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Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Rada LAYKOVA

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes293All roll calls2 891
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Rada LAYKOVA only. Show every member

Rada LAYKOVA’s votes against the line, 49

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
18 Dec 2025Separate vote on recital H Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAbstainedForESN
18 Dec 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 9 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaForAgainstESN
18 Dec 2025Amendment 3 to paragraph 4 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAgainstForESN
22 Oct 2025Amendment 10 to paragraph 12 Polarisation and increased repression in Serbia, one year after the Novi Sad tragedyForAbstainedESN
9 Oct 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 5 Second World Summit for Social DevelopmentAgainstForESN
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP51291AgainstForESN
8 Oct 2025Amendment 139 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainAbstainedForESN
8 Oct 2025Amendment 24 Amending certain CAP regulations as regards the conditionality system, types of intervention in the form of direct payment, types of intervention in certain sectors and rural development and annual performance reports, data and interoperability governance, suspensions of payments annual performance clearance and controls and penaltiesAbstainedForESN
8 Oct 2025Amendment 21 Amending certain CAP regulations as regards the conditionality system, types of intervention in the form of direct payment, types of intervention in certain sectors and rural development and annual performance reports, data and interoperability governance, suspensions of payments annual performance clearance and controls and penaltiesAbstainedForESN
7 Oct 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Revision of the Visa Suspension MechanismAbstainedForESN
11 Sept 2025Paragraph 35 — part 2 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionAbstainedForESN
10 Sept 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of VanuatuAgainstAbstainedESN
9 Sept 2025Amendment 394 to Article 6, paragraph 1, après l'alinéa 2 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesAgainstForESN
10 Jul 2025Amendment 4, adding text after recital 2 Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 as regards obligations of economic operators concerning battery due diligence policiesAbstainedForESN
9 Jul 2025Paragraph 23 — part 4 Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2025 High-Level Political ForumAbstainedAgainstESN
9 Jul 2025Paragraph 23 — part 3 Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2025 High-Level Political ForumAbstainedAgainstESN
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole (B10-0318/2025) Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that listForAbstainedESN
9 Jul 2025Final vote on motion B10-0316/2025 Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that listForAgainstESN
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole (B10-0315/2025) Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that listForAgainstESN
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 7 — part 3 Security of energy supply in the EUAbstainedAgainstESN
8 May 2025Final vote The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter seasonAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Amendment 7, adding text before paragraph 1 2023 and 2024 reports on SerbiaAgainstForESN
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 102 — part 3 Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedForESN
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Paragraph 40 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceAbstainedAgainstESN
7 May 2025Paragraph 33 — part 1 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceAgainstAbstainedESN
6 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023AgainstForESN
3 Apr 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 39 Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European ParliamentForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 87 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 164 to paragraph 74 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 70 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 45 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 41 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 35 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 30 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 28 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 28 — part 4 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 28 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 28 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 18 to paragraph 28 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForESN
2 Apr 2025Separate vote on paragraph 4, indent 20 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 149 to paragraph 4, indent 20 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 147 to paragraph 4, after indent 8 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForESN
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 4, indent 7 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAbstainedESN
2 Apr 2025Amendment 145 to paragraph 4, indent 7 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForESN
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 24 — part 2 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstESN

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Rada LAYKOVA , ESN · Bulgaria 2.3 %2 15318201132

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257262&to=2025-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Rada LAYKOVA”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257262&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Rada LAYKOVA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257262&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257262&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}