Text · Amendment list
Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025
Document LIBE-AM-779630 · 2025/2135(INI)
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- Amendment list LIBE-AM-779630
- Date
- 12 November 2025
- Committee
- Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs
- Dossier
- 2025/2135(INI)
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- 2025/2135(INI)
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| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Protocol (No 30) on the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union to Poland and to the United Kingdom, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the constitutions, constitutional principles and diversity of the legal systems of the Member States, |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime , and the Commission proposal of 12 July 2023 for the revision of the Victims’ Rights Directive (COM(2023)0424), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Commission Recommendation (EU) 2022/758 of 27 April 2022 on protecting journalists and human rights defenders who engage in public participation. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2020/2092 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020 on a general regime of conditionality for the protection of the Union budget4 (Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation), | deleted |
| 4 OJ L 433I, 22.12.2020, pp. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2020/2092/oj. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Commission proposal of 2 July 2008 for a Council directive on implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation (COM(2008)0426)(Horizontal Anti-discrimination Directive), | – having regard to the Commission proposal of 2 July 2008 for a Council directive on implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation (COM(2008)0426)(Horizontal Anti-discrimination Directive), as reconfirmed by the Commission in July 2025 following its earlier withdrawal announcement, and noting its pending status in Council |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1984, and later protocols, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the new LGBTIQ equality strategy 2026-2030, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU Strategy on Combating Antisemitism and Fostering Jewish Life (2021–2030) (COM(2021) 615 final) and subsequent Council Conclusions and Commission progress reports updating and implementing the Strategy. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Commission communications of 24 July 2024 entitled ‘2024 Rule of Law Report – The rule of law situation in the European Union’ (COM(2024)0800) and of 8 July 2025 entitled ‘2025 Rule of Law report –The rule of law situation in the European Union’ (COM(2025)0900), and to the 27 Country Chapters annexed thereto, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the UN human rights treaties and instruments on the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the recommendations and reports of the UN Universal Periodic Review, and the case-law of the UN treaty bodies and the special procedures of the Human Rights Council, | – having regard to the UN human rights treaties and instruments on the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, in particular the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the recommendations and reports of the UN Universal Periodic Review, and the case-law of the UN treaty bodies and the special procedures of the Human Rights Council, in particular the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on combating antisemitism established by the Human Rights Council in 2022 (A/HRC/49/L.18). |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Recommendation Rec(2006)2 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States of the Council of Europe on the European Prison Rules of 1 January 2006, |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regards to the 34th General Report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment of Council of Europe April 2025, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Yogyakarta Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Yogyakarta Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Yogyakarta Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Yogyakarta Principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the recommendations and reports of the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, the High Commissioner on National Minorities, the Representative on Freedom of the Media and other bodies of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), | – having regard to the recommendations and reports of the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, the High Commissioner on National Minorities, the Representative on Freedom of the Media and other bodies of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), including the work of ODIHR and the OSCE Chairperson-in-Office’s Personal Representative on Combating Antisemitism and the implementation of the OSCE Ministerial Council commitments on addressing antisemitism, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the open letter of 22 May 2025 by nine European heads of state and government calling for a new discussion on the interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the judgments and case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) and to the annual reports of the Committee of Ministers on the supervision of their execution, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) concerning pre-trial detention, including Letellier v. France (1991), Ilijkov v. Bulgaria (2001) and Buzadji v. Moldova (2016), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption adopted by the Council of Europe on 27 January 1999, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the recommendations, opinions, reports and resolutions of the Council of Europe, in particular of the Venice Commission, the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), the Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (GREVIO), the Group of States against Corruption (GRECO), the Steering Committee on Anti-discrimination, Diversity and Inclusion, the Parliamentary Assembly, the European Committee of Social Rights and other bodies of the Council of Europe, | – having regard to the recommendations, opinions, reports and resolutions of the Council of Europe, in particular of the Venice Commission, the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), the Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (GREVIO), the Group of States against Corruption (GRECO), the Steering Committee on Anti-discrimination, Diversity and Inclusion, the Parliamentary Assembly, the European Committee of Social Rights and other bodies of the Council of Europe, including ECRI’s General Policy Recommendation No. 9 (revised, 2021) on preventing and combating antisemitism, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the statements, recommendations, reports and country visits of the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, including his report of 4 September 2025 entitled ‘Externalised asylum and migration policies and human rights law’, | deleted |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Decision (EU) 2022/480 of the European Parliament of 10 March 2022 on setting up a committee of inquiry to investigate the use of the Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware, and defining the subject of the inquiry, as well as the responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office of the committee; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) Preliminary Remarks on Modern Spyware of 15 February 2022; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regards to the European Parliament recommendation of 15 June 2023 to the Council and the Commission following the investigation of alleged contraventions and maladministration in the application of Union law in relation to the use of Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware (2023/2500(RSP)) |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the reports, surveys and opinions of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), in particular its Fundamental Rights Report 2024 and Fundamental Rights Report 2025, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the reports, surveys and opinions of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), in particular its Fundamental Rights Report 2024 and Fundamental Rights Report 2025, | – having regard to the reports, surveys and opinions of the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), in particular its Fundamental Rights Report 2024 and Fundamental Rights Report 2025, and its findings on antisemitism, as presented in its dedicated surveys on Jewish people’s experiences of antisemitism in the European Union; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the European Parliament resolution of 1 June 2017 on combating anti-Semitism (2017/2692(RSP)), and to subsequent Parliament texts addressing the recent rise in antisemitism in Europe; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolutions on the Commission’s rule of law reports, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolutions on specific Member States, including Greece, Hungary and Slovakia, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 8 February 2024 on the implementation of the EU LGBTIQ Equality Strategy 2020-20258 , | deleted |
| 8 OJ C, C/2024/6340, 7.11.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/6340/oj. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 8 February 2024 on the implementation of the EU LGBTIQ Equality Strategy 2020-20258 , | deleted |
| 8 OJ C, C/2024/6340, 7.11.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/6340/oj. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 13 December 2022 towards equal rights for persons with disabilities9 , | deleted |
| 9 OJ C 177, 17.5.2023, p. 13. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 10 November 2022 on racial justice, non-discrimination and anti-racism in the EU10 , | deleted |
| 10 OJ C 161, 5.5.2023, p. 10. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 8 March 2022 on the shrinking space for civil society in Europe11 , | deleted |
| 11 OJ C 347, 9.9.2022, p. 2. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 14 December 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on combating gender-based violence: cyberviolence12 , | deleted |
| 12 OJ C 251, 30.6.2022, p. 2. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 16 September 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU13 , and to its resolution of 18 January 2024 on extending the list of EU crimes to hate speech and hate crime14 , | deleted |
| 13 OJ C 117, 11.3.2022, p. 88. | |
| 14 OJ C, C/2024/5733, 17.10.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/5733/oj. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 7 October 2020 on the establishment of an EU Mechanism on Democracy, the Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights15 , | deleted |
| 15 OJ C 395, 29.9.2021, p. 2. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| -A. whereas the EU is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities, as set out in Article 2 TEU and the Charter, and embedded in international human rights treaties; whereas these values should not be undermined but protected and promoted by the EU and each individual Member State in their internal and external action; whereas in the years 2024 and 2025, the EU and several Member States have shown a worrying decline in respect for these values; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; whereas the deterioration of the rule of law, the lack of judicial independence, the weakening of democratic checks and balances, as well as the instrumentalisation of constitutional norms are some worrisome characteristics of this trend; |
Nikola Bartůšek, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, Jaroslav Bžoch, Marieke Ehlers, Fabrice Leggeri, Matthieu Valet
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States as well as in the EU institutions through a so called 'cordon sanitaire' which is preventing democratically elected representatives from fully exercising their mandates and expressing the will of the voters; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; whereas the respect for the values enshrined in Article 2 TEU is an ongoing obligation after EU accession and a pre-condition for enjoying all Treaty rights and benefits deriving from EU membership; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States, notably in relation to the rule of law, the independence of the judiciary, anti-corruption efforts, and the protection of fundamental rights; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States while others also experiencing challenges affecting democratic standards, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas the EU must continue to support the rule of law in all Member States; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas democratic backsliding is being observed in several Member States; | A. whereas the Member States continue to be a model of democracy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A a. whereas the Union is founded on the common values enshrined in Article 2 TEU of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities – values that are common to the EU Member States and are reflected in the Charter and embedded in international human rights treaties; whereas the Charter is part of EU primary law; whereas democracy, the rule of law and fundamental rights are mutually reinforcing values which, when undermined, pose a systemic threat to the rights and freedoms of the people living in the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A a. whereas the Union’s existing rule of law mechanisms, including the Article 7 TEU procedure, the Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation and the annual Rule of Law Reports, represent important instruments for upholding the Union’s fundamental values; whereas their full and consistent implementation, accompanied by regular monitoring and follow-up actions, remains necessary to effectively address and prevent systemic challenges to the rule of law, including in Hungary and, more recently, in Slovakia; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A a. whereas the effective implementation of ECHR judgments is an essential component of safeguarding fundamental rights and upholding the rule of law within the Union; whereas recurrent delays or failures to implement such judgments risk undermining confidence in the European human-rights system; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A a. whereas the pending judgment in case C-769/22, Commission v Hungary, could establish Article 2 TEU as an autonomous legal basis, thereby strengthening infringement procedures in this regard; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; | B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; whereas the conclusions of Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index report for 2024 indicate that although ‘[t]he top scorer is Western Europe and the European Union, [...] it has decreased overall for the second year in a row – many leaders are serving business interests rather than the common good and laws are often poorly enforced’; whereas in some countries, such as Slovakia, governments are weakening anti-corruption frameworks by dismantling specialised and independent anti-corruption institutions, and in others, such as Poland, they are planning to dismantle long-standing and successful institutions, such as the Central Anti-Corruption Bureau (CBA); |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; | B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; whereas in its annual report, GRECO underlined concerns in several Member States, particularly as regards to the lack of: transparency in law-making process, a robust framework to prevent conflict of interests, a code of conduct for members of Government and public officials, access to information law reforms, as well as reinforcement of anti-corruption and integrity frameworks within law enforcement agencies 1a |
| 1a https://rm.coe.int/general-activity-report-greco-2024-045825-gbr-web-final-1-/1680b631a0 |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; | B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern, often linked to the erosion of democratic institutions and exploited by organised crime to infiltrate politics and the economy, distort democratic processes, and launder illicit money, thereby undermining citizens’ trust, transparency, and the rule of law; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; | B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern, undermining the rule of law, democratic accountability, and citizens’ trust in public institutions, as consistently highlighted in the Commission’s annual Rule of Law Reports; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; | B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern, since it weakens democratic accountability, pose a serious threat to good governance and erodes citizens trust in institutions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern; | B. whereas corruption remains a serious concern even after numerous scandals involving high-ranking current and former representatives of European institutions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B a. whereas there is a lack of adequate protection of whistle-blowers across the EU; whereas some Member States have not yet fully or correctly transposed the Whistleblower Directive1a; whereas during the years 2024 and 2025 the CJEU has sanctioned Czechia, Germany, Estonia, Luxembourg, Hungary and Poland for failing to transpose the Whistleblowers Directive1b; whereas whistle-blowers play an essential role in detecting and reporting wrongdoing, as well as in strengthening democratic accountability and transparency and their protection should be guaranteed and promoted; | |
| 1a https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/7cc63350-88c9-4c0b-a46e-04fc11e673e7_en?filename=COM_2024_269_1_EN_ACT_part1_v6.pdf | |
| 1b Judgments of the CJEU in Cases C-147/23 |Commission v Poland, C-149/23 | Commission v Germany, C-150/23 | Commission v Luxembourg, C-152/23 | Commission v Czech Republic, C-154/23 | Commission v Estonia and C-155/23 | Commission v Hungary |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B a. whereas ECHR case-law emphasises that pre-trial detention must remain an exceptional measure, applied only when strictly necessary and justified by relevant and sufficient reasons; whereas excessive or automatic use of pre-trial detention undermines the right to liberty, the presumption of innocence and the overall fairness of justice systems; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B b. whereas restoring trust at all levels of society, including in public institutions as well as in the judiciary and law enforcement, requires sustained anti-corruption efforts, ethical political leadership, robust independent oversight and a strong commitment to transparency, accountability and to the protection of core democratic values; whereas in its study on the examination of persons with top executive functions and law enforcement agencies, GRECO stressed that the absence of integrity checks for top executives in Governments and issues related to the recruitment and career of law enforcement personnel, particularly for top management positions, remain problematic1a; | |
| 1a https://rm.coe.int/horizontal-study-5th-round-eng/1680b631a3 |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas the Council of Europe 2025 annual assessment of press freedom in Europe shows that media capture, the lack of independence of public service media and AI-generated disinformation campaigns are growing threats across the EU and this is a direct risk to democracy1a; whereas preserving press freedom and ensuring the public’s access to independent, high-quality journalism, is one of the key pillars in a democratic society; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; whereas the safeguards provided for in the Directive should be extended to domestic and criminal cases; whereas the European Media Freedom Act entered fully into force on 8 August 2025; |
| 1a https://edoc.coe.int/en/media/12123-europe-press-freedom-report-2024-confronting-political-pressure-disinformation-and-the-erosion-of-media-independence.html |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, as illustrated by the latest Rule of Law Report of the European Commission which issues recommendations to several Member States to address concerns relating to media independence, political pressure and the persistence of attacks against press freedom, including SLAPPs; whereas the Media Pluralism Monitor also shows a deterioration in working conditions for journalists, including violence, harassment and intimidation, a growing concentration of media ownership and the impact of digital platforms and budget constraints; whereas further safeguards are still needed, including independent regulators, transparency of media ownership, protection from political interference and enhanced access to information and security for journalists; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Poland, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas the public service media in Poland were unlawfully taken over by the new authorities through being taken off the air and targeted by operations conducted by the secret services, and were subsequently put through a liquidation procedure; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; whereas the authorities in some countries, such as Poland, do not allow critical media outlets to attend press conferences, even in crisis situations such as floods, which constitutes a violation of fundamental civil rights, and also exert pressure on opposition media, including by putting pressure on advertisers; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; whereas in several Member States, journalists have been subjected to political smear campaigns, public denigration and orchestrated attempts to discredit their work, often accompanied by abusive legal actions and threats, creating a climate of fear and self-censorship that undermines the public’s right to information; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU must be supported; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU continues to rank highly on a global scale; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, particularly in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Hungary and Slovakia; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; | C. whereas media freedom across the EU remains under threat, with journalists and media workers facing pressure, harassment and violence; whereas strategic lawsuits against public participation (SLAPPs) remain a threat to media freedom; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C a. Emphasises that media pluralism and access to reliable information are essential components of the rule of law and of the fundamental right to freedom of expression and information, as enshrined in Article 11 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights; recalls FRA’s warning that the spread of disinformation and hate speech online polarises societies and weakens democracy; calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure full and rapid implementation of the European Media Freedom Act and to safeguard the independence and diversity of media as a precondition for free democratic discourse; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C a. whereas the 2025 European Commission Report on the rule of law situation in the European Union acknowledges Greece's significant progress on further advancing with the process of adopting legislative and non-legislative safeguards to improve the protection of journalists, in particular as regards abusive lawsuits against journalists and their safety, in line with the adopted Memorandum of Understanding on the “Protection, Safety and Empowerment of Journalists and Other Media Professionals” of May 2022, and taking into account European standards on the protection of journalists. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions, lack of resources and an unsafe environment, including increasing harassment and legal challenges; whereas according to MPM 2024 report, the precariousness of journalistic work has had a direct impact on the independence and quality of reporting across Europe; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | D. whereas some journalists and media workers in several countries are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment and must also deal with additional challenges including intimidation, legal threats, political interference, limited access to reliable funding and shrinking media pluralism; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; whereas many face threats, attacks and intimidation for their investigations, and some are forced to live under police protection due to ongoing death threats; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment in some Member States; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas journalists and media workers are suffering from precarious conditions and an unsafe environment; | D. whereas journalists and media workers must enjoy the rights and fulfil the duties conferred upon them by their position; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; whereas algorithmic manipulation increasingly shapes public opinion by amplifying false or extremist narratives; whereas deregulation on major platforms has deepened this trend, accelerating the spread of hate and manipulation; whereas the European Commission has opened investigations into several platforms under the Digital Services Act for failures to curb disinformation and protect users, including minors; whereas young people remain particularly exposed to algorithmic bias and propaganda without adequate digital literacy tools; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy and is amplified by the rise of social media and digital platforms, which accelerate the dissemination of false and manipulative content; whereas vulnerable groups, including minors, are particularly exposed online, facing targeted manipulation, harmful narratives and limited media literacy; whereas these same platforms can also play a positive role in access to knowledge, civic participation, community building, innovation and the promotion of fundamental rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; whereas bias in algorithms and the business model of social media platforms, based on micro-targeted advertising, play a role in spreading and amplifying hate speech and inciting discrimination, including racism, misogyny, and violence; whereas upcoming EU’s initiatives to combat disinformation, including the European Democracy Shield, must be fully consistent with international human rights standards; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of misinformation and disinformation have the potential to polarise and weaken democracy; whereas in the framework of combating disinformation the Union has adopted sanctions against EU citizens, including journalists, that have raised concerns as regards the compliance with the right to freedom of expression and the right to be heard; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas freedom of expression and information, as enshrined in Article 11 of the Charter, is a cornerstone of democracy; whereas this right is threatened by measures that, under the guise of combating hate speech, misinformation and disinformation, lead to the censorship of legitimate and critical opinions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation including state-sponsored and coordinated online campaigns, contributes to polarisation, erodes trust in democratic institutions, and threatens the integrity of electoral processes and public debate; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; whereas they are part of a broader range of hybrid threats aimed at undermining or harming democratically established governments, countries or alliances; |
Nikola Bartůšek, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, Jaroslav Bžoch, Marieke Ehlers, Fabrice Leggeri, Matthieu Valet
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; whereas the fight with 'disinformation' should not be treated as a veiled censorship aimed at eradicating dissenting opinions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas the spread of disinformation as well as unbalanced, one-sided reporting by the media and authorities can polarise and weaken democracy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas both the spread of disinformation and attempts by the authorities to censor and control public debate polarises and weakens democracy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas hybrid warfare and disinformation campaigns by hostile states pose a danger to the functioning of Europe’s democratic institutions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the spread of disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; | E. whereas classifying inconvenient theses as disinformation polarises and weakens democracy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E a. whereas disinformation originates not only from external malign actors, but also, increasingly, from political actors within the Union, including representatives of Member State governments and, in some instances, public administration officials entrusted with upholding and communicating EU law and policies; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E a. whereas, while there is a fundamental right to impart information and ideas, there is no inherent right to receive 'the truth' and it is not up to any government to determine 'the truth', nor the obligation to provide its citizens with 'the truth' |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Ea. whereas freedom of expression has deteriorated in Europe; expresses concern about the effects of the Digital Services Act and hate speech laws on freedom of expression, which is a cornerstone of democracy; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; whereas such practices constitute serious violations of the rights to privacy and freedom of expression; whereas, in the case of journalists, surveillance not only endangers their safety but also destroys the confidentiality of their sources, effectively preventing them from carrying out their work; whereas, despite mounting evidence and public notifications by companies such as Apple and Meta, national authorities have so far provided limited information on the scope, authorisation and accountability of these operations, leaving victims without clarity or redress; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas new technologies are being used to create predictions, profiles and risk assessments that affect people’s lives and can reproduce social biases; whereas facial recognition technologies have a chilling effect on the right to peaceful assembly and may have discriminatory effects; whereas biometric mass surveillance practices risk undermining fundamental rights; whereas disinformation can spread faster and further on social networks than facts; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems offer significant opportunities for innovation, economic growth and improved public services but also risk exacerbating discrimination and amplifying existing inequalities and creating new forms of bias; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies requires strict safeguards, transparency and democratic oversight in order to prevent abuses, protect fundamental rights and ensure full respect for privacy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk increasing algorithmic bias in a political context; whereas the use of spyware and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; stresses, furthermore, that facial recognition technology should not be introduced in a way that compromises privacy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, may risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and similar technologies may raise concerns for privacy and fundamental rights and should be subject to strict safeguards and clear legal frameworks |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the unlawful use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, risk exacerbating discrimination and existing inequalities; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies represent abusive and undemocratic practices; | F. whereas new technologies, including AI systems, must be better regulated so as to protect fundamental rights and individual freedoms; whereas the use of spyware, facial recognition and mass surveillance technologies must be regulated; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F a. whereas the European Parliament’s Committee of Inquiry on Pegasus and equivalent surveillance spyware (PEGA) found that spyware such as Pegasus, Predator and Graphite had been unlawfully used in several Member States against journalists, civil-society actors, lawyers, opposition figures and officials; whereas it identified serious breaches of privacy, data protection, and freedom of expression, and warned that such practices pose a systemic threat to democracy, the rule of law and fundamental rights in the Union; whereas the full implementation of the PEGA recommendations is essential to prevent further abuses; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F a. whereas many instances of disproportionate use of force against demonstrators continue to be reported across the EU, including the beating of demonstrators; whereas law enforcement authorities in some Member States are increasingly using less lethal weapons, such as batons, tear gas, hand-held sting grenades, electroshock weapons, water cannons and rubber bullets to control or disperse crowds of demonstrators; whereas the number of persons seriously wounded in demonstrations in recent years as a result of the use of less lethal weapons is particularly striking; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F a. whereas there has been widespread use, including by Governments, of spyware technologies in several Member States such as Greece, Cyprus, Italy, Hungary, Poland and Spain; whereas the use of spyware represents abusive and undemocratic practices, including the lack of effective redress, which undermine the rule of law and fundamental rights in our society; whereas advances in technology are making spyware infections harder to detect and far more widespread; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F a. whereas the combined use of various online manipulation techniques - including artificial intelligence, disinformation, illegal profiling and algorithmic amplification - poses a threat to key electoral principles such as voters’ freedom to form their opinion, transparency, equality of opportunity and fairness, and may ultimately undermine the legitimacy of entire electoral processes; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F b. whereas children across the EU are facing a growing mental health crisis driven by the unchecked influence of algorithmic techniques, such as addictive and manipulative design, “dark patterns” pushing children into extended screen time or promotion of harmful content; whereas this has negative effects on children’s healthy development, mental wellbeing and safety; whereas current EU legal frameworks governing the online environment do not sufficiently address the protection of children’s mental health online; |
Marco Tarquinio, Krzysztof Śmiszek, Elio Di Rupo, Alessandro Zan, Pina Picierno, Ana Catarina Mendes, Sandro Ruotolo, Murielle Laurent, Hannes Heide, Francisco Assis, Birgit Sippel
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F b. whereas recent journalistic investigations have revealed that certain EU funds may have been allocated to companies developing or marketing intrusive surveillance technologies, including spyware; whereas it is essential to ensure that no EU financial resources directly or indirectly support entities involved in the development, export or deployment of spyware or other surveillance tools that can be used to violate fundamental rights and the rule of law; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F b. whereas according to the Venice Commission, spyware technologies could be turned into a surveillance weapon that could be used to curtail fundamental rights, censor and criminalise criticism and dissent and harass, or even suppress, journalists, human rights activists, political opponents and civil society organisations, as shown by the multiple allegations and revelations1a; | |
| 1a https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2024)043-e |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; | G. whereas access to Union funds is a right to which Member States and their citizens are entitled, arising from the opening up of the single market and the principle of equal competition, and cannot be made conditional on politicised procedures for assessing compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU, but only on the proper and transparent spending of those funds, which is a fundamental condition for fair, equitable and stable support for less-developed regions and for equal opportunities within the European Union; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; | G. whereas there are situations where EU funds have been used in a way that lead to fundamental rights violations, including discrimination1a; whereas EU funds should be used in a manner that promotes and respects fundamental rights and does not result in any such violations; whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; |
| 1a https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/eu-funds |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; | G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds and EU should not attempt to exert financial pressure on Member States and violate the principle of subsidiarity by making access to funds conditional on compliance with the ideology of the ruling majority; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; | G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU, including respect for the rule of law, democracy and fundamental rights, is a fundamental prerequisite for accessing and implementing EU funds, as reflected in the Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is a fundamental prerequisite to accessing EU funds; | G. whereas compliance with the Union values laid down in Article 2 TEU is also essential on the part of the institutions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G a. whereas fundamental rights violations at borders, ill treatment as well as verbal and physical violence, have largely been reported; whereas pushbacks at the EU external borders have risen in recent years, becoming a practice in several Member States; whereas these include cases of migrants being mistreated by border guards or other officials and practices involving stopping asylum seekers at the border and forcibly returning them to the country they entered from without carrying out an individual assessment; whereas these practices violate fundamental rights, EU law and international human rights and refugee law, including the principle of non-refoulement and the prohibition of collective expulsions; whereas Member States and the EU have the responsibility to conduct thorough and effective investigations of fundamental and human rights violations; whereas fundamental rights violations often go unreported; whereas in those cases where investigations are carried out, there is evidence they are ineffective; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G a. whereas the limited progress in the ongoing Article 7(1) TEU procedure against Hungary and the absence of an equivalent mechanism to address emerging systemic threats in Slovakia underline the need to accelerate and strengthen existing processes; whereas achieving concrete and timely results in these procedures is essential to ensure the protection of fundamental rights and the credibility of the Union’s commitment to Article 2 TEU values; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G a. whereas ensuring public safety and security is a primary duty of a State towards its own citizens and an essential prerequisite for citizens to fully enjoy their fundamental rights and freedoms; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H. whereas the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights recommends carrying out comprehensive human rights risk assessments before engaging in external cooperation; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H. whereas the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights recommends carrying out comprehensive human rights risk assessments before engaging in external cooperation; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H. whereas the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights recommends carrying out comprehensive human rights risk assessments before engaging in external cooperation; | H. whereas according to the report entitled ‘Externalised asylum and migration policies and human rights law’ by the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, externalisation policies may engage the responsibility of Member States, in particular with regard to the principle of non-refoulement, the right to life, freedom from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment, the prohibition of collective expulsion and arbitrary detention, as well as the right to access effective remedies, as guaranteed by EU and UN Treaties, the Charter and the ECHR; whereas in his report the Council of Europe Commission for Human Rights has also stated that externalisation policies might result in people being subjected to torture or other ill-treatment, collective expulsions and arbitrary detention; whereas such policies might also hinder effective access to asylum and deprive individuals of legal remedies; whereas the main areas identified in the report in which risks are particularly acute include external processing of asylum claims, external return procedures, including through so-called ‘return hubs’, and the outsourcing of border control to other countries, some of which have a documented history of serious violations against people on the move; whereas the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights recommends carrying out comprehensive human rights risk assessments before engaging in external cooperation, reviewing the human rights impact on ongoing activities, define clear and non-negotiable principles that exclude any cooperation likely to put people at risk of fundamental rights violations, ensure adequate human rights preconditions and safeguards, and strengthen transparency, monitoring and accountability; whereas the division of responsibilities between Member States and EU bodies or agencies should never result in accountability gaps1a; |
| 1a https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/commissioner-calls-on-european-states-to-refrain-from-actions-in-externalised-migration-policies-that-may-lead-to-human-rights-violations-1 |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H a. whereas according to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, the detention of any child because of their or their parents’ migration status constitutes a child rights violation and contravenes the principle of the best interests of the child; whereas the PACE resolution entitled ‘AI and Migration’ underlines that asylum seekers should have the right to challenge AI-generated evidence, such as flawed interview summaries or biased analyses, through fast-track judicial review processes, that legal aid should be expanded to support such challenges, that reparations must be available where harm results from algorithmic errors, and that technological innovation must not come at the expense of fundamental rights1a; | |
| 1a https://pace.coe.int/pdf/320c92a9d8f83a482a1ea6ee003727206a43495d9a812728c1cfaa848ee2e7bf/doc.%2016240.pdf |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H b. whereas there is increasing evidence that EU Home Affairs Funds aimed at supporting border management, including in third countries, are contributing to fundamental rights violations; whereas Member States and the Commission must ensure respect for fundamental rights and compliance with the Charter in the implementation of EU Funds; whereas increased transparency and accountability and effective oversight in the allocation and use of EU funds and the assessment of the relevant programmes are key for ensuring compliance with the horizontal enabling conditions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H c. whereas the EU and several Member States have failed to introduce policies and practices to prioritize protecting the lives of refugees and migrants over the control of borders, take credible steps to deliver accountability for violations, reduce dependence on third countries in the area of migration management or expand safe and legal routes; whereas Member States responses to irregular migration undermine fundamental rights and the rule of law and perpetuate racialised narratives that cast migrants as threats to the status quo; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H d. whereas humanitarian assistance continues to be arbitrarily criminalized; whereas the obstruction of search and rescue activities by several Member States is causing hundreds of deaths at sea; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications are a justified response to a crisis caused by the instrumentalisation of migration, in which migrants who are legally and safely present on the territory of Russia or Belarus are involved in smuggling activities organised by the authorities of those countries as part of hostile hybrid activities; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas stopping irregular migration is essential; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures, but UE and its Member States have not only the right but also the obligation to protect their own territory and citizens, including against mass migration from culturally alien countries; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas Europe’s nations must retain sovereignty over the issue of migration; whereas, therefore, action taken by the Commission and the Member States to prevent the misuse of the asylum system for the purpose of illegal immigration must be encouraged and supported; whereas administrative and judicial return decisions must be complied with; whereas an effective returns policy for third-country nationals illegally present on EU territory must therefore be pursued immediately; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas the need to prevent the abuse of the European asylum system by smugglers, as well as the need to combat all forms of transnational organized crime is essential for managing migration effectively; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; |
Nikola Bartůšek, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, Jaroslav Bžoch, Marieke Ehlers, Fabrice Leggeri, Matthieu Valet
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of restoring security in our societies which have been overburdened by the influx of migrants; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas the new legislative framework under the EU Pact on Migration and Asylum establishes revised rules for asylum procedures, border management and solidarity; whereas its effective and lawful application requires full respect for fundamental rights and compliance with EU and international obligations; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas attempts to suspend the registration of asylum applications is a matter of serious concern; whereas the human rights of the people concerned must be respected, their protection needs assessed, and those who qualify for international protection must be given access to meaningful protection measures; | I. whereas several Member States continue to face significant operational pressure at their external borders; underlines that these challenges require a coordinated European response, including streamlined and effective procedures, in full accordance with the applicable EU and international framework; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I a. whereas the EU Roadmap for Women’s Rights and the Declaration of principles for a gender-equal society are welcomed initiatives although they have no enforcement power; whereas urgent efforts are needed to defend and promote gender equality, hence the Union of Equality; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I a. whereas women and girls face increasing and pervasive online violence, hate speech and hate crime which has specific and vicious consequences on their daily lives as well as their participation in public life and by consequence also equal representation; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I b. whereas the growing global influence of the so-called “manosphere” has given rise to online communities and male influencers promoting the false narrative that feminism and gender equality harm men, spreading misogynistic content, normalising violence against women and girls, and increasingly intersecting with extremist and radical movements; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas opposition to gender equality has escalated in in the last years; whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; whereas the European Court of Human Rights has ruled that restrictive abortion laws and lack of implementation violate women’s right to bodily autonomy and integrity; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas gender-based violence against women is unacceptable; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas violence towards a vulnerable person should be condemned; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion exposes women to serious risks and is therefore a form of gender-based violence as it also denies women’s autonomy and freedom of reproductive choice; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas gender-based violence, particularly against women and girls, including sexual violence and rape, remains high across the Union; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people still occurs, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is governed by national legislation, and the Union has no competence in this area; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas gender-based violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people remains pervasive, particularly for those experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas the denial of access to safe and legal abortion is a form of gender-based violence; | J. whereas violence against women and LGBTIQ+ people has increased in parallel with the arrival in the Member States of large numbers of migrants from countries where the rights of women and minorities are not respected; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J a. whereas sexual and reproductive healthcare services are essential healthcare services; whereas more than 20 million women in the EU still lack access to safe and legal abortion and other sexual and reproductive healthcare services and rights (SRHR) which puts women and girls at risk of physical harm as well as undue economic and mental stress; whereas this includes also women and girls victims of sexual violence who face the denial of such essential healthcare services as SRHR in some Member States, hindering their process of recovery from the offence; whereas the European Citizen´s Initiative named My Voice, My Choice calls on the EU to ensure access to safe and legal abortion for all while respecting the division of competences under the Treaties; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J a. whereas gender-based cyberviolence represents a continuation of offline gender-based violence in the online environment; whereas gender-based cyberviolence often leads to self-censorship and can have serious consequences for victims’ personal and professional lives; whereas responses from the criminal justice system remain insufficient to address this phenomenon; whereas training police officers in the soft skills needed to listen to, understand and respect all victims of gender-based violence is essential to counter underreporting and re-victimisation; whereas ensuring accessible reporting mechanisms and effective remedies is indispensable to creating a safer environment for all victims of gender-based violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J a. whereas children must be protected from all forms of depravity and corruption, including gender and transgender propaganda; whereas future generations must be educated to function in a healthy society, and whereas parents should have the right to raise their children in accordance with their own values; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J b. whereas discrimination based on sex, gender and other grounds is prohibited under Article 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU; whereas Member States as parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) are bound by its commitments, including Article 12 on the elimination of discrimination against women in the field of health care in order to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women, access to health care services, including those related to family planning; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J c. whereas denying access to safe and legal abortion in law and practice discriminates against women on grounds of sex by prohibiting a type of health care only required by women; whereas no similar restrictions exist on health services that are needed only by men;1a | |
| 1a CEDAW Inquiry concerning Poland conducted under article 8 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J c. whereas abortion, which is essentially the taking of innocent human life, remains legal on a broad basis in almost all Member States and is one of the leading causes of death in the EU; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J d. whereas total annual anti-gender funding in Europe rose from USD 220 million in 2019 to USD 271 million in 2023, which represents a 23% increase; whereas significant portion of the funding driving the growth of anti-gender movements across the EU comes from foreign actors; whereas the rise of anti-gender and anti-rights movements in the past years is a result of coordinated transnational efforts regarding organisation, fundraising and mobilisation; whereas research shows that these movements benefit from funding from a broad range of actors from the ultra-conservative and far-right spectrum;1a | |
| 1a The Next Wave: Howe religious extremisms is reclaiming power, p. 11. |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J e. whereas media reports show that EU funding has been awarded in the past to organisations that mislead women about their sexual and reproductive health; whereas all EU funding must align with the common values of the Union as enshrined in Article 2 TEU and the Charter of Fundamental Rights, ensuring that financial support reinforces the democratic values of the EU;1a | |
| 1a https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/anti-abortion-ngo-eu-funding-reproductive-health-programme/ |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU, with notable restrictions on the space for civil society and the right to peaceful assembly being witnessed in several Member States, including in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy and the Netherlands; whereas the UN Human Rights Council underlined that the global trend of backsliding of democracy and the rule of law as well as the securitization of agendas have exacerbated and deepened restrictions on the right to peaceful assembly1a; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) working in the protection and promotion of human and environmental rights and gender equality, including abortion rights, migration, democracy, and advocacy, have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; whereas vulnerable groups, such as LGBTIQ+ people, migrants, ethnic minorities and racialized communities are recurrent targets of hate speech and derogatory narratives; whereas this is an attempt to dehumanise and delegitimise the right of these groups to be treated as equal citizens; whereas NGOs faced criminal or administrative proceedings for acting in solidarity with migrants in the EU; whereas in several Member States including Bulgaria, Italy, Hungary, Romania, and Slovakia, anti-LGBTI narratives are being spread by politicians and media outlets, and anti-LGBTI legislation has been tabled and in some cases even adopted; whereas such situations run contrary to international human rights standards; |
| 1a https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4086729?ln=en&v=pdf |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas the Commission has been accused of pursuing its own political agenda through the funding of civil society organisations; |
Nikola Bartůšek, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, Jaroslav Bžoch, Marieke Ehlers, Fabrice Leggeri, Matthieu Valet
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on free speech across the EU; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Irena Joveva, Nikola Minchev
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU including through legal and financial restrictions, funding suspensions, smear campaigns, intimidation and criminalisation; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU including on the right to peaceful assembly and the right to protest both important values for a democratic society ; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values, including conservative values, have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas civil society organisations and human rights defenders engaged in the protection and promotion of fundamental rights play a vital role in safeguarding Union values; whereas their ability to operate freely and independently should be ensured and supported across all Member States; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified attack on civic space across the EU; whereas attacks on civil society organisations (CSOs) and human rights defenders (HRDs) that protect and promote Union values have increased and remain a matter of serious concern; | K. whereas there is an unprecedented and intensified abuse of civic space across the EU; whereas civil society organisations (CSOs) continue to be misused to fight against governments that do not share progressive ideas; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K a. whereas access to funding is crucial for civil society to thrive and to perform its watchdog role; whereas a vibrant civil society and an active civic space are essential pillars of democracy; whereas CSOs also play a crucial role in the provision of social services, particularly for marginalised communities; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K b. whereas in its political guidelines the Commission committed to step up its engagement with CSOs that have expertise and an important role to play in defending specific societal issues and upholding fundamental rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; whereas the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights has called on EU Member States to end their repression of HRDs assisting refugees, asylum seekers and migrants, and to refrain from using derogatory, inflammatory or stigmatising rhetoric about them and their role 10a; |
| 10a https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/europe-must-end-repression-of-human-rights-defenders-assisting-refugees-asylum-seekers-and-migrants |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for unlawfully assisting migrants; whereas there have been confirmed cases in which NGOs and individuals have collaborated, under the guise of humanitarianism, with smugglers and even collected money for helping to transport migrants; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas civil society organizations are close partners of the Member States in their efforts to protect and promote fundamental rights; whereas CSOs and HRDs, in the process of assisting refugees and migrants, should comply with European and international law, and the instructions of competent authorities; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas in all Member States support for the smuggling of refugees and migrants should be penalised; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for providing unlawful assistance to illegal migrants, which puts the native population at risk; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas in some Member States, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; |
Nikola Bartůšek, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, Jaroslav Bžoch, Marieke Ehlers, Fabrice Leggeri, Matthieu Valet
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas in some Member States, such as Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain, CSOs and HRDs have faced prosecution for assisting refugees and migrants; | L. whereas in some Member States, civil society organisations have breached the laws of those countries by assisting refugees and migrants; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | M. whereas adequate and sustainable EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); whereas cuts to funding for human rights organisations engaged in strategic litigation and advocacy in support of the most marginalised European communities seriously weaken civil society's ability to defend victims of discrimination, promote equality, ensure accountability and safeguard the rule of law and fundamental rights; whereas funding for racial justice organisations remains limited, fragmented and inconsistent; whereas in certain cases EU funds have supported initiatives that contribute to segregation or discriminatory practices, thereby undermining equality objectives; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | M. whereas the freeze of USAID funds is having a significant impact in civil society across the EU; whereas long-term predictable, adequate and sustainable EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); whereas the UN Human Rights Council called for ensuring funding for civil society actors to be in compliance with Member States’ international human rights obligations and commitments and are not misused to hinder the work or endanger the safety of civil society actors1a; |
| 1a https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4086729?ln=en&v=pdf |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | M. whereas appropriate EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF), which should be transparent and must not be used to support any ideological agenda, and its objectives must not be in conflict with the constitutional orders of Member States or undermine the democratic mandates of freely elected authorities; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | M. whereas, in the next multiannual financial framework, action should be taken to ensure that EU funding for civil society primarily responds to the deteriorating security situation in Europe, and that such funding is transparent and politically neutral; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | M. whereas EU funding for civil society should continue to be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF), with due regard for financial transparency, sound management and clear contractual obligations; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas EU funding for civil society should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); | M. whereas EU funding only for those activities that directly improve the standard of living of EU citizens should be ensured in the next multiannual financial framework (MFF); |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M a. whereas the upcoming EU Civil Society Strategy should aim at supporting, protecting and empowering civil society and at ensuring that EU policies are shaped and implemented in line with the values enshrined in Article 2 of the TEU and the Charter; whereas the Strategy should include ambitious initiatives and benchmarks to measure progress; whereas the Commission has announced its intention to create a Civil Society Platform which can centralise and harmonise the current engagement of civil society actors in EU policymaking: whereas the Platform should be co-designed and implemented with organised civil society; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M a. whereas there intensifying attempts in the EU seeking to limit or roll back fundamental rights of women and LGBTIQ people are of grave concern; whereas these attempts focus mostly on the area of reproductive healthcare and rights, gender identity and legal gender recognition or access to comprehensive sexuality education; whereas attacks on these areas are not only harmful to the most vulnerable members of society but also incompatible with the values of the EU and the international human rights framework and thus constitute violations of EU law; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M b. whereas at present, there are gaps in EU anti-discrimination legislation, with some grounds of discrimination only covered in the area of employment and occupation; whereas this lead to a patchwork of protection and the creation of an artificial ‘hierarchy of grounds’; whereas the Treaties and the Charter of Fundamental Rights give the EU a mandate and responsibility to combat discrimination in relation to all protected grounds; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Sophie Wilmès, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M c. whereas all Member States are bound to act in the best interest of the child, including by safeguarding the fundamental right of every child to family life and prohibiting the discrimination of the child on the basis of their parents’ marital status or sexual orientation, or the way the child was conceived; whereas around 2 million children may still face a situation in which their parents are not recognised as such in another Member State; whereas in 2022, the Commission proposed a Council regulation on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition of decisions and acceptance of authentic instruments in matters of parenthood and on the creation of a European Certificate of Parenthood, which is still pending final decision in the Council; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | deleted |
Nikola Bartůšek, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, Marieke Ehlers, Fabrice Leggeri, Jaroslav Bžoch, Matthieu Valet
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | N. whereas institutionalised and structural racism remain deeply embedded in governmental laws, policies and public institutions, including law enforcement and the justice system; whereas despite formal recognition of structural racism at EU level, it continues to manifest across key sectors in the Member States; whereas segregation, including in education, persistent discrimination in all areas of life, and repeated cases of hate speech and hate crime disproportionately affect racialised communities and other marginalised groups, such as LGBTIQ+ persons; whereas these structural barriers and human rights violations hinder equal access to rights, opportunities and justice across the Union; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | N. whereas concerns have been raised in some Member States regarding discriminatory or disproportionate practices within certain public services, including police forces, which must be properly investigated and addressed; whereas, at the same time, violence against law-enforcement authorities and other public officials remains a serious problem and must be effectively tackled; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | N. whereas discrimination and racism remain widespread across the EU; whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces, which has an impact on public trust in institutions and negatively impacts social cohesion; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | N. whereas the police play a vital role in protecting citizens; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services such as police forces; | N. whereas institutionalised racism is ingrained in governmental policies and public services in some countries; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N a. whereas any definition of anti-Semitism should make a clear distinction between a direct or indirect call for or justification of violence, hatred or intolerance towards Jewish people, and a legitimate criticism of the actions by the State of Israel; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred, reflecting systemic racial discrimination; whereas fears, misconceptions and ‘othering’ fuel discrimination and intolerance; whereas ECRI has raised concerns about xenophobic, homophobic and transphobic speech, including from politicians and public officials; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | O. whereas recent surveys conducted by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) among Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU reveal that these groups continue to experience widespread hatred, discrimination and intolerance; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | O. whereas high migration has resulted in the arrival in Europe of migrants who do not respect European values and who have been undermining the sense of security of both minorities and the majority population; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | O. whereas FRA has repeatedly exceeded its mandate; |
Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Nikola Minchev, Irena Joveva, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas FRA surveys of Black people, Jews, Muslims and LGBTIQ+ people in the EU show that they experience widespread hatred; | O. whereas FRA surveys show that various minority communities continue to report widespread experiences of hatred and discrimination in the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. Notes with concern that recent legislative and institutional reforms in Slovakia raise serious questions regarding compliance with the fundamental right to a fair trial and to an independent and impartial tribunal, as guaranteed by Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union; stresses that judicial independence is an indispensable component of the rule of law and a prerequisite for the effective protection of all other fundamental rights; notes in particular: that the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ), in its February 2025 letter, highlighted executive interference in the work of the National Judicial Council, emphasising that judicial councils must remain independent from parliamentary and executive influence; that the European Parliament, in its January 2024 resolution, expressed “profound concern” that the Slovak government’s plans to dissolve the Special Prosecutor’s Office and to reduce penalties for financial crime would undermine the integrity and independence of the judiciary and endanger the protection of the Union’s financial interests; that the European Commission, in its July 2025 warning on democratic backsliding in Slovakia, identified significant risks to judicial independence, anti-corruption frameworks, and the ability of the media and civil society to operate freely; whereas the latest country-specific “rule of law dashboard” ranks Slovakia’s perceived level of judicial independence as very low, underlining the need for urgent safeguards to ensure full respect for the right to a fair trial and an effective remedy; |
Lucia Yar, Hilde Vautmans, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Irena Joveva
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas the European Court of Human Rights in its KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland judgment recognised that the failure of States to take adequate measures against climate change can constitute a violation of the right to respect for private and family life under Article 8 of the Convention; whereas the ruling underlines the urgent need to provide an enforceable right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment within the framework of the European Convention on Human Rights, thereby ensuring consistency, foreseeability and protection for public; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas antisemitism persists in the Union and has intensified sharply in recent years, continuing to threaten Jewish life and security across the Union, as documented by the FRA and national authorities, with dramatically increasing numbers of hate crimes, online and offline harassment, and acts of violence targeting Jewish people, communities and places of worship, underscoring the need for effective prevention, protection and prosecution measures; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas the results of the FRA report "Rights of Roma and Travellers in 13 European countries - Perspectives from the Roma Survey 2024" reveal significant shortcomings in the implementation of the EU Roma Strategic Framework for Equality, Inclusion and Participation, and highlight the low likelihood of achieving its 2030 targets; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas ECRI has called on governments to actively promote the inclusion of migrants and combat any discrimination against them1a; | |
| 1a https://www.coe.int/en/web/european-commission-against-racism-and-intolerance/-/ecri-s-recommendations-on-integration-and-inclusion-of-migrants-new-factsheet |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Oa. whereas cases of Christianophobia are on the rise in the European Union, including attacks on churches and violence against Christians; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas Article 151 TFEU refers to fundamental social rights such as those set out in the European Social Charter; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O b. whereas constitutional and legislative amendments in Slovakia appear to prioritise the concept of “national identity” over fundamental rights, media pluralism and independent oversight; whereas in particular the September 2025 amendment to the Slovak Constitution, which recognises only two sexes and enshrines the primacy of national law in matters of identity, has been condemned by human rights organisations as a regression in the protection of fundamental rights; whereas such constitutional reforms, combined with sweeping changes to the governance of public media and reductions in penalties for corruption-related offences, risk structurally weakening the system of checks and balances; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O b. whereas Roma community continues to face systemic discrimination, segregation, social exclusion and police violence1a; whereas forced evictions against Roma people in Bulgaria have recently resulted in the displacement of over 200 individuals, including children, elderly people, and people with disabilities; whereas the CoE Commissioner for Human Rights has called for the implementation of judgments of the ECHR related to the rights of Roma people1b; | |
| 1a https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/the-unheard-12-million | |
| 1b https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/greece-should-ensure-that-roma-have-access-to-adequate-housing-and-are-not-subject-to-discriminatory-treatment-or-violence-by-law-enforcement-authorities |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O b. whereas the Hungarian Law on the Protection of Local Identity, which entered into force on 1 July 2025, grants municipal authorities the power to restrict residence based on arbitrary criteria such as education level, language proficiency or proof of employment; whereas such measures risk institutionalising racial segregation in housing and disproportionately affecting Roma communities, raising serious concerns about compliance with EU law and fundamental rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O b. whereas an open letter by nine European prime ministers and presidents calls for a reassessment of how the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) has developed its interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O c. whereas persons with disabilities living in the EU continue to face discrimination, including the denial of reasonable accommodation, harassment and multiple and intersectional forms of discrimination in all areas of their lives, including socio-economic disadvantages, social isolation, maltreatment and violence, including gender-based violence, forced sterilisation and abortion, lack of access to community services, low-quality housing, institutionalisation, inadequate healthcare and denial of the opportunity to contribute and engage actively in society; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O c. whereas racist policing and discriminatory law enforcement practices remain a serious concern across the Union; whereas racialised groups are disproportionately targeted by stop-and-search procedures, excessive use of force and harassment; whereas oversight and accountability mechanisms remain weak and are hindered by the lack of independent investigations; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O d. whereas racism and racial discrimination continue to persist in migration and asylum legislation and practices; whereas racialised migrants are disproportionately exposed to rights violations at the Union’s borders and within asylum and reception systems; whereas current EU frameworks and practices often perpetuate discriminatory patterns and lack explicit anti-racism safeguards, undermining the Union’s commitment to equality and fundamental rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O d. whereas the situation of intersex persons in the EU remains largely unknown to the public in the EU; whereas in April 2024, several Member States of the Council of Europe sponsored the first UN Human Rights Council’s Resolution on combating discrimination, violence and harmful practices against intersex people1a; | |
| 1a See Resolution 55/14 on combating discrimination, violence and harmful practices against intersex people adopted by the United Nations Human Rights Council on 4 April 2024. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O e. whereas the Racial Equality Directive has been insufficiently applied by most Member States; whereas the Council Framework Decision on Racism and Xenophobia has not been fully or correctly transposed by some Member States; whereas stronger efforts are needed to combat structural racism, including the impact of violent right-wing extremist narratives in social debate1a, and to ensure that Member States comply with EU anti-discrimination legislation; | |
| 1a https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52024DC0419 |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O e. whereas intersectional discrimination remains largely unaddressed in policy and practice; whereas the compounded impact of racism with gender, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex charateristics, socio-economic status, migration background and other grounds continues to be overlooked, leaving many victims without adequate protection, support or access to effective remedies; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O f. whereas historical injustices, including colonialism, slavery and the Holocaust, continue to shape structural racism in Europe today; whereas acknowledgement, remembrance and education about these injustices are essential to combating racism and promoting equality and fundamental rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O f. whereas there are considerable gaps in the protection afforded by the EU anti-discrimination framework; whereas every person in the EU has the equal right to become a full and active member of society and be equally treated; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O g. whereas access to justice for victims of racist hate crimes and other forms of hate crimes and discrimination remains severely limited in several Member States due to inadequate support services, barriers to recognising racist and hate motivation and weak enforcement of anti-discrimination legislation; whereas, as a consequence, racialised communities and other marginalised groups continue to face rights violations without access to effective remedies; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O g. whereas several Member States, including Bulgaria and Greece, have consistently ignored judgments from the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR); |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O h. whereas poverty, inequalities and social exclusion are increasing across the EU and this is a matter of concern; whereas housing inequality and the number of homeless people have both increased at an alarming rate in several Member States1a; whereas forced evictions are also a concern; whereas the right to adequate housing is a universal human right recognised in the international human rights law and the European Social Charter; whereas ensuring the right to housing for all is not only a legal obligation but a cornerstone of social justice and democratic stability; | |
| 1a https://pace.coe.int/en/files/34542/html |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O h. whereas socio-economic inequalities remain deeply racialised, with persistent and structural disparities in access to education, healthcare, housing, employment and wealth accumulation, which continue to exclude racialised groups from equal participation in society and perpetuate intergenerational cycles of poverty and marginalisation; |
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Sources & citation
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- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 25 September 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “AMENDMENTS 1 - 229 - Draft report Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025”. Text, 12 November 2025. docId LIBE-AM-779630. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/LIBE-AM-779630 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: EP Open Data API: document record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/documents/LIBE-AM-779630 (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-text-libe-am-779630,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{AMENDMENTS 1 - 229 - Draft report Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-11-12},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/LIBE-AM-779630}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/LIBE-AM-779630},
urldate = {2026-09-25},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Text. docId LIBE-AM-779630. Data: EP Open Data API: document record (CC BY 4.0)}
}