Members who changed group are counted in the group of the day: Branko GRIMS changed group, Elena YONCHEVA changed group, Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group, Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group, Jessika VAN LEEUWEN changed group, Laurent CASTILLO changed group, Lukas SIEPER changed group, Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group, Nikolas FARANTOURIS changed group, Pina PICIERNO changed group, Roberto VANNACCI changed group, Sander SMIT changed group, Taner KABILOV changed group.
Voted against their group, 25
Members who voted otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds of the votes cast, at least 10 members voting) of the group they sat in that day. A group without a clear line is divided and not counted.
The Left line Abstained · 12 voted for or against of 37 who voted
Voted for or against (12)
- Estrella GALÁN Spain
- Hanna GEDIN Sweden
- Ilaria SALIS Italy
- João OLIVEIRA Portugal
- Jonas SJÖSTEDT Sweden
- Jussi SARAMO Finland
- Kathleen FUNCHION Ireland
- Li ANDERSSON Finland
- Marc BOTENGA Belgium
- Merja KYLLÖNEN Finland
- Özlem DEMIREL Germany
- Sebastian EVERDING Germany
S&D line For · 2 abstained of 115 who voted
Abstained (2)
- Cecilia STRADA Italy
- Marco TARQUINIO Italy
ECR line For · 2 voted against, 5 abstained of 65 who voted
Voted against (2)
- Emmanouil FRAGKOS Greece
- Galato ALEXANDRAKI Greece
Abstained (5)
- Geadis GEADI Cyprus
- Guillaume PELTIER France
- Laurence TROCHU France
- Marion MARÉCHAL France
- Nicolas BAY France
ESN line Against · 4 abstained of 21 who voted
Abstained (4)
- Alexander JUNGBLUTH Germany
- Mary KHAN Germany
- Petras GRAŽULIS Lithuania
- Volker SCHNURRBUSCH Germany
Countries
The final vote by national delegation.
Votes by country (27 delegations)
| Country | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Cohesion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 12 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0.50 |
| Belgium | 12 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 0.56 |
| Bulgaria | 12 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0.70 |
| Cyprus | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | — |
| Czechia | 17 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0.78 |
| Germany | 59 | 13 | 9 | 15 | 0.59 |
| Denmark | 12 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0.79 |
| Estonia | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Spain | 42 | 0 | 5 | 13 | 0.84 |
| Finland | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.00 |
| France | 60 | 0 | 11 | 10 | 0.77 |
| Greece | 9 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 0.25 |
| Croatia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 4 | — |
| Hungary | 2 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 0.63 |
| Ireland | 11 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0.88 |
| Italy | 45 | 0 | 13 | 18 | 0.66 |
| Lithuania | 8 | 0 | 1 | 2 | — |
| Luxembourg | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Latvia | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — |
| Malta | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Netherlands | 21 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 0.67 |
| Poland | 43 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 0.87 |
| Portugal | 15 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0.82 |
| Romania | 31 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.95 |
| Sweden | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 |
| Slovenia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Slovakia | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0.19 |
Members
Each member’s recorded position on the final roll call, in the group they sat in that day. Filter by country, group, position or name.
Debate speakers and how they voted
| Member | Group | Speeches | Spoke | Final vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Martin HOJSÍK Slovakia | Renew | Speeches1 | 27 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Thijs REUTEN Netherlands | S&D | Speeches2 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Nina CARBERRY Ireland | EPP | Speeches2 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Maria GRAPINI Romania | S&D | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| David MCALLISTER Germany | EPP | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group | No vote recorded |
| Brando BENIFEI Italy | S&D | Speeches1 | 26 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group | For |
Show the other 35 speakers
All votes on this decision, 41
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Separate vote on paragraph 13 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 13 | Roll call | 526 for, 58 against, 26 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 2 | Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 125 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – After § 125 – Am 2 | Roll call | 174 for, 415 against, 18 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
| 3 | Paragraph 126 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘encourages the EU and the UK to work together to end Russian energy dependence by halting imports of all Russian fossil fuels at the earliest opportunity, including oil, gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), nuclear fuels, and other nuclear materials; notes that both the EU and the UK are continuing to make progress towards their shared goal of ending all energy ties with Russia;’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Patriots |
Show the other 40 votesShow the other 38 votes
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 125 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – After § 125 – Am 2 | Roll call | 174 for, 415 against, 18 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
| 3 | Paragraph 126 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘encourages the EU and the UK to work together to end Russian energy dependence by halting imports of all Russian fossil fuels at the earliest opportunity, including oil, gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), nuclear fuels, and other nuclear materials; notes that both the EU and the UK are continuing to make progress towards their shared goal of ending all energy ties with Russia;’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Patriots |
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | Paragraph 126 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “those words” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Patriots |
| 5 | Paragraph 168 — part 1 of 3 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘the introduction of minimum catch sizes for certain species, the closure of fishing in marine protected areas (for example in the Dogger Bank),’ and ‘and the establishment of wind farms’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 6 | Paragraph 168 — part 2 of 3 Part voted on: “the introduction of minimum catch sizes for certain species, the closure of fishing in marine protected areas (for example in the Dogger Bank),” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 7 | Paragraph 168 — part 3 of 3 Part voted on: “and the establishment of wind farms” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 8 | Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 172 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – After § 172 – Am 4 | Roll call | 137 for, 452 against, 22 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 9 | Separate vote on paragraph 199 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 199 | Roll call | 557 for, 35 against, 17 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
| 10 | Separate vote on paragraph 204 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Patriots |
| 11 | Paragraph 204 — part 2 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 204/2 Part voted on: “hopes that both parties can avoid the delays that have characterised UK participation in Horizon Europe and the Copernicus programme under the current MFF, in order to ensure continuity in funding for key EU research and innovation projects that involve UK partners;” | Roll call | 549 for, 34 against, 25 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: Patriots |
| 12 | Vote on text inserted after paragraph 213 | Show of hands | Rejected | |
| 13 | Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 244 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – After § 244 – Am 3 | Roll call | 189 for, 407 against, 12 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: ESN |
| 14 | Separate vote on paragraph 250 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 250 | Roll call | 505 for, 62 against, 38 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 15 | Paragraph 251 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: ‘Underlines the existential threat posed by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and its threats to expand this aggression to other countries of the European continent;’ | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: The Left, Patriots |
| 16 | Paragraph 251 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “considers this to be the single most important threat facing our continent in the coming years, notwithstanding the importance of other issues;” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: The Left, Patriots |
| 17 | Paragraph 251 — part 3 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 251/3 Part voted on: “calls for a commensurate policy response that gives priority to addressing the gaps in European defence and deterrence capabilities, especially in cooperation with like-minded European partners;” | Roll call | 472 for, 64 against, 70 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 18 | Paragraph 252 — part 1 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 252/1 Part voted on: ‘Welcomes the strong EU-UK cooperation in response to Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, as underscored at the EU-UK Summit; highlights the continued alignment of the EU and the UK;’ | Roll call | 511 for, 57 against, 33 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 19 | Paragraph 252 — part 2 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 252/2 Part voted on: ‘sanctions, military and financial support and’ without the word ‘military’ | Roll call | 461 for, 82 against, 43 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 20 | Paragraph 252 — part 3 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 252/3 Part voted on: “military” | Roll call | 456 for, 96 against, 43 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 21 | Paragraph 252 — part 4 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 252/4 Part voted on: ‘diplomatic coordination, as well as their shared commitment to restoring a comprehensive, just and lasting peace, based on the principles of international law, justice and accountability; calls for the EU and the UK to remain strongly united towards the rest of the international community in condemning Russia’s actions, defending the sovereignty, territorial integrity and independence of Ukraine, and in countering Russian disinformation about its war of aggression against Ukraine, and to continue their efforts towards achieving the broadest possible international support for these matters; commends the UK’s vital contribution to shaping a strong, unified European response to Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and in convening the ‘coalition of the willing’; welcomes the UK’s contribution to supporting Ukraine’s future repair and reconstruction; while respecting Member States’ military and security policies, including policies of military neutrality;’ without the words ‘commends the UK’s vital contribution to shaping a strong, unified European response to Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and in convening the ‘coalition of the willing’;’ | Roll call | 528 for, 34 against, 37 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 22 | Paragraph 252 — part 5 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 252/5 Part voted on: ‘commends the UK’s vital contribution to shaping a strong, unified European response to Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and in convening the ‘coalition of the willing’;’ | Roll call | 455 for, 88 against, 55 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 23 | Paragraph 252 — part 6 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 252/6 Part voted on: “calls on the UK Government and all the Member States to significantly increase military assistance for Ukraine and to lift all restrictions on such assistance; recommends, in that regard, that actions undertaken in the framework of the SAFE Regulation by both the Member States and the UK also include Ukraine and its defence technology and industrial base;” | Roll call | 424 for, 152 against, 14 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left, Patriots |
| 24 | Separate vote on paragraph 254 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 254 | Roll call | 438 for, 116 against, 52 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 25 | Separate vote on paragraph 255 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 255 | Roll call | 465 for, 98 against, 46 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 26 | Separate vote on paragraph 257 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 257 | Roll call | 507 for, 72 against, 28 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 27 | Paragraph 258 — part 1 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 258/1 Part voted on: ‘Underlines that the UK is a leading European defence actor with distinct expertise and advanced strategic capabilities; recognises the strength of its defence industrial base, particularly in the areas identified by the EU’s Readiness 2030 initiative and the European Defence Industrial Strategy as critical capability gaps, including integrated, multilayered air and missile defence, advanced artillery, long-range missile systems, and unmanned systems; acknowledges the deep links, complementarities and synergies between the European defence technological and industrial base and the UK’s defence technological and industrial base in pursuing shared security objectives by developing new collaborative arrangements in areas such as ballistic and hypersonic missile defence, space-based sensor systems, and early warning networks; calls for the EU, its Member States and the UK to make additional efforts to deepen cooperation between these industrial sectors and to strengthen the geographical coherence of a common European defence industrial base,’ | Roll call | 504 for, 72 against, 28 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: Patriots |
| 28 | Paragraph 258 — part 2 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 258/2 Part voted on: “which also incorporates Ukraine,” | Roll call | 447 for, 126 against, 25 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: Patriots |
| 29 | Paragraph 258 — part 3 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 258/3 Part voted on: “including in the area of innovation and joint research and development;” | Roll call | 476 for, 71 against, 55 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: Patriots |
| 30 | Paragraph 258 — part 4 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 258/4 Part voted on: “welcomes efforts by Member States and the UK and their defence industries to invest in and partner with the Ukrainian defence industry, and calls on them to intensify such efforts, in particular through the establishment of joint ventures and by building up production capacity both in Ukraine and in Member States;” | Roll call | 439 for, 93 against, 67 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: Patriots |
| 31 | Paragraph 258 — part 5 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 258/5 Part voted on: ‘underlines that the strength of the EU defence industrial base can equally contribute to enhancing the UK’s security;’ | Roll call | 510 for, 67 against, 29 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: Patriots |
| 32 | Separate vote on paragraph 259 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 259 | Roll call | 471 for, 85 against, 53 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 33 | Separate vote on paragraph 260 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 260 | Roll call | 506 for, 71 against, 29 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 34 | Separate vote on paragraph 262 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – § 262 | Roll call | 518 for, 67 against, 25 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 35 | Paragraph 265 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘and gender’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Patriots |
| 36 | Paragraph 265 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “those words” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Patriots |
| 37 | Separate vote on citation 21 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested byseparate: Patriots |
| 38 | Amendment 1, adding text after recital J A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – After recital J – Am 1 | Roll call | 178 for, 416 against, 12 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
| 39 | Separate vote on recital M | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: The Left |
| 40 | Recital M — part 2 A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – recital M/2 Part voted on: “those words” | Roll call | 485 for, 99 against, 13 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left |
| 41 | Final vote — text as a whole A10-0226/2025 – Thijs Reuten, Nina Carberry – Motion for a resolution (as a whole) | Roll call | 490 for, 41 against, 74 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
Roll calls requested by The Left, Patriots, ESN · split votes by The Left (3), Greens, Patriots (6) · separate votes by Patriots.
Text
The text voted on.
AI: What this vote decides Written by AI from the official text — check the source
The European Parliament adopted a resolution on the implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement, which sets the framework for post-Brexit relations.
The resolution covers trade, energy, security, fisheries, transport, and social security coordination, and stresses the need for full implementation of existing agreements.
Parliament also supports closer EU-UK cooperation in foreign policy, security, and defence, as outlined in the May 2025 summit outcomes.
AI: The text in short Written by AI from the official text — check the source
This resolution assesses the implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA), covering trade, fisheries, energy, transport, social security, and cooperation on foreign policy and security.
Dossier
Where the dossier stands and its other decisions in plenary.
2024/2108(INI) · Own-initiative report
Parliament adopted the text on 27 November 2025. This is its final position on the matter.
Show the 5 steps of the dossier
- Referred to committee · 28 November 2024 (done)
- Committee work · Report adopted 4 November 2025 (done)
- Tabled for plenary · 11 November 2025 (done)
- Plenary vote · Adopted 27 November 2025 (done)
- Parliament’s position · Final (done)
Lead committee: INTA · Authors: Thijs REUTEN (S&D), Nina CARBERRY (EPP)
Connections
What this decision touches: the procedural chain, the same text, running issues, votes that split the chamber the same way.
Show 6 connections: Running issue: EU-UK relations
Running issue: EU-UK relations
- Issue EU-UK relations Running issue · Agreement 16 Sept 2026
- Decision EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws International agreement · report by Eero Heinäluoma 16 Sept 2026 Consent given
- Decision EU-Pakistan Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV International agreement · report by Saskia Bricmont 17 Jun 2026 Consent given
- Decision EU-China Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV International agreement · report by Jérémy Decerle 26 Mar 2026 Consent given
- Decision Brexit Adjustment Reserve New EU law · report by Pascal Arimont 16 Dec 2025 Passed
- Decision The United Kingdom accession to the Convention of 2 July 2019 on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments in Civil or Commercial Matters Resolution · motion for a resolution 19 Jun 2025 Adopted
Sources & citation
Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.
- Official sources
- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 25 September 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement”. Decision, 27 November 2025. votingId 181486, document A-10-2025-0226, reference 2024/2108(INI). EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-27/7 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official sources: Roll-call votes, sitting of 27 November 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-RCV_EN.html; Results of votes, sitting of 27 November 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-VOT_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-11-27, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meetings/MTG-PL-2025-11-27/decisions?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-decision-2025-11-27-7,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-11-27},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-27/7}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-27/7},
urldate = {2026-09-25},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Decision. votingId 181486, document A-10-2025-0226, reference 2024/2108(INI). Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-RCV\_EN.html, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-27-VOT\_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-11-27 (CC BY 4.0)}
}