Skip to content
EU Parl WatchResearch
Projects

Analysis

Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Cecilia STRADA

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

Cite
Export
Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes293All roll calls2 891
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Cecilia STRADA only. Show every member

Cecilia STRADA’s votes against the line, 148

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
18 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAbstainedForS&D
18 Dec 2025Separate vote on recital H Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAgainstForS&D
18 Dec 2025Paragraph 11 — part 2 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAgainstForS&D
18 Dec 2025Paragraph 7 — part 2 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaAgainstForS&D
17 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole European Defence Readiness 2030: assessment of needsAgainstForS&D
17 Dec 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Military MobilityAgainstForS&D
16 Dec 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe PlanAgainstForS&D
16 Dec 2025Amendments 64 + 88 (voted as one), adding text after Article 12 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsForAgainstS&D
16 Dec 2025Amendments 36 + 87 (voted as one) to Article 11 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsForAgainstS&D
16 Dec 2025Amendment 61 to Article 6 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsForAgainstS&D
16 Dec 2025Amendment 60 to Article 6 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsForAgainstS&D
16 Dec 2025Amendment 57 to Article 4 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsForAgainstS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 1 EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for UkraineForAgainstS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 1 EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for UkraineForAgainstS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 1 EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for UkraineForAgainstS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 8, adding text after recital B Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAbstainedS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 7, adding text after recital B Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAbstainedS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 9 Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAgainstS&D
27 Nov 2025Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 9 Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAbstainedS&D
27 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForS&D
27 Nov 2025Recital M — part 2 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstForS&D
27 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 262 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForS&D
27 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 260 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForS&D
27 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 259 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForS&D
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 258 — part 4 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstForS&D
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 258 — part 1 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstForS&D
27 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 255 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstForS&D
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 252 — part 6 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstForS&D
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 252 — part 5 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstForS&D
26 Nov 2025Recital J — part 2 Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1818 as regards the definition of prohibited weaponsAgainstForS&D
26 Nov 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1818 as regards the definition of prohibited weaponsForAbstainedS&D
25 Nov 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Enhancing police cooperation in relation to the prevention, detection and investigation of migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings; enhancing Europol’s support to preventing and combating such crimesAbstainedForS&D
25 Nov 2025Proposal to reject the text European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’)AbstainedAgainstS&D
13 Nov 2025Amendment 85 to recital 6 Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT)ForAgainstS&D
13 Nov 2025Amendment 91 to Article 42 Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT)AbstainedAgainstS&D
13 Nov 2025Amendment 35 to Article 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsAgainstForS&D
9 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructureAbstainedForS&D
9 Oct 2025Paragraph 32 — part 2 United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructureAgainstForS&D
9 Oct 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 7 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024ForAgainstS&D
9 Oct 2025Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024ForAgainstS&D
9 Oct 2025Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 5 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024ForAgainstS&D
9 Oct 2025Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 3 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024ForAgainstS&D
9 Oct 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Motion of censure on the CommissionAbstainedAgainstS&D
9 Oct 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Motion of censure on the CommissionAbstainedAgainstS&D
8 Oct 2025Amendment 121, adding text after recital 3 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainAbstainedAgainstS&D
8 Oct 2025Amendment 145 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainForAgainstS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 55, adding text after paragraph 26 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAgainstS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 54, adding text after paragraph 26 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAgainstS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 53, adding text after paragraph 10 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAgainstS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAgainstS&D
Show all 148 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
11 Sept 2025Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionAgainstAbstainedS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAgainstS&D
11 Sept 2025Amendment 28, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAbstainedS&D
9 Sept 2025Final vote — text as a whole 2023 and 2024 reports on UkraineAbstainedForS&D
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansAbstainedForS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 6, adding text after recital U The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAgainstS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 24 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansAgainstForS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 23 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAgainstS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 23 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAgainstS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 20 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAgainstS&D
9 Jul 2025Separate vote on paragraph 18 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansAgainstForS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 9 to paragraph 8 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAgainstS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 3 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAbstainedS&D
9 Jul 2025Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 56 2023 and 2024 reports on AlbaniaAgainstForS&D
9 Jul 2025Separate vote on paragraph 28 2023 and 2024 reports on AlbaniaAgainstForS&D
8 Jul 2025Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 41 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
8 Jul 2025Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 28 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 28 — part 1 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024AgainstForS&D
8 Jul 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 28 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
19 Jun 2025Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 12 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstS&D
19 Jun 2025Amendment 9 to paragraph 8 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstS&D
18 Jun 2025Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 41 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience FacilityAbstainedAgainstS&D
16 Jun 2025Tuesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group Final vote Tuesday’s agenda – Request by The Left GroupAbstainedAgainstS&D
21 May 2025Request by The Left Group Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by The Left GroupForAgainstS&D
8 May 2025Amendment 16 to paragraph 29 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal marketForAbstainedS&D
8 May 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 18 Banking Union – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
8 May 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 3 Competition policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstS&D
8 May 2025Amendment 8, adding text after recital 10 The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter seasonForAgainstS&D
8 May 2025Amendment 2, adding text after recital 8 — part 1 The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter seasonForAgainstS&D
7 May 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 28 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeForAgainstS&D
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: AgenciesAgainstForS&D
7 May 2025Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 143 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAbstainedForS&D
7 May 2025Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 46 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstAbstainedS&D
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AgainstForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 44, adding text after paragraph 30 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 43, adding text after paragraph 29 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 29 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 76 to paragraph 19 — part 1 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AbstainedForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 12 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 4 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 4 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 61, adding text after citation 3 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 86 to paragraph 68 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 132, adding text after paragraph 44 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 79 to paragraph 13 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 77 to paragraph 11 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstForS&D
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 87 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 70 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 51 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 29 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 28 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 28 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 30 to paragraph 8 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 86, adding text after paragraph 22 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 82, adding text after paragraph 22 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 20 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 81, adding text after paragraph 17 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 11 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 6 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 6 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 4 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 6, adding text before paragraph 1 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 4, adding text before paragraph 1 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedAgainstS&D
2 Apr 2025Amendment 3, adding text before paragraph 1 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedAgainstS&D
1 Apr 2025Amendment 35 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptForAbstainedS&D
12 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 77, adding text after paragraph 74 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 69 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedForS&D
12 Mar 2025Separate vote on paragraph 68 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 108 to paragraph 68 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 63 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 103 to paragraph 46 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedForS&D
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 15 — part 3 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 15 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 15 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 14 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 11 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 4 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAbstainedForS&D
12 Mar 2025Separate vote on paragraph 15 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 14 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 23 to paragraph 12 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 7 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 6 — part 4 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 4 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Separate vote on paragraph 4 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAgainstForS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 16, adding text before paragraph 1 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 15, adding text before paragraph 1 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 35 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025AbstainedAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 5 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025AbstainedAgainstS&D
12 Mar 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 4 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025ForAbstainedS&D
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 3 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025AgainstForS&D
13 Feb 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 11 Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the CongoForAbstainedS&D
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 14 — part 2 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineAgainstForS&D

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Cecilia STRADA , S&D · Italy 5.9 %2 52999371231

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
Export
Cite

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257101&to=2025-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Cecilia STRADA”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257101&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Cecilia STRADA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257101&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=257101&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}