Analysis

Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Daniel FREUND

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term 2024 2025 2026 Last 6 months

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Votes Final votes293 All roll calls2 891

Order Highest rate first By name

Showing Daniel FREUND only. Show every member

Group Country Lead committee Topic (model-assigned) Contested votes only (largest side under 80 %)

Daniel FREUND’s votes against the line, 25

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

**Position**: the member’s vote. **Clear line**: the position of at least two thirds of **Group** (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
Date	Vote	Position	Clear line	Group
18 Dec 2025	Final vote — text as a whole Mass kidnapping of children in Nigeria, including from St Mary’s Catholic School in Papiri	For	Abstained	Greens
13 Nov 2025	Amendment 101 to Article 47 Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT)	Against	Abstained	Greens
22 Oct 2025	Amendment 104 to paragraph 58 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections	Against	For	Greens
22 Oct 2025	Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 36 — part 2 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections	Abstained	Against	Greens
22 Oct 2025	Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 36 — part 1 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections	Abstained	Against	Greens
9 Oct 2025	Paragraph 5 — part 1 United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure	Against	For	Greens
8 Oct 2025	Separate vote on paragraph 29 EU political strategy on Latin America	Abstained	Against	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 26, adding text after recital H Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 5 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Abstained	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 49, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 43, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Against	For	Greens
11 Sept 2025	Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 1 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution	Abstained	For	Greens
19 Jun 2025	Paragraph 13 — part 1 Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy system	Against	For	Greens
18 Jun 2025	Amendment 3 to paragraph 5 The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law report	For	Abstained	Greens
22 May 2025	Amendment 5, adding text after recital 11 Granting equivalence to Moldova and Ukraine for field inspections and seed production	For	Against	Greens
22 May 2025	Amendment 4, adding text after recital 11 Granting equivalence to Moldova and Ukraine for field inspections and seed production	For	Against	Greens
8 May 2025	Amendment 9 to paragraph 5 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal market	For	Against	Greens
7 May 2025	Amendment 12 to paragraph 52 — part 1 2023 and 2024 reports on Türkiye	For	Against	Greens
3 Apr 2025	Amendment 2 to paragraph 40 Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament	Abstained	For	Greens
2 Apr 2025	Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 12 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024	Against	For	Greens
2 Apr 2025	Amendment 88 to paragraph 69 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024	Against	For	Greens

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

**Against the line**: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ **clear-line votes** (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: **opposite** (for ↔ against), **abstained** against the line, **other** (for or against when the line was to abstain), and **with own party** — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
Member	Against the line	Clear-line votes	Opposite	Abstained	Other	With own party
Daniel FREUND , Greens · Germany	0.9 %	2 791	16	6	3	14

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
Data as of 28 Sept 2026, 03:25 UTC (data stamp 5a7357168c2a, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).

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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink: https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=106936&to=2025-12-31
Data source: European Parliament Open Data
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version: data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved: 28 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Daniel FREUND”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=106936&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 28 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.

BibTeX

@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-28,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Daniel FREUND}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=106936&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=106936&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-28},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}