Text · Amendment list
White paper on the future of European defence
Joint motion RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029
- Kind
- Amendment list RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029
- Date
- 10 March 2025
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| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ba. whereas at the NATO Summit in Bucharest in 2008, the US Government pushed for Ukrainian NATO membership against the opinion of several Member States; whereas following the Russian invasion, the United States pushed EU Member States to systematically increase the quantity and quality of arms deliveries to Ukraine; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ca. whereas the United States has forwardly deployed new B61-12 gravity bombs on the territory of EU Member States, increasing the risk that these Member States will fall victim to preventive or retaliatory strikes related to US foreign policy; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ea. whereas Russia’s annual defence spending in 2024 was estimated at USD 141 billion, while NATO member states spent approximately USD 1 341 billion, over ten times more; whereas Russia is confronted with a rapidly declining population, while its GDP is roughly the size of the Benelux countries; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Eb. whereas between 2021 and 2024, EU Member States’ total defence expenditure rose by more than 30 %, and in 2024 European NATO members’ defence spending (excluding Türkiye) was USD 454 billion, according to NATO; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ec. whereas the European Parliament has adopted a resolution condemning the Russian shadow fleet; whereas Member States are yet to implement efficient measures to hinder the circumvention of sanctions against Russia through the shadow fleet; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Ja. whereas the Member States have different military and security policies, including policies of neutrality, and such policies should be respected; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Na. whereas in purchasing power parity, European NATO members’ defence spending (excluding Türkiye) is double that of Russia; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Nb. whereas the military and defence sector is one of the largest global emitters of greenhouse gases, yet remains largely exempt from mandatory public reporting on its carbon footprint; whereas the carbon footprint of military expenditure in the EU alone was estimated at 24.8 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent in 2019, comparable to the annual emissions of approximately 14 million cars; whereas the military sector’s increasing reliance on fossil fuels and resource-intensive equipment exacerbates the climate crisis, while diverting funds from urgent social and environmental investments; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Nc. whereas in international relations theory the ‘security dilemma’ refers to a phenomenon whereby actions, such as arms procurement, taken by a state actor to increase its own security provokes reactions from other states, such as increased arms procurement or preventive attacks, that ultimately lead to a decrease rather than an increase in the original state’s security; |
| Joint motion for a resolution | Amendment |
| Nd. whereas the 1975 Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, concluded in Helsinki between the United States, Canada, the Soviet Union and all of the countries of Europe, except Albania, played an important role in easing tensions between East and West during the Cold War; |
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- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 25 September 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “B10-0146/2025 } - B10-0147/2025 } - B10-0148/2025 } - B10-0149/2025 } - B10-0150/2025 } RC1/Am. 20 - Amendment 20 - Marc Botenga, Giorgos Georgiou - on behalf of The Left Group - Joint motion for a resolution - PPE, S&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE - White paper on the future of European defence”. Text, 10 March 2025. docId RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029, reference RC-B10-0146/2025. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: EP Open Data API: document record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/documents/RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029 (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-text-rc-10-2025-0146-am-020-029,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{B10-0146/2025 \} - B10-0147/2025 \} - B10-0148/2025 \} - B10-0149/2025 \} - B10-0150/2025 \} RC1/Am. 20 - Amendment 20 - Marc Botenga, Giorgos Georgiou - on behalf of The Left Group - Joint motion for a resolution - PPE, S\&D, ECR, Renew, Verts/ALE - White paper on the future of European defence}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-03-10},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029},
urldate = {2026-09-25},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Text. docId RC-10-2025-0146-AM-020-029, reference RC-B10-0146/2025. Data: EP Open Data API: document record (CC BY 4.0)}
}