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Text · Comparison of two versions

Changes from adopted text to adopted text

TA-9-2024-0095 → TA-10-2025-0234

From
TA-9-2024-0095 Adopted text of 28 Feb 2024
To
TA-10-2025-0234 Adopted text of 21 Oct 2025
Changes
Not comparable
Paragraphs
+9 added · −1 330 removed · 7 changed
More facts (2)
Title (from)
Driving licences
Title (to)
Driving licences

These two texts have too little in common to be compared paragraph by paragraph (under 15 % of their paragraphs match): they are different documents rather than versions of one — for example a group’s motion and the joint text that was adopted.

Every difference

The full paragraph comparison, packaging included; long runs of unchanged paragraphs are folded. One part of the text per page.

Part 3 of 23: Paragraphs 121–180

Removed(11a) ‘ambulance’ means a vehicle of category M intended for the transport of sick or injured persons and having special equipment for such purpose, as referred to under ‘Criteria for vehicle categorisation’, ‘Special purpose vehicles’, in Annex I, Part A, point 5.3. to Regulation (EU) No 2018/858 of the European Parliament and the Council; [Am. 39]

Removed(11b) ‘motor caravan’ means a vehicle category M with a living accommodation area containing seating and a table, separate or folding sleeping berths, cooking facilities as well as cupboards and storage space, all of which shall be rigidly fixed to the living compartment, as referred to under ‘Criteria for vehicle categorisation’, ‘Special purpose vehicles’, in Annex I, part A point 5.1 to Regulation (EU) 2018/858; [Am. 40]

Removed(11c) ‘alternatively fuelled vehicle’1a means a motor vehicle powered wholly or in part by an alternative fuel, and which has been approved, pursuant to Regulation EU 2018/858; [Am. 41]

Removed(11d) ‘alternative fuels’ mean fuels or power sources which serve, at least partly, as a substitute for fossil oil sources in the energy supply to transport and which have the potential to contribute to its decarbonisation and enhance the environmental performance of the transport sector consisting of:

Removed(a) electricity consumed in all types of electric vehicles;

Removed(b) hydrogen;

Removed(c) natural gas, including biomethane, in gaseous form (Compressed Natural Gas — CNG) and liquefied form (Liquefied Natural Gas — LNG);

Removed(d) Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG);

Removed(e) mechanical energy from on-board storage/on-board sources, including waste heat;

Removed(f) any other ‘CO2 neutral fuel’ that means all fuels defined by Directive (EU) 2018/2001 where the emissions of the fuel in use (eu) can be taken to be net zero, meaning for instance that the CO2 equivalent of the carbon incorporated in the chemical composition of the fuel in use (eu) is of biogenic origin and/or has been captured, so avoiding being emitted as CO2 into the atmosphere, or has been captured from ambient air including:

Removed(i) renewable and/or synthetic fuels, such as biofuel, biogas, biomass fuel, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuel of non- biological origin (RFNBO) or a recycled carbon fuel (RCF);

Removed(ii) other fuels not listed in Directive (EU) 2018/2001 may fall within the meaning of CO2 neutral fuel provided that they meet those criteria and the sustainability criteria of that Directive and associated delegated acts; and

Removed(iii) a mixture of two or more CO2 neutral fuels shall be considered to be a CO2 neutral fuel; [Am. 42]

Removed(12) ‘driving disqualification’ means any decision which results in the withdrawal, cancellation, restriction or suspension of the driving licence or of the right to drive of a driver of a power-driven vehicle and which is no longer subject to a right of appeal. The measure may constitute either a primary, secondary or supplementary penalty or a safety measure.

RemovedArticle 3 Union standard specifications on driving licences and mutual recognition

Removed1. Member States shall ensure that their national driving licences are issued in accordance with the provisions of this Directive and comply with the Union standard specifications and other criteria pursuant to:

Removed(a) Article 4 for physical driving licences;

Removed(b) Article 5 for mobile driving licences.

Removed2. Member States shall ensure that physical and mobile driving licences issued to the same person are fully equivalent between them, and state the exact same set of rights and conditions under which that person is authorised to drive.

Removed3. Member States shall not, as a prerequisite, require the possession of a physical or mobile driving licence from the applicant when issuing, replacing, renewing, or exchanging a driving licence in the other format.

Removed4. By … [date-of-adoption+4 years], Member States shall ensure that onlyapplicants are issued both a mobile driving licences are issuedlicence and a physical driving licence by default. Until that date, Member States may decide to issue mobile driving licences. [Am. 44]

Removed5. By way of derogation from paragraph 4, upon request of the applicant, Member States shall provide the opportunity for afor a right for applicants upon request to renounce either physical driving licence to be issued instead of, or together with, a mobileor digital driving licence. Member States shall facilitate such requests on the part of applicants, and not seek to influence them in any way. [Am. 45]

Removed5a. By way of derogation from paragraph 5, Member States shall give applicants who have renounced one of the formats of their driving licence referred to in paragraph 4 the right to request the issue or reissue of that renounced format. Any issue or reissue of a renounced format shall be provided without undue delay and no later than 2 weeks from the date of the applicant's request. [Am. 46]

Removed6. Driving licences issued by Member States shall be mutually recognised.

Removed7. By way of derogation from paragraph 6, Member States shall only mutually recognise mobile driving licences that were issued after [date-of-adoption+3 years] in accordance with Article 5. Mobile driving licences that were issued before that date but meet the requirements of Article 5 shall be mutually recognised after that date.

RemovedArticle 4 Physical driving licences

Removed1. Member States shall issue physical driving licences based on the Union standard specifications laid down in Annex I, Part A1.

Removed2. Member States shall take all necessary steps to avoid any risk of forgery of driving licences, including that of model driving licences issued before the entry into force of this Directive. They shall inform the Commission thereof.

RemovedThe physical driving licence shall be made secure against forgery by means of the Union standard specifications laid down in Annex I, Part A2. Member States may introduce additional security features.

Removed3. Where the holder of a valid physical driving licence without an administrative validity period takes up normal residence in a Member State other than that which issued that driving licence, the host Member State may, as of two years after the date on which the holder has taken up normal residence on its territory, apply the administrative validity periods set out in Article 10(2), by renewing the driving licence.

Removed4. Member States shall ensure that by 19 January 20302033, all physical driving licences issued or in circulation fulfil all the requirements of this Directive. [Am. 47]

Removed5. Member States may decide to introduce a storage medium (microchip) as part of the physical driving licence. Where a Member State decides to introduce a microchip as part of their physical driving licence it may, where its national laws related to driving licences provide for it, also decide to store data additional to what is specified in Annex I, Part D, on the microchip. The retention period for the personal data stored in the microchip shall, whenever possible, be aligned with the validity of the driving licence. [Am. 48]

RemovedWhen Member States provide for the microchip as part of the physical driving licence, they shall apply technical requirements laid down in Annex I, Part B. Member States may introduce additional security features

RemovedMember States shall inform the Commission in the event of a decision on including a microchip on their physical driving licences, or of any change concerning such a decision, within three months of its adoption. Member States that have already introduced a microchip on their physical driving licences shall inform the Commission accordingly within three months from the date of entry into force of this Directive.

Removed6. Where the microchip is not introduced as part of the physical driving licence, Member States may also decide to print, in the space reserved for that purpose, a QR code on the physical driving licences that are issued by them. The QR code shall allow the verification of the authenticity of the information reported on the physical driving licence.

Removed7. Member States shall ensure that the personal data necessary for the verification of the information reported on the physical driving licence is not retained by the verifier and that the issuing authority of the driving licence is not notified about the verification process.

RemovedThe Commission shall adopt implementing acts laying down detailed provisions concerning the interoperability features and the security measures to be complied with by QR codes printed on physical driving licences. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 22(2).

RemovedMember States shall inform the Commission of any measure aimed at the introduction of a QR code on their driving licences or of any change of such measure, within three months of its adoption.

Removed8. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts, in accordance with Article 21, to amend Annex I, Parts A, B and D, where necessary in order to take account of technical, operational or scientific developments.

RemovedArticle 5 Mobile driving licences

Removed1. Member States shall issue mobile driving licences based on the Union standard specifications laid down in Annex I, Part C.

Removed2. Member States shall ensure that electronic applications established for mobile driving licences, in order to enable verification of the existence of the driving rights of the holder of the driving licence, are available to persons having their normal residence in their territory, or to persons who are otherwise entitled to hold mobile driving licences issued by them, free of charge.

RemovedTheseThose applications shall be based on the European Digital Identity Wallets issued in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and an appropriate level of security of these applications should be ensured.. [Am. 49]

Removed3. Member States shall publish and regularly update the list of available electronic applications which are established and maintained for the purposes of this Article.

RemovedMember States shall ensure that the electronic applications do not contain or, in the case of applying a pointer, do not make available more data than referred to in Annex I, Part D. [Am. 50]

Removed4. Member States shall make available and regularly update each other on the information required to access the national systems referred to in Annex I, Part C, that are used for the verification of mobile driving licences.

RemovedMember States shall ensure that the personal data necessary for the verification of the driving rights of the holder of the mobile driving licence is not retained by the verifier and that the issuing authority of the driving licence processes the information received through the notification only for the purpose of responding to the verification request. Personal data shall be processed in accordance with Regulations (EU) 2016/679 and (EU) 2018/1725 and, where applicable, Directive 2002/58/EC, implementing the principles of ‘data minimisation’, ‘purpose limitation’ and ‘data protection by design and by default’, in particular with regard to technical measures. [Am. 51]

Removed5. Member States shall inform the Commission of the list of relevant national systems authorised to issue data and pointers for mobile driving licences. The Commission shall make available to the public, through a secure channel, the list of such national systems of the Member States, in an electronically signed or sealed form suitable for automated processing. [Am. 52]

Removed6. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts, in accordance with Article 21, to amend Annex I, Part C, where necessary in order to take account of technical, operational or scientific developments.

Removed7. By … [date-of-adoption+18 months], the Commission shall adopt implementing acts laying down detailed provisions concerning the interoperability, security and testing of mobile driving licences, including verification features and the interface with national systems and taking into account the necessary requirements to ensure recognition of those driving liences by third country authorities. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 22(2). [Am. 53]

Removed7a. The Commission shall provide assistance in this regard to Member States who should work together in pursuit of the worldwide use and recognition of the European mobile driving licence by means of an amendment to the Geneva Convention on Road Traffic of 19 September 1949, the International Convention on Motor Transport of 24 April 1926 and the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic of 8 November 1968. [Am. 54]

RemovedArticle 6 Licence categories

Removed1. The driving licence shall authorise the driving of power-driven vehicles in the following categories:

Removed(a) mopeds:

Removedcategory AM:

Removed- two-wheel vehicles or three-wheel vehicles with a maximum design speed of not more than 45 km/h and a net maximum power not exceeding 4kW (excluding those with a maximum design speed under or equal to 25 km/h); [Am. 55]

Removed- light quadricycles;

Removed(b) motorcycles and powered tricycles:

Removed(i) category A1:

Removed- motorcycles with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 125 cubic centimetres, of a net maximum power not exceeding 11 kW and with a power/weight ratio not exceeding 0,1 kW/kg; [Am. 56]

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

European Parliament (2025). “Changes between TA-9-2024-0095 and TA-10-2025-0234”. Text, 21 October 2025. from TA-9-2024-0095, to TA-10-2025-0234. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/TA-9-2024-0095/compare/TA-10-2025-0234?all=1&part=3 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-text-2025-10-21,
  author = {{European Parliament}},
  title = {{Changes between TA-9-2024-0095 and TA-10-2025-0234}},
  year = {2025},
  date = {2025-10-21},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/TA-9-2024-0095/compare/TA-10-2025-0234?all=1&part=3}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/TA-9-2024-0095/compare/TA-10-2025-0234?all=1&part=3},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Text. from TA-9-2024-0095, to TA-10-2025-0234. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0)}
}