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Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Jaak MADISON

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes293All roll calls2 891
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Jaak MADISON only. Show every member

Jaak MADISON’s votes against the line, 162

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
17 Dec 2025Paragraph 27 — part 2 Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of workAgainstForECR
17 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole European Defence Readiness 2030: assessment of needsForAbstainedECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Genetically modified sugar beet KWS20-1AgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/003 SE/Northvolt – SwedenAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Final vote Providing macro-financial assistance to JordanAbstainedForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 39 to recital 4 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 69, adding text after recital 2 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 81 to recital 2 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 18 to recital 2 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 67 to Article 14 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 66 to Article 14 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendments 64 + 88 (voted as one), adding text after Article 12 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 50 to Article 12 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendments 37 + 46 (voted as one) to Article 11 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendments 36 + 87 (voted as one) to Article 11 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 80 to Article 9 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendments 34 + 86 (voted as one) to Article 9 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 30 to Article 6 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 58 to Article 4 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 57 to Article 4 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 27 to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 26 to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 83 to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendments 25 + 55 (voted as one) to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 70 to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 23 to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendments 21 + 82 (voted as one) to Article 2 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
16 Dec 2025Amendment 19 to Article 2 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAgainstForECR
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 68 — part 2 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstAbstainedECR
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 47 — part 1 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstForECR
26 Nov 2025Amendment 1, adding text after recital C Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialAgainstForECR
26 Nov 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 1 Protecting EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materialAbstainedForECR
26 Nov 2025Paragraph 1, point ag — part 2 EU’s diplomatic strategy and geopolitical cooperation in the ArcticAbstainedAgainstECR
13 Nov 2025Recital M — part 1 Gender Equality Strategy 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
13 Nov 2025Recital G — part 1 Gender Equality Strategy 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
13 Nov 2025Paragraph 21 — part 1 Gender Equality Strategy 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
13 Nov 2025Amendment 87, adding text after recital 7 Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT)AgainstAbstainedECR
13 Nov 2025Amendment 4 to Article 1 Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association ProcessForAgainstECR
13 Nov 2025Amendments 246 + 306 (voted as one) to Article 4 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsAgainstForECR
13 Nov 2025Amendment 86 to Article 4 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstECR
23 Oct 2025Paragraph 54 — part 2 Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in UzbekistanForAgainstECR
23 Oct 2025Separate vote on paragraph 111 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)AgainstAbstainedECR
23 Oct 2025Recital J — part 2 Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola SummitAgainstForECR
22 Oct 2025Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 23 Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiationsAgainstForECR
22 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAgainstAbstainedECR
22 Oct 2025Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 65 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAbstainedECR
22 Oct 2025Amendment 117, adding text after paragraph 30 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedForECR
22 Oct 2025Amendment 362 Draft general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAgainstForECR
22 Oct 2025Amendment 361 Draft general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAgainstForECR
9 Oct 2025Paragraph 10 — part 1 Second World Summit for Social DevelopmentAgainstAbstainedECR
Show all 162 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
9 Oct 2025Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 5 Situation in Afghanistan: supporting women and communities affected by the recent earthquakesForAgainstECR
9 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024AgainstForECR
9 Oct 2025Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 15 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
9 Oct 2025Amendment 81 Establishment and functioning of European Works Councils - effective enforcementForAgainstECR
9 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Humanitarian and security situation in Haiti, in particular the rising power of criminal gangs and the recent massacre in CabaretAbstainedForECR
8 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 2/2025: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditureAgainstForECR
8 Oct 2025Amendment 121, adding text after recital 3 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainAgainstAbstainedECR
11 Sept 2025Separate vote on paragraph 19 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solutionAgainstForECR
10 Sept 2025Final vote — text as a whole Role of cohesion policy investment in resolving the current housing crisisAgainstForECR
10 Sept 2025Separate vote on recital O Role of cohesion policy investment in resolving the current housing crisisAgainstForECR
10 Sept 2025Final vote — text as a whole Investments and reforms for European competitiveness and the creation of a Capital Markets UnionAgainstAbstainedECR
10 Sept 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement European Social Fund (ESF+): specific measures to address strategic challengesAbstainedForECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 3, adding text after recital W 2023 and 2024 reports on UkraineAgainstAbstainedECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 39, adding text after recital R Public procurementForAbstainedECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 12 EU-Kyrgyz Republic Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (Resolution)AbstainedAgainstECR
9 Sept 2025Final vote Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesAgainstForECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 394 to Article 6, paragraph 1, après l'alinéa 2 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesForAgainstECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 393 to Article 6, paragraph 1, alinéa 1 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesForAgainstECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 133 to Article 6 — part 1 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesAbstainedForECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 401 to Article 6 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesForAbstainedECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 392 to Article 4, après le paragraph 1 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesForAgainstECR
9 Sept 2025Amendment 391 to Article 4, paragraph 1, après le point b Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesForAgainstECR
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 1/2025: entering the surplus of the financial year 2024AbstainedForECR
9 Jul 2025Amendment 5, adding text after recital D Draft amending budget No 1/2025: entering the surplus of the financial year 2024ForAbstainedECR
8 Jul 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 6 Security of energy supply in the EUForAbstainedECR
8 Jul 2025Final vote Bulgaria’s adoption of the euro on 1 January 2026AbstainedForECR
8 Jul 2025Motion for adjournment of the vote Bulgaria’s adoption of the euro on 1 January 2026AbstainedAgainstECR
19 Jun 2025Final vote Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceabilityAgainstAbstainedECR
19 Jun 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 8 — part 2 Dissolution of political parties and the crackdown on the opposition in MaliForAgainstECR
19 Jun 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 8 — part 1 Dissolution of political parties and the crackdown on the opposition in MaliForAgainstECR
18 Jun 2025Amendment 8 to paragraph 9 2023 and 2024 reports on MoldovaForAgainstECR
18 Jun 2025Separate vote on paragraph 8 2023 and 2024 reports on MoldovaAbstainedForECR
18 Jun 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 57 The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law reportAbstainedAgainstECR
18 Jun 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForECR
17 Jun 2025Separate vote on paragraph 43 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in SevilleAgainstForECR
17 Jun 2025Amendment 1 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in SevilleForAbstainedECR
17 Jun 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Strengthening rural areas in the EU through cohesion policyAbstainedForECR
17 Jun 2025Council draft Electoral rights of mobile Union citizens in European Parliament electionsAbstainedForECR
17 Jun 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Termination of the Voluntary Partnership Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Cameroon on forest law enforcement governance and trade in timber and derived products to the Union.AgainstForECR
17 Jun 2025Final vote Amending Regulation (EU) No 228/2013 as regards additional assistance and further flexibility to outermost regions affected by severe natural disasters and in the context of cyclone Chido devastating MayotteAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: Joint UndertakingsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: AgenciesAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: AgenciesAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 102 — part 3 Discharge 2023: European Public Prosecutor’s OfficeAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 9 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceForAbstainedECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Data Protection SupervisorAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Committee of the RegionsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Economic and Social CommitteeAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 2 to paragraph 47 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 45 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Paragraph 33 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAgainstAbstainedECR
7 May 2025Paragraph 31 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAgainstAbstainedECR
7 May 2025Paragraph 23 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Paragraph 22 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAgainstAbstainedECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of Justice of the European UnionAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European ParliamentAbstainedForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 143 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 76 to paragraph 73, after point iii Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstForECR
7 May 2025Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 16 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsForAbstainedECR
6 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023AbstainedForECR
6 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – BelgiumAgainstForECR
6 May 2025A10–0064/2025 — Adam Jarubas — Consent procedure Final vote Amendments to the International Health Regulations contained in the Annex to Resolution WHA77.17 and adopted on 1 June 2024AgainstForECR
2 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 61, adding text after citation 3 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 148 to paragraph 143 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 85 to paragraph 49 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 7 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 70, adding text after paragraph 4 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 64 to paragraph 76 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 49 to paragraph 44 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 27 to paragraph 4, after indent 6 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 63, adding text after paragraph 21 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAgainstAbstainedECR
2 Apr 2025Amendment 13 to paragraph 14 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAgainstAbstainedECR
1 Apr 2025Amendment 34 to Article 1, paragraph 1 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAgainstAbstainedECR
13 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole Severe political, humanitarian and human rights crisis in Sudan, in particular the sexual violence and child rapeAbstainedForECR
12 Mar 2025Recital H — part 1 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAgainstECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 22 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 31 to paragraph 7 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 4 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaAbstainedForECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 1 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 68 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 7 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedForECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 7 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 49, adding text after paragraph 5 White paper on the future of European defenceAgainstAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 28 to paragraph 25 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAbstainedForECR
12 Mar 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 13 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggressionAbstainedForECR
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 29 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Separate vote on paragraph 5 European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025AgainstAbstainedECR
12 Mar 2025Paragraph 35 — part 2 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025AgainstForECR
11 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework ProgrammeAgainstForECR
11 Mar 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 51 Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework ProgrammeAbstainedForECR
11 Mar 2025Final vote — text as a whole European Social Fund Plus post-2027AgainstAbstainedECR
11 Mar 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Establishing the Reform and Growth Facility for the Republic of MoldovaAbstainedForECR
12 Feb 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize MON 95275AgainstForECR
12 Feb 2025Amendment 2, adding text after recital M Genetically modified maize MON 95275AgainstForECR
12 Feb 2025Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 Genetically modified maize MON 95275AgainstForECR
12 Feb 2025Final vote — text as a whole Genetically modified maize DP910521AgainstForECR
12 Feb 2025Amendment 2, adding text after recital V Genetically modified maize DP910521AgainstForECR
12 Feb 2025Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 Genetically modified maize DP910521AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2025Recital H — part 2 European Central Bank – annual report 2024AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2025Paragraph 42 — part 2 European Central Bank – annual report 2024AgainstForECR
11 Feb 2025Paragraph 27 — part 1 European Central Bank – annual report 2024AgainstForECR
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 10 — part 6 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineForAgainstECR
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 10 — part 5 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineForAgainstECR
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 10 — part 4 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineForAbstainedECR
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 10 — part 3 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineForAgainstECR
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 10 — part 2 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineForAgainstECR
23 Jan 2025Amendment 1, adding text after recital D Case of Boualem Sansal in AlgeriaForAbstainedECR

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Jaak MADISON , ECR · Estonia 7.6 %2 1348235450

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197493&to=2025-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Jaak MADISON”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197493&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Jaak MADISON}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197493&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197493&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}