Decision · Objection under Rule 115(2) and (3) · implementing measure
Genetically modified maize MON 87427
- Effect
- Objection passed
- Result
- 426 for · 157 against · 17 abstained roll call
- Date
- 25 November 2025, 13:00
- Kind
- Objection to a Commission measure
More facts (10)
- Margin
- by a large majority
- Counts are for
- the objection
- Dossier
- 2025/2897(RSP)
- Source
- Motion for a resolution
- Topics
- Agriculture, food & fisheries Assigned by a model, not checked by hand.
- Votes
- 1 vote · 1 roll call
- Requested by
- The Left (1 roll call)
- Sitting
- Tuesday 25 November 2025
- Final vote
- 181831
Result
The final vote and what it means for this kind of decision.
Final vote: 426 for, 157 against, 17 abstained (roll call).
Objection passed by a large majority.
The objection passed. For an implementing measure it is not legally binding: the Commission is asked to withdraw the measure but can still adopt it.
Backed by The Left, Greens, S&D, ECR, Patriots and ESN; opposed by Renew and EPP.
Groups
| Group | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Majority line | Clear line | Cohesion | Bar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Left | For 34 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 12 of 46 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| Greens | For 45 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 8 of 53 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| S&D | For 106 | Against 0 | Abst. 4 | No vote 26 of 136 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.95 | |
| Renew | For 30 | Against 35 | Abst. 0 | No vote 10 of 75 | Majority line Against | Clear line Divided | Cohesion 0.31 | |
| EPP | For 53 | Against 105 | Abst. 3 | No vote 27 of 188 | Majority line Against | Clear line Divided | Cohesion 0.48 | |
| ECR | For 53 | Against 13 | Abst. 0 | No vote 13 of 79 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.70 | |
| Patriots | For 61 | Against 4 | Abst. 9 | No vote 11 of 85 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.74 | |
| ESN | For 19 | Against 0 | Abst. 1 | No vote 7 of 27 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.93 | |
| No group | For 25 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 5 of 30 | Majority line — | Clear line No line | Cohesion — |
Members who changed group are counted in the group of the day: Branko GRIMS changed group, Elena YONCHEVA changed group, Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group, Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group, Jessika VAN LEEUWEN changed group, Laurent CASTILLO changed group, Lukas SIEPER changed group, Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group, Nikolas FARANTOURIS changed group, Pina PICIERNO changed group, Roberto VANNACCI changed group, Sander SMIT changed group, Taner KABILOV changed group.
Voted against their group, 31
Members who voted otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds of the votes cast, at least 10 members voting) of the group they sat in that day. A group without a clear line is divided and not counted.
S&D line For · 4 abstained of 110 who voted
Abstained (4)
- Christel SCHALDEMOSE Denmark
- Marianne VIND Denmark
- Marina KALJURAND Estonia
- Vytenis Povilas ANDRIUKAITIS Lithuania
ECR line For · 13 voted against of 66 who voted
Voted against (13)
- Alexandr VONDRA Czechia
- Assita KANKO Belgium
- Beatrice TIMGREN Sweden
- Charlie WEIMERS Sweden
- Dick ERIXON Sweden
- Gheorghe PIPEREA Romania
- Johan VAN OVERTVELDT Belgium
- Kris VAN DIJCK Belgium
- Kristoffer STORM Denmark
- Nora JUNCO GARCÍA Spain
- Ondřej KRUTÍLEK Czechia
- Sebastian TYNKKYNEN Finland
- Veronika VRECIONOVÁ Czechia
Patriots line For · 4 voted against, 9 abstained of 74 who voted
Voted against (4)
- Hermann TERTSCH Spain
- Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA Spain
- Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS Spain
- Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL Spain
Abstained (9)
- Antonín STANĚK Czechia
- Jana NAGYOVÁ Czechia
- Jaroslav BŽOCH Czechia
- Jaroslav KNOT Czechia
- Jaroslava POKORNÁ JERMANOVÁ Czechia
- Klara DOSTALOVA Czechia
- Nikola BARTŮŠEK Czechia
- Ondřej KNOTEK Czechia
- Tomáš KUBÍN Czechia
ESN line For · 1 abstained of 20 who voted
Abstained (1)
- Volker SCHNURRBUSCH Germany
Countries
The final vote by national delegation.
Votes by country (27 delegations)
| Country | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Cohesion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 18 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.92 |
| Belgium | 13 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0.43 |
| Bulgaria | 12 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0.79 |
| Cyprus | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Czechia | 5 | 7 | 9 | 0 | 0.14 |
| Germany | 52 | 30 | 1 | 13 | 0.44 |
| Denmark | 5 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0.19 |
| Estonia | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | — |
| Spain | 22 | 22 | 0 | 16 | 0.25 |
| Finland | 7 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0.31 |
| France | 66 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1.00 |
| Greece | 17 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.00 |
| Croatia | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.88 |
| Hungary | 18 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.00 |
| Ireland | 4 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0.50 |
| Italy | 49 | 8 | 0 | 19 | 0.79 |
| Lithuania | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | — |
| Luxembourg | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Latvia | 5 | 3 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Malta | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | — |
| Netherlands | 18 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 0.54 |
| Poland | 33 | 9 | 2 | 9 | 0.63 |
| Portugal | 7 | 8 | 0 | 6 | 0.30 |
| Romania | 16 | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0.36 |
| Sweden | 9 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0.33 |
| Slovenia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Slovakia | 11 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.00 |
Members
Each member’s recorded position on the final roll call, in the group they sat in that day. Filter by country, group, position or name.
600 members with a recorded position.
| Member | Country | Group | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abir AL-SAHLANI | Sweden | Renew | Against |
| Adam BIELAN | Poland | ECR | For |
| Adina VĂLEAN | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Adnan DIBRANI | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Adrián VÁZQUEZ LÁZARA | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Adrian-George AXINIA | Romania | ECR | For |
| Afroditi LATINOPOULOU | Greece | Patriots | For |
| Aleksandar NIKOLIC | France | Patriots | For |
| Alessandra MORETTI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Alessandro CIRIANI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Alessandro ZAN | Italy | S&D | For |
| Alex AGIUS SALIBA | Malta | S&D | For |
| Alexander BERNHUBER | Austria | EPP | For |
| Alexander JUNGBLUTH | Germany | ESN | For |
| Alexander SELL | Germany | ESN | For |
| Alexandr VONDRA voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | ECR | Against |
| Alexandra GEESE | Germany | Greens | For |
| Alice KUHNKE | Sweden | Greens | For |
| Alice TEODORESCU MÅWE | Sweden | EPP | Against |
| Alicia HOMS GINEL | Spain | S&D | For |
| Alvise PÉREZ | Spain | No group | For |
| Ana Catarina MENDES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Ana Miguel PEDRO | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Ana MIRANDA PAZ | Spain | Greens | For |
| Ana VASCONCELOS | Portugal | Renew | Against |
| Anders VISTISEN | Denmark | Patriots | For |
| Andi CRISTEA | Romania | S&D | For |
| András LÁSZLÓ | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| András Tivadar KULJA | Hungary | EPP | For |
| André ROUGÉ | France | Patriots | For |
| Andrea WECHSLER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Andreas GLÜCK | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Andreas SCHIEDER | Austria | S&D | For |
| Andreas SCHWAB | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Andrey KOVATCHEV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Andrey NOVAKOV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Andrzej HALICKI | Poland | EPP | For |
| Angelika NIEBLER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Angelika WINZIG | Austria | EPP | For |
| Angéline FURET | France | Patriots | For |
| Anna BRYŁKA | Poland | Patriots | For |
| Anna CAVAZZINI | Germany | Greens | For |
| Anna Maria CISINT | Italy | Patriots | For |
| Anna STROLENBERG | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Anna STÜRGKH | Austria | Renew | Against |
| Anna ZALEWSKA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON | Finland | Renew | Against |
| Annalisa CORRADO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Annamária VICSEK | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Anne-Sophie FRIGOUT | France | Patriots | For |
| Anthony SMITH | France | The Left | For |
| Antonella SBERNA | Italy | ECR | For |
| Antonín STANĚK voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE | Spain | EPP | Against |
| António TÂNGER CORRÊA | Portugal | Patriots | For |
| Arash SAEIDI | France | The Left | For |
| Arba KOKALARI | Sweden | EPP | Against |
| Arkadiusz MULARCZYK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Arno BAUSEMER | Germany | ESN | For |
| Asger CHRISTENSEN | Denmark | Renew | Against |
| Assita KANKO voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Belgium | ECR | Against |
| Auke ZIJLSTRA | Netherlands | Patriots | For |
| Aura SALLA | Finland | EPP | Against |
| Axel VOSS | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Barbara BONTE | Belgium | Patriots | For |
| Barry ANDREWS | Ireland | Renew | Against |
| Barry COWEN | Ireland | Renew | Against |
| Bart GROOTHUIS | Netherlands | Renew | Against |
| Bartłomiej SIENKIEWICZ | Poland | EPP | Abstained |
| Bas EICKHOUT | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Beata SZYDŁO | Poland | ECR | For |
| Beatrice TIMGREN voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Sweden | ECR | Against |
| Benedetta SCUDERI | Italy | Greens | For |
| Bernard GUETTA | France | Renew | For |
| Bernd LANGE | Germany | S&D | For |
| Bert-Jan RUISSEN | Netherlands | ECR | For |
| Biljana BORZAN | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Billy KELLEHER | Ireland | Renew | Against |
| Birgit SIPPEL | Germany | S&D | For |
| Bogdan Andrzej ZDROJEWSKI | Poland | EPP | Abstained |
| Bogdan RZOŃCA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Borja GIMÉNEZ LARRAZ | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Brando BENIFEI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Branko GRIMS | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Brigitte VAN DEN BERG | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Bruno GONÇALVES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Bruno TOBBACK | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Camilla LAURETI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Carlo CICCIOLI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Carlo FIDANZA | Italy | ECR | For |
| Carolina MORACE | Italy | The Left | For |
| Catarina VIEIRA | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Caterina CHINNICI | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Catherine GRISET | France | Patriots | For |
| Céline IMART | France | EPP | For |
| Charles GOERENS | Luxembourg | Renew | For |
| Charlie WEIMERS voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Sweden | ECR | Against |
| Chiara GEMMA | Italy | ECR | For |
| Christel SCHALDEMOSE voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Denmark | S&D | Abstained |
| Christian EHLER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Christine ANDERSON | Germany | ESN | For |
| Christine SCHNEIDER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Christine SINGER | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Christophe BAY | France | Patriots | For |
| Christophe CLERGEAU | France | S&D | For |
| Christophe GOMART | France | EPP | For |
| Christophe GRUDLER | France | Renew | For |
| Ciaran MULLOOLY | Ireland | Renew | Against |
| Claire FITA | France | S&D | For |
| Claudiu-Richard TÂRZIU | Romania | ECR | For |
| Costas MAVRIDES | Cyprus | S&D | For |
| Cristian TERHEŞ | Romania | ECR | For |
| Cristina GUARDA | Italy | Greens | For |
| Cristina MAESTRE | Spain | S&D | For |
| Csaba DÖMÖTÖR | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Csaba MOLNÁR | Hungary | S&D | For |
| Cynthia NÍ MHURCHÚ | Ireland | Renew | Against |
| Dainius ŽALIMAS | Lithuania | Renew | Against |
| Damian BOESELAGER | Germany | Greens | For |
| Damien CARÊME | France | The Left | For |
| Dan BARNA | Romania | Renew | Against |
| Dan NICA | Romania | S&D | For |
| Dan-Ştefan MOTREANU | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Daniel BUDA | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Daniel CASPARY | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Daniel FREUND | Germany | Greens | For |
| Daniele POLATO | Italy | ECR | For |
| Danuše NERUDOVÁ | Czechia | EPP | Against |
| Dario NARDELLA | Italy | S&D | For |
| Dario TAMBURRANO | Italy | The Left | For |
| Dariusz JOŃSKI | Poland | EPP | Against |
| David CASA | Malta | EPP | Against |
| David CORMAND | France | Greens | For |
| David MCALLISTER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Davor Ivo STIER | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Delara BURKHARDT | Germany | S&D | For |
| Denis NESCI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Dennis RADTKE | Germany | EPP | For |
| Diana IOVANOVICI ŞOŞOACĂ | Romania | No group | For |
| Diana RIBA I GINER | Spain | Greens | For |
| Dick ERIXON voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Sweden | ECR | Against |
| Dimitris TSIODRAS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Dirk GOTINK | Netherlands | EPP | Against |
| Dominik TARCZYŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Dóra DÁVID | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Dragoş BENEA | Romania | S&D | For |
| Elena KOUNTOURA | Greece | The Left | For |
| Elena NEVADO DEL CAMPO | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Elena SANCHO MURILLO | Spain | S&D | For |
| Elena YONCHEVA | Bulgaria | No group | For |
| Eleonora MELETI | Greece | EPP | For |
| Elio DI RUPO | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Elisabeth DIERINGER | Austria | Patriots | For |
| Elisabeth GROSSMANN | Austria | S&D | For |
| Elisabetta GUALMINI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Elissavet VOZEMBERG-VRIONIDI | Greece | EPP | For |
| Elsi KATAINEN | Finland | Renew | Against |
| Elżbieta Katarzyna ŁUKACIJEWSKA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Emil RADEV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Emma FOURREAU | France | The Left | For |
| Emma WIESNER | Sweden | Renew | Against |
| Emmanouil FRAGKOS | Greece | ECR | For |
| Engin EROGLU | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Enikő GYŐRI | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Eric SARGIACOMO | France | S&D | For |
| Erik KALIŇÁK | Slovakia | No group | For |
| Erik MARQUARDT | Germany | Greens | For |
| Ernő SCHALLER-BAROSS | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Esteban GONZÁLEZ PONS | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Estelle CEULEMANS | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Estrella GALÁN | Spain | The Left | For |
| Eszter LAKOS | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Evelyn REGNER | Austria | S&D | For |
| Evin INCIR | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Ewa KOPACZ | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK | Poland | ESN | For |
| Fabienne KELLER | France | Renew | For |
| Fabio DE MASI | Germany | No group | For |
| Fabrice LEGGERI | France | Patriots | For |
| Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Fidias PANAYIOTOU | Cyprus | No group | For |
| Flavio TOSI | Italy | EPP | Against |
| France JAMET | France | Patriots | For |
| Francesco TORSELLI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Francesco VENTOLA | Italy | ECR | For |
| Francisco José MILLÁN MON | Spain | EPP | Against |
| François KALFON | France | S&D | For |
| François-Xavier BELLAMY | France | EPP | For |
| Fredis BELERIS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Friedrich PÜRNER | Germany | No group | For |
| Gabriel MATO | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Gabriele BISCHOFF | Germany | S&D | For |
| Gabriella GERZSENYI | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Gaetano PEDULLA' | Italy | The Left | For |
| Galato ALEXANDRAKI | Greece | ECR | For |
| Geadis GEADI | Cyprus | ECR | For |
| Georg MAYER | Austria | Patriots | For |
| Georgiana TEODORESCU | Romania | ECR | For |
| Georgios AFTIAS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Gerald HAUSER | Austria | Patriots | For |
| Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Gerolf ANNEMANS | Belgium | Patriots | For |
| Gheorghe FALCĂ | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Gheorghe PIPEREA voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Romania | ECR | Against |
| Gilles BOYER | France | Renew | For |
| Gilles PENNELLE | France | Patriots | For |
| Giorgio GORI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Giorgos GEORGIOU | Cyprus | The Left | For |
| Giuseppe ANTOCI | Italy | The Left | For |
| Giuseppe LUPO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Giuseppe MILAZZO | Italy | ECR | For |
| Giusi PRINCI | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Gordan BOSANAC | Croatia | Greens | For |
| Grégory ALLIONE | France | Renew | For |
| Grzegorz BRAUN | Poland | No group | For |
| Günther SIDL | Austria | S&D | For |
| Hana JALLOUL MURO | Spain | S&D | For |
| Hanna GRONKIEWICZ-WALTZ | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Hannes HEIDE | Austria | S&D | For |
| Hans NEUHOFF | Germany | ESN | For |
| Harald VILIMSKY | Austria | Patriots | For |
| Hélder SOUSA SILVA | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Heléne FRITZON | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Henrik DAHL | Denmark | EPP | Against |
| Herbert DORFMANN | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Hermann TERTSCH voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Spain | Patriots | Against |
| Hilde VAUTMANS | Belgium | Renew | Against |
| Hristo PETROV | Bulgaria | Renew | For |
| Idoia MENDIA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Ignazio Roberto MARINO | Italy | Greens | For |
| Ilaria SALIS | Italy | The Left | For |
| Ilhan KYUCHYUK | Bulgaria | Renew | For |
| Ilia LAZAROV | Bulgaria | EPP | For |
| Inese VAIDERE | Latvia | EPP | Against |
| Ingeborg TER LAAK | Netherlands | EPP | Against |
| Ioan-Rareş BOGDAN | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Irena JOVEVA | Slovenia | Renew | For |
| Irene MONTERO | Spain | The Left | For |
| Irmhild BOSSDORF | Germany | ESN | For |
| Isabel BENJUMEA BENJUMEA | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Isabel WISELER-LIMA | Luxembourg | EPP | For |
| Isabella LÖVIN | Sweden | Greens | For |
| Isabella TOVAGLIERI | Italy | Patriots | For |
| Isabelle LE CALLENNEC | France | EPP | For |
| Iuliu WINKLER | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Ivan DAVID | Czechia | ESN | For |
| Ivars IJABS | Latvia | Renew | Against |
| Ivaylo VALCHEV | Bulgaria | ECR | For |
| Jaak MADISON | Estonia | ECR | For |
| Jacek OZDOBA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Jacek PROTAS | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Jan FARSKÝ | Czechia | EPP | For |
| Jan-Christoph OETJEN | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Jan-Peter WARNKE | Germany | No group | For |
| Jana NAGYOVÁ voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Jana TOOM | Estonia | Renew | For |
| Jaroslav BŽOCH voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Jaroslav KNOT voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Jaroslava POKORNÁ JERMANOVÁ voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Javi LÓPEZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Javier MORENO SÁNCHEZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Javier ZARZALEJOS | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Jean-Marc GERMAIN | France | S&D | For |
| Jean-Paul GARRAUD | France | Patriots | For |
| Jeannette BALJEU | Netherlands | Renew | Against |
| Jens GEIER | Germany | S&D | For |
| Jens GIESEKE | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Jeroen LENAERS | Netherlands | EPP | Against |
| Jessica POLFJÄRD | Sweden | EPP | Against |
| Jessika VAN LEEUWEN | Netherlands | EPP | Against |
| Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Joachim STREIT | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Joanna SCHEURING-WIELGUS | Poland | S&D | For |
| João OLIVEIRA | Portugal | The Left | For |
| Johan DANIELSSON | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Johan VAN OVERTVELDT voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Belgium | ECR | Against |
| Jonás FERNÁNDEZ | Spain | S&D | For |
| Jonas SJÖSTEDT | Sweden | The Left | For |
| Jordan BARDELLA | France | Patriots | For |
| Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Spain | Patriots | Against |
| Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Spain | Patriots | Against |
| Jörgen WARBORN | Sweden | EPP | Against |
| Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Spain | Patriots | Against |
| Juan Fernando LÓPEZ AGUILAR | Spain | S&D | For |
| Juan Ignacio ZOIDO ÁLVAREZ | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Judita LAŠŠÁKOVÁ | Slovakia | No group | For |
| Julie RECHAGNEUX | France | Patriots | For |
| Julien LEONARDELLI | France | Patriots | For |
| Julien SANCHEZ | France | Patriots | For |
| Jüri RATAS | Estonia | EPP | Against |
| Jussi SARAMO | Finland | The Left | For |
| Jutta PAULUS | Germany | Greens | For |
| Kai TEGETHOFF | Germany | Greens | For |
| Kamila GASIUK-PIHOWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Karin KARLSBRO | Sweden | Renew | Against |
| Karlo RESSLER | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Katarina BARLEY | Germany | S&D | For |
| Katarína ROTH NEVEĎALOVÁ | Slovakia | No group | For |
| Kateřina KONEČNÁ | Czechia | No group | For |
| Kathleen FUNCHION | Ireland | The Left | For |
| Kathleen VAN BREMPT | Belgium | S&D | For |
| Katrin LANGENSIEPEN | Germany | Greens | For |
| Kim VAN SPARRENTAK | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Kinga GÁL | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Kinga KOLLÁR | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Kira Marie PETER-HANSEN | Denmark | Greens | For |
| Klára DOBREV | Hungary | S&D | For |
| Klara DOSTALOVA voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Kostas PAPADAKIS | Greece | No group | For |
| Kris VAN DIJCK voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Belgium | ECR | Against |
| Kristian VIGENIN | Bulgaria | S&D | For |
| Kristoffer STORM voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Denmark | ECR | Against |
| Krzysztof BREJZA | Poland | EPP | For |
| Krzysztof HETMAN | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Krzysztof ŚMISZEK | Poland | S&D | For |
| Lara WOLTERS | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Laurence FARRENG | France | Renew | For |
| Laurence TROCHU | France | ECR | For |
| Laurent CASTILLO | France | EPP | For |
| Lefteris NIKOLAOU-ALAVANOS | Greece | No group | For |
| Leila CHAIBI | France | The Left | For |
| Lena SCHILLING | Austria | Greens | For |
| Letizia MORATTI | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Li ANDERSSON | Finland | The Left | For |
| Lídia PEREIRA | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Liesbet SOMMEN | Belgium | EPP | Against |
| Liudas MAŽYLIS | Lithuania | EPP | Against |
| Loránt VINCZE | Romania | EPP | For |
| Loucas FOURLAS | Cyprus | EPP | For |
| Ľubica KARVAŠOVÁ | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Ľuboš BLAHA | Slovakia | No group | For |
| Lucia ANNUNZIATA | Italy | S&D | For |
| Luděk NIEDERMAYER | Czechia | EPP | Against |
| Ľudovít ÓDOR | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS | Romania | No group | For |
| Lukas MANDL | Austria | EPP | For |
| Lukas SIEPER | Germany | No group | For |
| Łukasz KOHUT | Poland | EPP | For |
| Luke Ming FLANAGAN | Ireland | The Left | For |
| Lynn BOYLAN | Ireland | The Left | For |
| Maciej WĄSIK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Magdalena ADAMOWICZ | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Malik AZMANI | Netherlands | Renew | Against |
| Manfred WEBER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Manon AUBRY | France | The Left | For |
| Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Marc ANGEL | Luxembourg | S&D | For |
| Marc BOTENGA | Belgium | The Left | For |
| Marc JONGEN | Germany | ESN | For |
| Marcin SYPNIEWSKI | Poland | ESN | For |
| Marco FALCONE | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Marco TARQUINIO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Marcos ROS SEMPERE | Spain | S&D | For |
| Maria GRAPINI | Romania | S&D | For |
| Maria GUZENINA | Finland | S&D | For |
| Maria NOICHL | Germany | S&D | For |
| Maria OHISALO | Finland | Greens | For |
| Maria WALSH | Ireland | EPP | Against |
| Maria ZACHARIA | Greece | No group | For |
| Marianne VIND voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Denmark | S&D | Abstained |
| Mariateresa VIVALDINI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Marie DAUCHY | France | Patriots | For |
| Marie TOUSSAINT | France | Greens | For |
| Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Marie-Luce BRASIER-CLAIN | France | Patriots | For |
| Marieke EHLERS | Netherlands | Patriots | For |
| Marina KALJURAND voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Estonia | S&D | Abstained |
| Marina MESURE | France | The Left | For |
| Marion MARÉCHAL | France | ECR | For |
| Marion WALSMANN | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Marit MAIJ | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Mariusz KAMIŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Marjan ŠAREC | Slovenia | Renew | For |
| Markéta GREGOROVÁ | Czechia | Greens | For |
| Marko VEŠLIGAJ | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Markus BUCHHEIT | Germany | ESN | For |
| Markus FERBER | Germany | EPP | For |
| Marlena MALĄG | Poland | ECR | For |
| Marta TEMIDO | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Marta WCISŁO | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Martin GÜNTHER | Germany | The Left | For |
| Martin HÄUSLING | Germany | Greens | For |
| Martin HOJSÍK | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Martin SCHIRDEWAN | Germany | The Left | For |
| Martin SONNEBORN | Germany | No group | For |
| Martine KEMP | Luxembourg | EPP | For |
| Mārtiņš STAĶIS | Latvia | Greens | For |
| Mary KHAN | Germany | ESN | For |
| Massimiliano SALINI | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Matej TONIN | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Mathilde ANDROUËT | France | Patriots | For |
| Matjaž NEMEC | Slovenia | S&D | For |
| Matteo RICCI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Matthias ECKE | Germany | S&D | For |
| Mélanie DISDIER | France | Patriots | For |
| Merja KYLLÖNEN | Finland | The Left | For |
| Michael BLOSS | Germany | Greens | For |
| Michael GAHLER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Michael MCNAMARA | Ireland | Renew | For |
| Michael VON DER SCHULENBURG | Germany | No group | For |
| Michał DWORCZYK | Poland | ECR | For |
| Michał KOBOSKO | Poland | Renew | For |
| Michał SZCZERBA | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Michał WAWRYKIEWICZ | Poland | EPP | For |
| Michalis HADJIPANTELA | Cyprus | EPP | For |
| Mihai TUDOSE | Romania | S&D | For |
| Mika AALTOLA | Finland | EPP | Against |
| Milan MAZUREK | Slovakia | ESN | For |
| Milan UHRÍK | Slovakia | ESN | For |
| Milan ZVER | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Mircea-Gheorghe HAVA | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Mirosława NYKIEL | Poland | EPP | Against |
| Mohammed CHAHIM | Netherlands | S&D | For |
| Monika BEŇOVÁ | Slovakia | No group | For |
| Monika HOHLMEIER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Moritz KÖRNER | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Morten LØKKEGAARD | Denmark | Renew | Against |
| Mounir SATOURI | France | Greens | For |
| Murielle LAURENT | France | S&D | For |
| Nacho SÁNCHEZ AMOR | Spain | S&D | For |
| Nadine MORANO | France | EPP | For |
| Nathalie LOISEAU | France | Renew | For |
| Nela RIEHL | Germany | Greens | For |
| Niclas HERBST | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Nicola PROCACCINI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Nicola ZINGARETTI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Nicolae ȘTEFĂNUȚĂ | Romania | Greens | For |
| Nicolas BAY | France | ECR | For |
| Nicolás GONZÁLEZ CASARES | Spain | S&D | For |
| Niels Flemming HANSEN | Denmark | EPP | Against |
| Niels GEUKING | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Nikola BARTŮŠEK voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Nikola MINCHEV | Bulgaria | Renew | Against |
| Nikolas FARANTOURIS | Greece | The Left | For |
| Nikolina BRNJAC | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Nikos PAPANDREOU | Greece | S&D | For |
| Nils UŠAKOVS | Latvia | S&D | For |
| Nina CARBERRY | Ireland | EPP | Against |
| Nora JUNCO GARCÍA voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Spain | ECR | Against |
| Nora MEBAREK | France | S&D | For |
| Norbert LINS | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Oihane AGIRREGOITIA MARTÍNEZ | Spain | Renew | For |
| Oliver SCHENK | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Olivier CHASTEL | Belgium | Renew | Against |
| Ondřej DOSTÁL | Czechia | No group | For |
| Ondřej KNOTEK voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Ondřej KOLÁŘ | Czechia | EPP | Against |
| Ondřej KRUTÍLEK voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | ECR | Against |
| Özlem DEMIREL | Germany | The Left | For |
| Pablo ARIAS ECHEVERRÍA | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Pál SZEKERES | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Paolo BORCHIA | Italy | Patriots | For |
| Paolo INSELVINI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Pär HOLMGREN | Sweden | Greens | For |
| Pascal ARIMONT | Belgium | EPP | For |
| Pascal CANFIN | France | Renew | For |
| Pascale PIERA | France | Patriots | For |
| Pasquale TRIDICO | Italy | The Left | For |
| Patryk JAKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Paulius SAUDARGAS | Lithuania | EPP | Against |
| Paulo CUNHA | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Paulo DO NASCIMENTO CABRAL | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Pekka TOVERI | Finland | EPP | Against |
| Per CLAUSEN | Denmark | The Left | For |
| Petar VOLGIN | Bulgaria | ESN | For |
| Peter LIESE | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Petr BYSTRON | Germany | ESN | For |
| Petra STEGER | Austria | Patriots | For |
| Petras AUŠTREVIČIUS | Lithuania | Renew | For |
| Philippe OLIVIER | France | Patriots | For |
| Pierfrancesco MARAN | Italy | S&D | For |
| Pierre JOUVET | France | S&D | For |
| Pierre PIMPIE | France | Patriots | For |
| Pierre-Romain THIONNET | France | Patriots | For |
| Pietro FIOCCHI | Italy | ECR | For |
| Pilar DEL CASTILLO VERA | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Pina PICIERNO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Piotr MÜLLER | Poland | ECR | For |
| Rachel BLOM | Netherlands | Patriots | For |
| Radan KANEV | Bulgaria | EPP | Abstained |
| Raffaele STANCANELLI | Italy | Patriots | For |
| Ralf SEEKATZ | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Raphaël GLUCKSMANN | France | S&D | For |
| Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE | Netherlands | Renew | For |
| Rasa JUKNEVIČIENĖ | Lithuania | EPP | Against |
| Rasmus ANDRESEN | Germany | Greens | For |
| Rasmus NORDQVIST | Denmark | Greens | For |
| Raúl DE LA HOZ QUINTANO | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Reinhold LOPATKA | Austria | EPP | For |
| Reinier VAN LANSCHOT | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Reinis POZŅAKS | Latvia | ECR | For |
| René REPASI | Germany | S&D | For |
| Rihards KOLS | Latvia | ECR | For |
| Riho TERRAS | Estonia | EPP | Against |
| Robert BIEDROŃ | Poland | S&D | For |
| Roberto VANNACCI | Italy | Patriots | For |
| Rody TOLASSY | France | Patriots | For |
| Roman HAIDER | Austria | Patriots | For |
| Romana JERKOVIĆ | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Romana TOMC | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Rosa SERRANO SIERRA | Spain | S&D | For |
| Rudi KENNES | Belgium | The Left | For |
| Ruth FIRMENICH | Germany | No group | For |
| Sabine VERHEYEN | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Sabrina REPP | Germany | S&D | For |
| Sakis ARNAOUTOGLOU | Greece | S&D | For |
| Salvatore DE MEO | Italy | EPP | Against |
| Sandra KALNIETE | Latvia | EPP | Against |
| Sandro RUOTOLO | Italy | S&D | For |
| Sara MATTHIEU | Belgium | Greens | For |
| Saskia BRICMONT | Belgium | Greens | For |
| Seán KELLY | Ireland | EPP | Against |
| Sebastian EVERDING | Germany | The Left | For |
| Sebastian KRUIS | Netherlands | Patriots | For |
| Sebastian TYNKKYNEN voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Finland | ECR | Against |
| Sebastião BUGALHO | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Şerban Dimitrie STURDZA | Romania | ECR | For |
| Sergey LAGODINSKY | Germany | Greens | For |
| Sergio BERLATO | Italy | ECR | For |
| Sérgio GONÇALVES | Portugal | S&D | For |
| Sérgio HUMBERTO | Portugal | EPP | Against |
| Séverine WERBROUCK | France | Patriots | For |
| Siegbert Frank DROESE | Germany | ESN | For |
| Siegfried MUREŞAN | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Sigrid FRIIS | Denmark | Renew | For |
| Sirpa PIETIKÄINEN | Finland | EPP | For |
| Sofie ERIKSSON | Sweden | S&D | For |
| Sophia KIRCHER | Austria | EPP | For |
| Sophie WILMÈS | Belgium | Renew | Against |
| Stefan KÖHLER | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Ştefan MUŞOIU | Romania | S&D | For |
| Stefano BONACCINI | Italy | S&D | For |
| Stefano CAVEDAGNA | Italy | ECR | For |
| Stéphanie YON-COURTIN | France | Renew | For |
| Stephen Nikola BARTULICA | Croatia | ECR | For |
| Stine BOSSE | Denmark | Renew | Against |
| Sunčana GLAVAK | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ | Spain | EPP | Against |
| Susanna CECCARDI | Italy | Patriots | For |
| Sven MIKSER | Estonia | S&D | For |
| Svenja HAHN | Germany | Renew | Against |
| Tamás DEUTSCH | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Taner KABILOV | Bulgaria | No group | For |
| Thomas BAJADA | Malta | S&D | For |
| Thomas GEISEL | Germany | No group | For |
| Thomas PELLERIN-CARLIN | France | S&D | For |
| Thomas WAITZ | Austria | Greens | For |
| Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ | Portugal | Patriots | For |
| Tilly METZ | Luxembourg | Greens | For |
| Tineke STRIK | Netherlands | Greens | For |
| Tobias CREMER | Germany | S&D | For |
| Tobiasz BOCHEŃSKI | Poland | ECR | For |
| Tom BERENDSEN | Netherlands | EPP | Against |
| Tom VANDENDRIESSCHE | Belgium | Patriots | For |
| Tomáš KUBÍN voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | Patriots | Abstained |
| Tomas TOBÉ | Sweden | EPP | Against |
| Tomáš ZDECHOVSKÝ | Czechia | EPP | Against |
| Tomasz FROELICH | Germany | ESN | For |
| Tomislav SOKOL | Croatia | EPP | For |
| Ton DIEPEVEEN | Netherlands | Patriots | For |
| Tonino PICULA | Croatia | S&D | For |
| Tsvetelina PENKOVA | Bulgaria | S&D | For |
| Udo BULLMANN | Germany | S&D | For |
| Urmas PAET | Estonia | Renew | Against |
| Valentina PALMISANO | Italy | The Left | For |
| Valérie DELOGE | France | Patriots | For |
| Valérie DEVAUX | France | Renew | For |
| Valérie HAYER | France | Renew | For |
| Vangelis MEIMARAKIS | Greece | EPP | For |
| Verena MERTENS | Germany | EPP | Against |
| Veronika CIFROVÁ OSTRIHOŇOVÁ | Slovakia | Renew | For |
| Veronika VRECIONOVÁ voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Czechia | ECR | Against |
| Vicent MARZÀ IBÁÑEZ | Spain | Greens | For |
| Victor NEGRESCU | Romania | S&D | For |
| Viktória FERENC | Hungary | Patriots | For |
| Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ | Lithuania | S&D | For |
| Vilis KRIŠTOPANS | Latvia | Patriots | For |
| Ville NIINISTÖ | Finland | Greens | For |
| Virgil-Daniel POPESCU | Romania | EPP | Against |
| Virginie JORON | France | Patriots | For |
| Virginijus SINKEVIČIUS | Lithuania | Greens | For |
| Vivien COSTANZO | Germany | S&D | For |
| Vlad VASILE-VOICULESCU | Romania | Renew | Against |
| Volker SCHNURRBUSCH voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Germany | ESN | Abstained |
| Vytenis Povilas ANDRIUKAITIS voted otherwise than their group's clear line | Lithuania | S&D | Abstained |
| Waldemar BUDA | Poland | ECR | For |
| Waldemar TOMASZEWSKI | Lithuania | ECR | For |
| Wouter BEKE | Belgium | EPP | Against |
| Yannis MANIATIS | Greece | S&D | For |
| Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE | Belgium | Renew | For |
| Zala ČERNILEC TOMAŠIČ | Slovenia | EPP | For |
| Željana ZOVKO | Croatia | EPP | Against |
| Zoltán TARR | Hungary | EPP | For |
| Zsuzsanna BORVENDÉG | Hungary | ESN | For |
Debate speakers and how they voted
| Member | Group | Speeches | Spoke | Final vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roberts ZĪLE Latvia | ECR | Speeches1 | 25 Nov 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | No vote recorded |
All votes on this decision, 1
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Final vote on the motion for a resolution B10-0491/2025 – Motion for a resolution | Roll call | 426 for, 157 against, 17 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left |
Roll call requested by The Left.
Text
The text voted on.
AI: What this vote decides Written by AI from the official text — check the source
Parliament objected to the Commission's draft decision renewing the authorisation of genetically modified maize MON 87427 for food, feed, and other uses except cultivation.
The objection was adopted, so the Commission measure is blocked and the authorisation renewal cannot go ahead.
Parliament calls on the Commission to withdraw the draft decision and not to renew the authorisation, citing risks from glyphosate use and insufficient long-term evidence.
It also asks the Commission to propose reforming the GMO decision-making procedure to address Parliament's objections and the lack of qualified majority among member states.
AI: The text in short Written by AI from the official text — check the source
Parliament objects to the Commission's draft decision renewing authorisation for genetically modified maize MON 87427, citing risks from glyphosate use and insufficient long-term evidence.
Dossier
Where the dossier stands and its other decisions in plenary.
2025/2897(RSP) · Resolution on a topical subject
Objection pursuant to Rule 115(2) and (3) of the Rules of Procedure to the draft Commission Implementing Decision renewing the authorisation for the placing on the market of products containing, consisting of or produced from genetically modified maize MON 87427, pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council
Parliament adopted the text on 25 November 2025. This is its final position on the matter.
Show the 3 steps of the dossier
- Tabled for plenary (done)
- Plenary vote · Adopted 25 November 2025 (done)
- Parliament’s position · Final (done)
Lead committee: ENVI · Authors: Biljana BORZAN (S&D), Martin HÄUSLING (Greens), Anja HAZEKAMP (The Left)
Connections
What this decision touches: the procedural chain, the same text, running issues, votes that split the chamber the same way.
Show 9 connections: Other decisions of the part-session on ENVI dossiers · Final votes that split the chamber the same way
Other decisions of the part-session on ENVI dossiers
- Decision Genetically modified maize DAS1131 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified cotton MON 88913 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified oilseed rape MON 88302 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified soybean MON 87708 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
Final votes that split the chamber the same way
- Decision Genetically modified soybean MON 87708 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified oilseed rape MON 88302 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified maize DAS1131 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified cotton MON 88913 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 25 Nov 2025 Objection passed
- Decision Genetically modified cotton T304-40 Objection to a Commission measure · motion for a resolution 11 Feb 2026 Objection passed
Sources & citation
Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.
- Official sources
- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 25 September 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “Genetically modified maize MON 87427”. Decision, 25 November 2025. votingId 181831, document B-10-2025-0491, reference 2025/2897(RSP). EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-25/8?members=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official sources: Roll-call votes, sitting of 25 November 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-25-RCV_EN.html; Results of votes, sitting of 25 November 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-25-VOT_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-11-25, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meetings/MTG-PL-2025-11-25/decisions?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-decision-2025-11-25-8,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{Genetically modified maize MON 87427}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-11-25},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-25/8?members=all}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-11-25/8?members=all},
urldate = {2026-09-25},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Decision. votingId 181831, document B-10-2025-0491, reference 2025/2897(RSP). Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-25-RCV\_EN.html, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-11-25-VOT\_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-11-25 (CC BY 4.0)}
}