Skip to content
EU Parl WatchResearch
Projects

Analysis

Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Mounir SATOURI

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

Cite
Export
Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes293All roll calls2 891
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Mounir SATOURI only. Show every member

Mounir SATOURI’s votes against the line, 146

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
18 Dec 2025Separate vote on recital H Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against LithuaniaForAgainstGreens
17 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole European Defence Readiness 2030: assessment of needsAgainstForGreens
16 Dec 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe PlanAgainstForGreens
16 Dec 2025Final vote Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedForGreens
27 Nov 2025Amendment 13 to paragraph 2 EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for UkraineForAgainstGreens
27 Nov 2025Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 1 EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for UkraineForAgainstGreens
27 Nov 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 1 EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for UkraineAbstainedAgainstGreens
27 Nov 2025Amendment 8, adding text after recital B Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAbstainedGreens
27 Nov 2025Amendment 7, adding text after recital B Escalation of the war and the humanitarian catastrophe in SudanForAbstainedGreens
27 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 255 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForGreens
27 Nov 2025Final vote Amending Regulations on the Internal Market Information System (IMI) and on the single digital gateway as regards certain harmonisation requirements on transparencyForAbstainedGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 2, adding text after recital E Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 1, adding text after recital C Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 15 to paragraph 33 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 31 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 31 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 31 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialAbstainedAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 11 to paragraph 31 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 10 to paragraph 13 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 11 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 11 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 6 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 1 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 1 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 1 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
26 Nov 2025Amendment 3 to paragraph 1 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialForAgainstGreens
13 Nov 2025Amendment 92 to Article 4 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsAgainstForGreens
13 Nov 2025Amendment 175 to Article 4 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstGreens
13 Nov 2025Amendment 174 to Article 4 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstGreens
13 Nov 2025Amendment 35 to Article 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsAgainstForGreens
23 Oct 2025Amendment 10 to paragraph 23 Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola SummitForAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Paragraph 9 — part 2 Situation in Belarus, five years after the fraudulent presidential electionsAgainstForGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 160, adding text after paragraph 84 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAgainstForGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 159, adding text after paragraph 82 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAbstainedGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 157, adding text after paragraph 79 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 103, adding text after paragraph 72 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAbstainedGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 99, adding text after paragraph 57 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 98, adding text after paragraph 57 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 56, adding text after paragraph 48 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 90, adding text after paragraph 40 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 26 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAbstainedGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 81, adding text after paragraph 25 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAgainstForGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 19 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAbstainedGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 63 to paragraph 5 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstGreens
22 Oct 2025Amendment 667 Draft general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAgainstForGreens
9 Oct 2025Paragraph 27 — part 3 United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructureAgainstForGreens
9 Oct 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Motion of censure on the CommissionForAgainstGreens
8 Oct 2025Amendment 147 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainForAbstainedGreens
11 Sept 2025Amendment 44, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionForAbstainedGreens
10 Sept 2025Amendment 4, adding text after recital F Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian hybrid threats and malign interferenceAgainstAbstainedGreens
Show all 146 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
9 Sept 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 1 2023 and 2024 reports on UkraineAgainstForGreens
9 Sept 2025Amendment 18 to paragraph 67 Public procurementForAbstainedGreens
9 Sept 2025Paragraph 46 — part 2 Public procurementAgainstForGreens
9 Sept 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 11 Public procurementForAgainstGreens
8 Sept 2025Ordre du jour de mercredi — Demande du groupe PPE Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the PPE GroupAgainstAbstainedGreens
10 Jul 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 10 Tackling China’s critical raw materials export restrictionsAbstainedAgainstGreens
10 Jul 2025Paragraph 34 — part 2 Future of the EU biotechnology and biomanufacturing sector: leveraging research, boosting innovation and enhancing competitivenessAbstainedForGreens
9 Jul 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 24 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansAgainstForGreens
9 Jul 2025Amendment 2 to paragraph 4 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansAgainstForGreens
9 Jul 2025Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 56 2023 and 2024 reports on AlbaniaAgainstForGreens
8 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Security of energy supply in the EUAbstainedForGreens
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 10 — part 2 Security of energy supply in the EUAgainstForGreens
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 10 — part 1 Security of energy supply in the EUAgainstForGreens
8 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024AbstainedForGreens
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 28 — part 1 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024AgainstForGreens
8 Jul 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 28 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024ForAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 26, adding text after paragraph 16 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 16 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 23 to paragraph 14 Clean Industrial DealAbstainedAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 12 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 11 to paragraph 12 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 6 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstGreens
19 Jun 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 6 Clean Industrial DealForAgainstGreens
17 Jun 2025Amendment 186 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast)ForAgainstGreens
22 May 2025Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 2 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023AgainstForGreens
22 May 2025Amendment 1 Amendments to the Capital Requirements Regulation as regards securities financing transactions under the net stable funding ratioForAbstainedGreens
22 May 2025Amendment 5, adding text after recital 11 Granting equivalence to Moldova and Ukraine for field inspections and seed productionForAgainstGreens
22 May 2025Amendment 4, adding text after recital 11 Granting equivalence to Moldova and Ukraine for field inspections and seed productionForAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 37 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal marketForAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Paragraph 30 — part 2 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal marketForAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 18 Banking Union – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 278 to recital 37 Screening of foreign investments in the UnionForAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 277 to recital 35 Screening of foreign investments in the UnionForAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 294 to Article 13, paragraph 3, après le point c Screening of foreign investments in the UnionForAgainstGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 292 to Article 13, paragraph 3, après le point c Screening of foreign investments in the UnionForAbstainedGreens
8 May 2025Amendment 254 to Article 13, paragraph 3, après le point b Screening of foreign investments in the UnionForAgainstGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 15 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeAgainstForGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 15 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeAgainstForGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 6 to paragraph 1 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeAgainstForGreens
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole The European Water Resilience StrategyAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 42 — part 2 The European Water Resilience StrategyForAgainstGreens
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole A revamped long-term budget for the Union in a changing worldAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 96 Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 251 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 224 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 186 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 143 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsForAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 46 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstAbstainedGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 13 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsForAgainstGreens
7 May 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 10 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsForAbstainedGreens
3 Apr 2025Amendment 10 to paragraph 3 Energy-intensive industriesAgainstAbstainedGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 70, adding text after recital R — part 1 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AbstainedForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 67, adding text after recital J Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AbstainedForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 90, adding text after paragraph 43 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 76 to paragraph 19 — part 1 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AbstainedForGreens
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 121, adding text after paragraph 57 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 132, adding text after paragraph 44 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 84, adding text after paragraph 24 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 87 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 53 to paragraph 76 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 50 to paragraph 50 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 9 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 149 to paragraph 4, indent 20 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedAgainstGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 26, adding text after paragraph 16 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAgainstAbstainedGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 11 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAbstainedGreens
2 Apr 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 6 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIForAbstainedGreens
13 Mar 2025Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 7 Severe political, humanitarian and human rights crisis in Sudan, in particular the sexual violence and child rapeForAbstainedGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 31 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 5 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 4 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 4 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAbstainedGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 1, adding text after recital T White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 24, adding text after recital E White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 99 to recital A White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstForGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 67, adding text after paragraph 61 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 61 to paragraph 54 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 57, adding text after paragraph 22 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 107, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstForGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 107, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstForGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 48 to paragraph 5 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 4 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 43, adding text after paragraph 2 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 2 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 2 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 1 White paper on the future of European defenceForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 25 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 25 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 23 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 9 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 9 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionForAgainstGreens
12 Mar 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 23 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025ForAbstainedGreens
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 5 — part 3 Situation in Venezuela following the usurpation of the presidency on 10 January 2025AgainstForGreens
23 Jan 2025Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 5 Case of Boualem Sansal in AlgeriaForAgainstGreens

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Mounir SATOURI , Greens · France 5.3 %2 779892730117

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
Export
Cite

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197500&to=2025-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Mounir SATOURI”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197500&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Mounir SATOURI}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197500&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197500&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}