Text · Amendment list
Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU
Document CJ01-AM-775763 · 2025/2040(INI)
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- Amendment list CJ01-AM-775763
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- 22 July 2025
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- Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender Equality
- Dossier
- 2025/2040(INI)
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| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union, | – having regard to Articles 2 and Article 3(3) of the Treaty on European Union |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Articles 8, 10 and 19 and Article 83(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Article 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, | – having regard to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, in particular Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 12, 21 and 47 thereof, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, adopted by the UN on 15 September 1995, and to the outcomes of the relevant review conferences, | – having regard to the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, adopted by the UN on 15 September 1995, and to the outcomes of the relevant review conferences, which set out a number of objectives aimed at improving women's condition in the world, none of which include a definition of rape, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Articles 21 and 3 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and to Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union, which establishes gender equality as a core value of the Union, to be mainstreamed across all policies and programmes, | – having regard to Articles 21 and 3 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and to Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union, which establishes equality between men and women as a core value of the Union, to be mainstreamed across all policies and programmes, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), in particular Article 36 thereof, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), in particular Article 36 thereof, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), in particular Article 36 thereof, | – having regard to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), in particular Article 36 thereof, and the country-monitoring reports by the Group of Experts on Action against Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (GREVIO), |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), in particular Article 36 thereof, | – having regard to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), in particular Article 36 thereof, which requires the criminalisation of non-consensual sexual acts, and which the EU ratified in 2023, |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU accession to the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Council of Europe Second General Report on GREVIO Activities of April 2021 |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, and in particular Article 7(1)(g) thereof, | deleted |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, and in particular Article 7(1)(g) thereof, | – having regard to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, and in particular Article 7(1)(g) thereof, which recognises rape and other forms of sexual violence as crimes against humanity when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to General recommendation No. 35 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women on gender-based violence against women, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the report submitted to the forty-seventh session of the Human Rights Council, entitled ‘Rape as a grave, systematic and widespread human rights violation, a crime and a manifestation of gender-based violence against women and girls, and its prevention’, as well as its accompanying framework for a model legislation on rape, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Article 83(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which allows Parliament and the Council to establish minimum rules on the definition of criminal offences and sanctions in the areas of particularly serious crime with a cross-border dimension, including gender-based violence, | – having regard to Article 4(2)(j) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Article 83(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which allows Parliament and the Council to establish minimum rules on the definition of criminal offences and sanctions in the areas of particularly serious crime with a cross-border dimension, including gender-based violence, | – having regard to Article 83(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which allows Parliament and the Council to establish minimum rules on the definition of criminal offences and sanctions in the areas of particularly serious crime with a cross-border dimension, and which provides a comprehensive list of the areas of crimes concerned, omitting any definition of rape, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to Article 83(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which allows Parliament and the Council to establish minimum rules on the definition of criminal offences and sanctions in the areas of particularly serious crime with a cross-border dimension, including gender-based violence, | – having regard to Article 83(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which allows Parliament and the Council to establish minimum rules on the definition of criminal offences and sanctions in the areas of particularly serious crime with a cross-border dimension, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 16 September 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU, which stressed that gender-based violence is a serious violation of human rights and dignity and that rape is a form of gender-based violence, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Commission proposal of 8 March 2022 for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on combating violence against women and domestic violence (COM(2022)0105), which included the extension of the list of EU crimes under Article 83(1) TFEU to include gender-based violence, and to Parliament’s resolution of 16 September 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU3, | deleted |
| 3 OJ C 117, 11.3.2022, p. 88. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Commission proposal of 8 March 2022 for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on combating violence against women and domestic violence (COM(2022)0105), which included the extension of the list of EU crimes under Article 83(1) TFEU to include gender-based violence, and to Parliament’s resolution of 16 September 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU3, | – having regard to the Commission proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 March 2022 on combating violence against women and domestic violence (COM(2022)0105), |
| 3 OJ C 117, 11.3.2022, p. 88. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Commission proposal of 8 March 2022 for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on combating violence against women and domestic violence (COM(2022)0105), which included the extension of the list of EU crimes under Article 83(1) TFEU to include gender-based violence, and to Parliament’s resolution of 16 September 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU3, | – having regard to the Commission proposal of 8 March 2022 for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on combating violence against women and domestic violence (COM(2022)0105), which included the extension of the list of EU crimes under Article 83(1) TFEU to include gender-based violence, as well as a definition of the crime of rape despite the lack of any appropriate legal basis for doing so, and to Parliament’s resolution of 16 September 2021 with recommendations to the Commission on identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU3, |
| 3 OJ C 117, 11.3.2022, p. 88. | 3 OJ C 117, 11.3.2022, p. 88. |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Commission proposal of 6 February 2024 for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast) (COM(2024) 60 final), which includes a definition of a non-consensual act, and to Parliament’s position adopted on 17 June 2025 on the same1α, | |
| 1α P10_TA(2025)0116. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-10-2025-0116_EN.pdf |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence and for comprehensive sexual education promoting consent awareness, | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence and for comprehensive sexual education promoting consent awareness, | – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence and for comprehensive sexual education focusing on age segments and background – the environment that people come from, promoting consent awareness, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence and for comprehensive sexual education promoting consent awareness, | – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence and for comprehensive sexual education promoting consent awareness, | – having regard to the EU strategy for gender equality 2020-2025, which calls for enhanced protection against gender-based violence and for sexual education promoting consent awareness, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the principle of ‘leaving no one behind’, and in particular to Sustainable Development Goals 3, 4, 5, 10 and 16, which together call for the elimination of sexual violence, the achievement of gender equality, access to justice, inclusive education on consent and respect, and the protection of all individuals’ physical and mental integrity, |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the European Parliament’s resolution ‘Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence: EU accession’1a | |
| 1a https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52023IP0047 |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 13 a having regard to the ECtHR case law M.C. v. Bulgaria where the Court established the positive obligation of States to enact criminal law provisions to effectively investigate and punish rape, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Communication No. 34/2011, urging states to revise rape legislation by removing requirements of force or proof of penetration and placing the absence of consent at the core of the offence, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers’ 2002 Recommendation on the Protection of Women against Violence, which urges member states to penalise any sexual act committed against non-consenting persons, even if no physical resistance is shown, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the European Court of Human Rights judgment in M.C. v. Bulgaria (2003), which established that requiring proof of physical resistance risks leaving certain types of rape unpunished and that Articles 3 and 8 ECHR require the penalisation and effective prosecution of any non-consensual sexual act, including in the absence of physical resistance, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the judgment in J.L. v. Italy (2021), which found that reliance on stereotypes and victim-blaming during rape trials constitutes a violation of the right to respect for private life under Article 8 ECHR, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the scope of violence against women and girls in both online and offline spaces, including technology-facilitated sexual violence, harassment, non-consensual image sharing, and coercive control, which disproportionately affect women and marginalised groups and remain largely unaddressed by current criminal law frameworks, |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to its resolution of 15 February 2023 on the proposal for a Council decision on the conclusion, by the European Union, of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (COM(2016)0109 — 2016/0062R(NLE)), |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Yogyakarta Principles, adopted in November 2006, and the Yogyakarta Principles Plus 10, adopted in November 2017, |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the area of freedom, security and justice as well as the free movement of persons established in Article 3 of the Treaty on European Union; having regard to the freedom of movement established in Article 45 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the surveys and reports from the EU Agency for Fundamental Rights, in particular the surveys of 2014 and 2024 on gender-based violence in the EU and the 2024 report on LGBTIQ+ people in Europe, |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the right to a fair trial established in Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union; having regard to the provisions on mutual recognition of judgements as well as police and judicial cooperation in Article 82 TFEU, |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the EU gender-based violence survey of 2024, according to which 17.2 % of the women in the EU Member States have experienced sexual violence1α, | |
| 1α FRA, EIGE, Eurostat (2024), EU gender-based violence survey – Key results. Experiences of women in the EU-27, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, p. 14. https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/eu-gender_based_violence_survey_key_results.pdf |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| – having regard to the Fundamental Rights Report 2025 of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, in particular to the Agency’s opinion that EU Member States that have ratified the Istanbul Convention should criminalise sexual violence using consent-based definitions of rape and other forms of sexual violence1α, | |
| 1α European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Rights Report 2025, p. 77. https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2025-fundamental-rights-report-2025_en.pdf |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| -A. whereas gender equality and non-discrimination are is a core values of the EU, fundamental rights and key principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights, and essential conditions for progress; whereas discrimination based on sex, gender and other grounds is prohibited under Article 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | deleted |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas gender-based violence remains one of the most pervasive and underreported violations of human rights in Europe and demands a European response; whereas gender-based sexual violence is one of the most significant gender equality issues; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights, through the Articles 21 and 23, in order to ensure equality and non-discrimination; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination which is discrimination based on a combination of sex and any other ground or grounds of discrimination protected under Directive 2000/43/EC or 2000/78/EC; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination, and their experiences of discrimination vary according to their multiple identities and the way in which these interact, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas equality between men and women is a core value of the Union enshrined in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union and an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through Article 23 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas women and men experience intersecting forms of discrimination; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; whereas no real progress on gender equality can be made without an intersectional approach; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas any individual, male or female, can experience intersecting forms of discrimination, and whereas women are particularly vulnerable to these forms of discrimination; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas all discrimination on grounds of sex is prohibited under the principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience many forms of discrimination; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A. whereas intersectionality is an important guiding principle enshrined in EU primary law through the Charter of Fundamental Rights; whereas women experience intersecting forms of discrimination; | A. whereas everyone should enjoy effective protection from all forms of discrimination, in accordance with the principle of equality and respect for human dignity, as enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A a. whereas the sexual violence and in particular rape, is rooted in patriarchal beliefs, in historically unequal power relations, gender stereotypes, heteropatriarchal structures and power asymmetries and structural and institutional inequalities; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| A b. whereas rape is one of the most persuasive and brutal forms of violence against women and girls; whereas according to European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), one in 10 women has experienced some form of sexual violence since the age of 15, and one in 20 women has been raped [by the use of force] since the age of 15; whereas LGBTIQ+ persons also suffer sexual violence because of their gender, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; | deleted |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; | B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape on the basis of a lack of consent in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; whereas the EU does not have a single, harmonized legal definition of rape at the level of Member States; whereas each EU country maintains its own legal definition, with some focusing on the absence of consent and others focusing on the use of force or threat; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; | B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence included the definition of rape as a criminal offence in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; whereas the Parliament’s position showed a strong support in favour of the criminalization of rape based on the lack of consent to be maintained in the directive; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; | B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal, but this area cannot be deemed an EU competence, in accordance with Article 83(1) of the TFEU; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; | B. whereas Parliament’s position and mandate on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B. whereas Parliament’s position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; | B. whereas Parliament’s majority position on the directive on violence against women and domestic violence was strongly in favour of including the offence of rape in the text, as in the Commission’s proposal; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B a. whereas the current international human rights legal framework acknowledges rape as both a violation of human rights and a form of gender-based violence predominantly affecting women and girls; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B a. whereas the directive on violence against women contains a strong article on consent, in the part dedicated to prevention; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B b. whereas rape is recognized as a grievous act that can, under certain circumstances, be tantamount to torture; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| B c. whereas the Council, when expressing its position through its general approach, followed the opinion of the Council Legal Service1a, which was of the opinion that the legal basis of “sexual exploitation” (Article 83(1) TFEU) does not cover crimes like rape; | |
| 1a https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-14277-2022-INIT/en/pdf |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; | C. whereas rape is a serious crime and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; | C. whereas Article 83 TFEU cannot be interpreted in such an expansive way as to form a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape, because rape would be deemed to be a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and fall within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’ in that article; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; | C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a particularly serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; | C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime that can have a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; | C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is applicable as a legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is a serious crime with a cross-border dimension and falls within the area of crime of ‘sexual exploitation of women and children’; | C. whereas Article 83 TFEU is an inadequate legal basis for legislative proposals regarding the offence of rape because rape is not a crime with a cross-border dimension and its punishment falls within Member States' competences; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C a. whereas rape constitutes one of the most serious forms of gender-based violence that breaches a person’s physical, psychological and sexual integrity and bodily autonomy and has severe and lasting effects on survivors; whereas the definitions of rape in national legislations differ from country to country and this impacts people’s awareness of what constitutes an act of sexual violence and undermines the protection of victims; whereas the nature of the offence of rape shows the need to combat rape on a common basis at EU level; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C a. whereas Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Poland, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden have adopted consent-based legislation, and the ongoing progress made by France in this respect is welcome; whereas Iceland, Montenegro, Norway, Ukraine and the United Kingdom have also adopted consent-based legislation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C a. whereas several Member States have already introduced consent-based definitions in their criminal codes which resulted in more just prosecution of sexual abuse crimes and increased public awareness; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C a. whereas many Member States have already introduced consent-based definitions in their criminal codes which resulted in more efficient prevention and prosecution of sexual abuse crimes; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| C b. whereas in September 2021 the Parliament adopted a resolution to identify gender-based violence as a new area of crime listed in Article 83(1) TFEU; whereas the resolution already called on Member States to amend the definitions of ‘rape’ in their national law so that they are based on the absence of consent, as laid down in the Istanbul Convention; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D. whereas acts of sexual violence are criminalised under international human rights law in both war and peacetime; whereas the legal interpretation of rape as a war crime, as per the International Criminal Court, includes the absence of consent as a crucial element; | D. whereas acts of sexual violence are criminalised under international human rights law in both war and peacetime; whereas the legal interpretation of rape as a war crime, as per the International Criminal Court, includes the absence of consent as a crucial element; whereas according to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) definitions based on the use of force as the main constituent element of the crime offer inadequate protection to victims of sexual violence and jeopardise the effective protection of the individual’s sexual autonomy; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D a. whereas rape constitutes one of the most serious forms of gender-based violence, and whereas the lack of harmonised legal definitions across Member States undermines the rights of victims, impedes cross-border cooperation, and contributes to impunity for perpetrators, while several Member States still define rape based on the use of force or threat, thereby excluding many victims from legal protection; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D a. whereas rape is a violation of a range of human rights, including the right to bodily integrity, the rights to autonomy and to sexual autonomy, the right to privacy, the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, women’s right to equality before the law and the rights to be free from violence, discrimination, torture and other cruel or inhuman treatment; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| D b. whereas studies show that a reaction known as 'frozen fright' or 'tonic immobility', rather than active physical resistance to the perpetrator, is the most common response among survivors of rape; whereas this reality cannot be ignored in order to ensure access to justice for survivors of rape and to promote a legal and social environment where rape is no longer tolerated; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union arises from the importance of ensuring more consistent protection and equal access to justice for victims across all Member States, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; whereas the absence of harmonised definitions undermines victims’ legal certainty and access to justice, when exercising their freedom of movement throughout the Union; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas by ratifying the Istanbul Convention, most EU Member States have committed to combating rape and ensuring a minimum level of protection for women in their national laws in line with the provisions of the Convention; whereas EU action in this area is restricted solely to the competences set out in Council Decision (EU) 2023/1076 of 1 June 2023 and listed in the annex to Council document 6088/23 of 9 February 2023; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change especially for new comers on the EU continent in order to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union in order to ensure equal opportunities and social justice for all women, by introducing a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent with a clear definition of the latter; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas combating the offence of rape on a common basis is particularly important in the Member States, with a number of key elements: the need for Member States to ensure a high level of protection for women, the need to ensure that this level of protection is also safeguarded in situations where women are victims of rape outside their home countries, and the Member States’ need and obligation to align law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards such as the Istanbul Convention, which requires the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; | E. whereas the cross-border dimension of the offence of rape results from the special need to combat rape on a common basis within the European Union, with a number of key elements: the need to ensure a minimum level of protection for all women in all Member States, the need to ensure a minimum level of protection when women exercise their freedom of movement throughout the Union, and the need and obligation to align EU law with international standards that require the criminalisation of rape on the basis of a lack of consent; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E a. whereas there is a need to ensure an equivalent level of protection to persons enjoying the right of free movement within the Union as Member States having notably differing rape legislation in place may constitute a barrier to free movement, if insufficient protections make it so that travelling is not considered safe; whereas rape, including elements possibly preceding the crime, such as grooming and online scams, can take place in cross-border contexts; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| E a. whereas victims of rape experience severe and long-lasting consequences, including social and economic consequences - such as loss of employment, financial dependence, housing instability and reduced participation in education or the workplace - which compound the effects of violence and entrench gender inequality; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence, without prejudice to the national competences of the Member States, in accordance with recital 5 of Council Decision (EU) 2023/1076 of 1 June 2023; whereas the Union's exclusive competences are restricted to judicial cooperation in criminal matters and to the Convention's provisions on asylum and non-refoulement, in accordance with recital 6 of Council Decision (EU) 2023/1076 of 1 June 2023; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; whereas Member States that have ratified and implemented the Convention have seen improved judicial outcomes, including higher reporting and conviction rates; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five - Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Lithuania and Slovakia - have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention but five have yet to ratify it, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; | F. whereas all Member States have signed the Istanbul Convention, and the EU acceded to the Convention in 2023 for areas under its exclusive competence; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| F a. whereas the provision on a consent based rape definition of the Istanbul Convention has been an important turning point for the legal reform, shifting from the traditional approach where the definition of rape implies the assumption of violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention obliges the criminalisation of all non-consensual sexual acts and specifies that ‘consent must be given voluntarily as the result of the person’s free will assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances’; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention obliges the criminalisation of all non-consensual sexual acts and specifies that ‘consent must be given voluntarily as the result of the person’s free will assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances’; | G. whereas although Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention obliges the criminalisation of all non-consensual sexual acts and specifies that ‘consent must be given voluntarily as the result of the person’s free will assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances’, paragraph 193 of the explanatory report to the Convention, concerning the application of that article, states that 'it is, however, left to the Parties to decide on the specific wording of the legislation and the factors that they consider to preclude freely given consent'; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| G. whereas Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention obliges the criminalisation of all non-consensual sexual acts and specifies that ‘consent must be given voluntarily as the result of the person’s free will assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances’; | G. whereas Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention obliges the criminalisation of all non-consensual sexual acts and specifies that ‘consent must be given voluntarily as the result of the person’s free will assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances’; whereas this principle is consistent with rulings by the European Court of Human Rights and national case law; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H. whereas the term ‘sexual exploitation’ in Article 83(1) TFEU is not limited to trafficking alone, as such a narrow interpretation would unjustly confine ‘trafficking in human beings and sexual exploitation of women and children’ to trafficking offences; whereas the wording and legislative practice, including Directive 2011/93/EU4, show that ‘sexual exploitation’ covers a broader range of offences, including sexual abuse; whereas sexual exploitation commonly refers to the unjust use of another person for sexual benefit, involving victim vulnerability, which is central to the crime of rape; | H. whereas the term ‘sexual exploitation’ in Article 83(1) TFEU is not limited to trafficking alone, as such a narrow interpretation would unjustly confine ‘trafficking in human beings and sexual exploitation of women and children’ to trafficking offences; whereas the wording and legislative practice, including Directive 2011/93/EU4, show that ‘sexual exploitation’ covers a broader range of offences, including sexual abuse; whereas sexual exploitation commonly refers to the unjust use of another person for sexual benefit, i.e. a manifestation of the historically unequal power relations between women and men which leads to discrimination and slows down the full advancement of women in society, while also involving victim vulnerability, which is central to the crime of rape; |
| 4 Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13⁰December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (OJ L 335, 17.12.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/93/oj). | 4 Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of 13⁰December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (OJ L 335, 17.12.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/93/oj). |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H. whereas the term ‘sexual exploitation’ in Article 83(1) TFEU is not limited to trafficking alone, as such a narrow interpretation would unjustly confine ‘trafficking in human beings and sexual exploitation of women and children’ to trafficking offences; whereas the wording and legislative practice, including Directive 2011/93/EU4, show that ‘sexual exploitation’ covers a broader range of offences, including sexual abuse; whereas sexual exploitation commonly refers to the unjust use of another person for sexual benefit, involving victim vulnerability, which is central to the crime of rape; | H. whereas the term ‘sexual exploitation’ in Article 83(1) TFEU cannot be interpreted expansively to include rape, as the wording and legislative practice, including Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence, limit the interpretation of the term 'sexual exploitation' to the following offences: female genital mutilation, forced marriage, the non-consensual sharing of intimate or manipulated material, cyber stalking, cyber harassment and cyber incitement to violence or hatred; whereas Directive 2011/83/EU4 also limits the scope of the term 'sexual exploitation' of children to offences relating to children's involvement in pornographic performances or child prostitution; |
| 4 Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13⁰December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (OJ L 335, 17.12.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/93/oj). | 4 Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13⁰December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (OJ L 335, 17.12.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/93/oj). |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| H. whereas the term ‘sexual exploitation’ in Article 83(1) TFEU is not limited to trafficking alone, as such a narrow interpretation would unjustly confine ‘trafficking in human beings and sexual exploitation of women and children’ to trafficking offences; whereas the wording and legislative practice, including Directive 2011/93/EU4, show that ‘sexual exploitation’ covers a broader range of offences, including sexual abuse; whereas sexual exploitation commonly refers to the unjust use of another person for sexual benefit, involving victim vulnerability, which is central to the crime of rape; | H. whereas the term ‘sexual exploitation’ is not limited to trafficking alone, as such a narrow interpretation would unjustly confine ‘trafficking in human beings and sexual exploitation of women and children’ to trafficking offences; whereas the wording and legislative practice, including Directive 2011/93/EU4, show that ‘sexual exploitation’ covers a broader range of offences, including sexual abuse; whereas sexual exploitation commonly refers to the unjust use of another person for sexual benefit, involving victim vulnerability, which is central to the crime of rape; |
| 4 Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13⁰December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (OJ L 335, 17.12.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/93/oj). | 4 Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13⁰December 2011 on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (OJ L 335, 17.12.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/93/oj). |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Ha. whereas Article 3(1) of Regulation (EU) 2016/794 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol) states that 'Europol shall support and strengthen action by the competent authorities of the Member States and their mutual cooperation in preventing and combating serious crime affecting two or more Member States, terrorism and forms of crime which affect a common interest'; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency or chemical submission can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; notes the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men and therefore calls on the Member States to resolutely root out all forms of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency or chemical submission can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas, nevertheless, Article 83(1) TFEU is not an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, physical or mental condition such as state of fear, intimidation, unconsciousness, intoxication, chemical submission, sleep, illness, bodily injury, disability or in an otherwise particular vulnerable situation or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas a consent-based legal model helps address prevalent types of rape where the victim is unable to form free will due to their physical or mental condition, such as tonic immobility, freezing, a state of unconsciousness, sleep, intoxication, surprise, illness or other conditions; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, and can compromise a person's capacity to give free and informed consent which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency or chemical submission can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats made directly against the person or their family, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, surprise, chemical submission including voluntary drunkenness, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, financial and psychological dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination create vulnerabilites and peril and can prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or structural and intersectional discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; | I. whereas factors such as coercion, force, threats, dependency, chemical submission, or discrimination can create vulnerability and prevent free consent, which is key in rape cases; whereas the opinion of 31 October 2022 of the Council’s Legal Service on the Commission proposal on violence against women and domestic violence recognises that ‘sexual exploitation of women’ can autonomously include rape; whereas this interpretation is consistent with the Treaties’ commitment to equality between women and men; whereas therefore, Article 83(1) TFEU is an appropriate legal basis for establishing minimum EU rules on the definition of rape; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| I a. whereas a consent-based legal model helps address prevalent types of rape where the victim is unable to form free will due to their physical or mental condition, such as tonic immobility, freezing, a state of unconsciousness, sleep, intoxication, surprise, illness or other conditions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Ia. whereas violence against victims also includes cyber harassment via unsolicited and/or abusive sexually explicit emails and/or text messages, or abusive and/or inappropriate advances on social networks; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; | J. whereas it should be self-evident that sexual autonomy and bodily integrity are inviolable; whereas the purpose of consent-based rape legislation is to strengthen the protection of sexual autonomy and bodily integrity; whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; whereas rape legislation not based on consent does not place sufficient focus on the victim's willingness to participate; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; | J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; whereas comprehensive consent based sexuality and relationship education is key to address gender norms and prevent all forms of gender-based violence including rape; whereas shifting to a consent-based culture is also key to ensure an environment of mutual respect and safety where healthy social interactions are at the center; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; | J. whereas a relevant model of rape law should acknowledge that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, when the victim is subject to moral coercion, for example in a scenario where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; | J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated even in situations where there is no physical violence being used, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; | J. whereas shifting to a model of rape law based on freely expressed consent is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is critical in acknowledging that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics or abuse of power; | J. whereas it is critical to examine the shift to a consent-based model of rape law in the Member States so as to better acknowledge that sexual autonomy and integrity can be violated in situations where there is no physical violence, such as where there are coercive dynamics; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J a. whereas all people have a right to make decisions governing their bodies, free from discrimination, coercion and violence; whereas deeply rooted gender stereotypes related to women’s sexuality and morality contribute to rape culture and outdated stereotypes and result in the stigmatisation and discriminatory treatment of certain women and other people, based on their transgression of gendered social and sexual norms or for not conforming to gender roles; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Ja. whereas limitation periods are an important part of a consent-based model of rape legislation; whereas the threshold for investigating a reported crime is very easily exceeded in the consent-based model of rape legislation; whereas overly long limitation periods are likely to make it possible for this factor to be exploited; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J a. whereas the absence of voluntary participation should be central in legislation on rape; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J b. whereas consent-based rape legislation is also necessary in order to more effectively cover situations where the sexual act begins so abruptly that the victim has no opportunity to express their will or defend themselves before the act is initiated; whereas consent-based rape legislation is also essential to better address situations in which the victim is unable to oppose the act due to fear; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J b. whereas according to the FRA, violence against LGBTQ people has increased in the past years with trans women being disproportionately exposed to physical and sexual violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| J c. whereas it is estimated that two thirds of people selling sex experience violence including rape; whereas there is limited access to justice for people selling sex due to discriminatory stereotypes; whereas people selling sex are reticent to report cases of rape to authorities due to the fear of being ignored, receiving no support, or being fined, detained or deported; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; | K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; whereas the low reporting and conviction rates of rape cases show the systematic deficiencies in the way law enforcement authorities and judicial systems address cases of rape, which in turn results in a widespread culture of impunity and a serious impairment to gender equality; |
| 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. | 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; | K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with effective access to justice5, as evidenced by the low percentage of complaints among victims, and the lack of assistance in line with their needs, or availability of accessible procedures; whereas consent-based rape legislation is crucial in strengthening victims’ rights and increasing reporting; |
| 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. | 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; | K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation demonstrates the need to improve the efficiency of investigation and prosecution of the crime of rape, while taking into account special needs of the victims, including by providing them with adequate protection and comprehensive support as well as by strengthening victim-friendly and trauma-sensitive approach in criminal proceedings; |
| 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5; | K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation sometimes shows the profound failure of certain justice systems to provide complainants with access to justice that also respects the principles of the presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial, as provided for in Article 6 of the ECHR and Article 48 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights; |
| 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; | K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation demonstrates the need for further improvement in justice systems and legal frameworks, especially where consent is not adequately addressed in order to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; |
| 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. | 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide survivors with access to justice5 ; | K. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation shows the profound failure not only of justice systems, but also of outdated laws that are not based on consent, to provide victims with access to justice5 ; |
| 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. | 5 Council of Europe, Case of L. and Others v. France: Criminal-law system inadequate for the punishment of all non-consensual sexual acts, exposing rape victim to secondary victimisation, news article, 24 April 2025, https://www.coe.int/en/web/istanbul-convention/-/case-of-l-and-others-v-france-criminal-law-system-inadequate-for-the-punishment-of-all-non-consensual-sexual-acts-exposing-rape-victim-to-secondary-victimisation. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K a. whereas Member States’ failure to address the structural, normative and factors that result in impunity for perpetrators is being challenged by marches, protests and civil society movements, such as the #MeToo movement, which are breaking the silence on rape and have been the drivers for legislative changes in some Member States; whereas examples of those include the case of the ‘Wolf Pack’ in Spain or Gisèle Pelicot in France; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| K a. whereas the high prevalence of secondary victimisation demonstrates the need to improve the efficiency of investigation and prosecution of the crime of rape, while taking into account special needs of the victims, including by providing them with adequate protection and comprehensive support as well as by strengthening victim-friendly and trauma-sensitive approach in criminal proceedings; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape and its long-term impact on the physical and psychological health, security, bodily integrity, well-being and social life of victims requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive, coordinated response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a response that takes account of the specific needs of each individual, tailored in particular to their sex, their age and the trauma experienced, provided by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff, particularly in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to address cases of rape and avoid secondary victimisation |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a specialised gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a sex- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a gender- and trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; | L. whereas the traumatic nature of rape requires a trauma-sensitive response by trained and specialised staff in law enforcement agencies and in the judiciary to avoid secondary victimisation; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L a. whereas the training of legal and law enforcement professionals remains nonhomogeneous and insufficient across Member States; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| L b. whereas the effective implementation of consent-based definitions of rape in law is critically dependent on the capacity of police officers, prosecutors, and judicial authorities to correctly interpret and apply these provisions, ensuring that the focus remains on the absence of freely given consent rather than on evidence of resistance or physical violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; whereas access to certain essential health care services is not provided in some Member States; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical treatment following the rape, and effective, affordable and efficient access to sexual healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion in accordance with national laws, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate, free and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including free psychological counselling; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate, multidisciplinary and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate, accessible, and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas all victims of rape deserve immediate, comprehensive and dignified medical care, including the necessary clinical care, post-exposure prophylaxis, the treatment of sexually transmitted infections, as well as appropriate psychological and emotional support; whereas it is essential to also ensure continued support that promotes the holistic recovery of the person, in particular through long-term psychological counselling and human and professional support; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; | M. whereas victims of rape need immediate and comprehensive medical care, including clinical management of rape, sexual and reproductive healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections, and trauma support, and must also have the option of long-term support, including psychological counselling; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| M a. whereas placing the burden on victims to prove a lack of consent reinforces harmful rape stereotypes1a | |
| 1a Data source: Eurostat, Special Eurobarometer 544 on gender-based violence, 2024. 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% LU DE SE FR IT ES HR AT IE DK NL EU27 PT BE FI SI CY EL PL RO MT HU EE CZ SK LT LV B; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas a variety of factors contribute to a seemingly higher acceptance of rape, trivialization of rape or even an alleged "rape culture" in some communities and parts of society ; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; whereas according to scientific evidence, universities and other higher education establishments are places where the risk of rape for women is comparatively high; whereas women attending festivals are also at an elevated risk of rape or sexual assault; whereas according to scientific evidence1a, the odds of being convicted of rape are higher for individuals with an immigrant background, including when adjusting for potential confounders such as socioeconomic status, substance abuse and psychiatric disorders; whereas, furthermore, sexual violence is disproportionally prevalent1b as well among groups of migrants, applicants for international protection and refugees; whereas sexual intercourse in the context of marital captivity always equals sexual violence since consent is absent; whereas sexuality, consent and relationships education must take particularities of specific groups and communities into account; |
| 1a For example: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08862605241311611 | |
| 1b For example: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6165364/ |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas sexual violence remains heavily underestimated and undermined as the great majority of sexual crimes remain undisclosed; whereas many reported rapes are never prosecuted and from those that are prosecuted, the vast majority do not end in a conviction; whereas this reinforces women’s lack of trust in the system, low reporting rates and perpetuates a culture of impunity, leading to the normalisation of sexual violence, including rape; whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; therefore calls on the Member States to see to it that the investigating authorities and judiciary have adequate resources, and to look into the possibility of introducing tougher sentences for rape offences; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; notes the way in which the status of women is perceived in countries that do not respect gender equality; emphasises that such unequal perceptions are a threat to women’s safety in Europe; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas consent-based rape legislation is crucial in both reflecting and shifting the attitudes around sexual offences as well as raising awareness throughout the Union, and thereby ultimately reducing the number of sexual offences; whereas consent based legislation can induce a paradigm shift towards the need to seek consent instead of lack of a clear opposition to a sexual act; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of proper sex education, through age- and background-specific programmes, which must establish freely expressed consent and gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate relationships is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape, and this education must begin in the family and continue at school or in other educational institutions; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas the lack of consequences for rape committed without physical violence is unacceptable; whereas consistent prosecution of all forms of rape is essential to maintain public confidence in justice systems and constitutes a key element in preventing sexual violence; whereas comprehensive, gender-sensitive, and age-appropriate education on sexuality, consent, and relationships is crucial to addressing the root causes and preventing sexual violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas the provision of age-appropriate sexuality education, involving the child's parents or legal representatives, is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture, silence on rape or to the stigmatization of survivors; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education that upholds the role of the family and informed consent of parents is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture, particularly among groups not considering the women as equal to men, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas the lack of consequences for rape committed without violence is unacceptable; whereas consistent prosecution of the crime of rape is essential for the public confidence in the justice systems throughout Europe and is an indispensable element of prevention. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; | N. whereas widespread impunity for rape contributes to rape culture; whereas the provision of age-appropriate sexuality, consent and sexual relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N a. whereas women with disabilities are up to ten times more likely to experience sexual violence; whereas migrant women are disproportionately vulnerable to sexual violence throughout the EU migration journey, even after arrival; whereas racialised women and women with ethnic, minority or migrant backgrounds often experience compounded or multiple forms of trauma; whereas the age of the victim at the time of the events must be taken into account in the qualification of the offence and any potential aggravating circumstances; whereas elderly persons living in nursing homes have a higher risk to be victims of sexual abuse as they are vulnerable and it is a crime strongly underreported; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N a. whereas women face intersecting inequalities and discrimination, including linked to their race, ethnic or social origin, sexual orientation, gender identities and expression, religion or belief, residence status, disability; whereas applying an intersectional analysis allows us to address structural barriers, and provides evidence to create benchmarks and set a path towards strategic and effective policies against systemic discrimination, exclusion and social inequalities; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N a. whereas education about consent must be an integral part of sexuality and relationships education to help reduce the misinformation and myths surrounding rape and sexuality; whereas engaging men and boys in promoting gender equality, challenging toxic masculinities and questioning entitlement-based views of sex is a crucial element of prevention efforts; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| N a. whereas the provision of gender-sensitive, comprehensive and age-appropriate sexuality, consent and relationships education is a crucial tool in the prevention of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | deleted |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; whereas emphasising the importance of sexual autonomy aims to promote gender equality and, in particular, the fulfilment of the rights of women and girls; whereas consent-based rape legislation particularly underlines women's right to make decisions about themselves and their own bodies; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination affecting all women, including those in particularly vulnerable situations; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an understanding of the individual vulnerability factors that can affect victims of violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an understanding of the multiple forms of discrimination that affect women and men in all their diversity; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O. whereas preventing sexual and gender-based violence requires an intersectional understanding of the multiple and overlapping forms of discrimination that affect women in all their diversity; | O. whereas preventing sexual violence requires an understanding of its diversity, especially as it can affect both men and women, when children or adults; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Oa. whereas women are not a homogeneous group, and their experiences of discrimination vary according to their multiple identities and the way in which these interact, so the approach to these intersecting forms of discrimination is crucial in ensuring equal opportunities and social justice for all women, |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Oa. whereas effectively combating sexual violence requires more tailored and effective public policies that provide specific responses to violence within families and violence in public spaces; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas introducing a common legal definition of rape based on lack of consent would facilitate improved police and judicial cooperation as well as data collection and data comparability on rape in the Union; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas rape is a particularly serious crime because rape and sexual violence are grave attacks on the physical and mental integrity and sexual and bodily autonomy of a person; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O a. whereas in the EU 14 Member States have in their national legislation a consent based law for the offence of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| Ob. whereas migration contexts increase women’s exposure to gender-based and sexual violence, with, for example, 90 % of migrant women on the Mediterranean route being raped by smugglers or other migrants, according to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees1a; whereas encouraging migration thus leaves women and girls extremely vulnerable to rape and sexual violence; | |
| 1a https://news.un.org/fr/story/2024/11/1150996, International Organization for Migration (IOM), Mixed Migration Centre (MMC), Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 'On this journey, no one cares if you live or die': abuse, protection and justice along routes between East and West Africa and Africa’s Mediterranean coast – Volume 2, IOM, MMC, UNHCR, Geneva, 2024. |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O b. whereas rape is a violation of human rights in itself, but it also denies the victim the full enjoyment of a range of other human rights, such as the right to life, dignity, physical and mental integrity, liberty and personal security, equality within the family and before the law regardless of gender and gender identity, the right to be free from discrimination, torture and other ill treatment, amongst others; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O b. whereas as active resistance is considered to be the 'normal' reaction during rape, studies have, however, shown that humans exposed to extreme threat may react with a state of involuntary, temporary motor inhibition known as tonic immobility; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O c. whereas in the contexts of both international humanitarian law and international criminal law, rape is identified as a potential war crime, a crime against humanity, or an act contributing to genocide, provided other requisite elements of these crimes are present. Whereas this classification is articulated in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Article 8) and the 1949 Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O c. whereas in a Swedish study 70%1α of victims of sexual violence reported significant tonic immobility also known as “freeze response”; whereas it is associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, severe depression and need of psychiatric treatment; | |
| 1α A. Möller, H. P. Söndergaard et L. Helström, Tonic immobility during sexual assault – a common reaction predicting post-traumatic stress disorder and severe depression, Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 2017, vol. 96, no 8, p. 932-938. |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O d. whereas the Istanbul Convention is legally binding and defines rape as the absence of consent; whereas Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention obliges to criminalise all non-consensual sexual acts and specifies that: “Consent must be given voluntarily as the result of the person’s free will assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances.”; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O e. whereas the current legal landscape and diversity of judicial interpretations across the EU remains fragmented, with diverging definitions of rape that do not always reflect international human rights standards or the Istanbul Convention’s requirements on consent, leading to disparities in access to justice, protection of victims’ rights, and effective prosecution of sexual violence, underscoring the urgent need for harmonisation and an EU-wide, consent-based definition of rape; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O f. whereas shifting to a consent-based model of rape law is not only necessary to reflect international human rights obligations, but also critical to acknowledge that sexual autonomy can be violated in situations absent of physical violence, such as coercive dynamics, surprise, or abuse of power; whereas only consent-based rape can ensure the full protection of the sexual integrity and bodily autonomy of the victim; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O g. whereas in contexts of structural gender inequality, consent may be given under conditions of coercion or social pressure, and thus call for an approach that incorporates not only individual autonomy but also social power dynamics, gender norms and the unequal distribution of agency between men and women; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O h. whereas since the entry into force of the Istanbul Convention, 16 EU Member States have amended their legislation to incorporate or make more explicit the notion of consent as a constitutive element of the crime of rape; whereas among the five EU Member States that have not ratified the Istanbul Convention, only Czechia and Bulgaria has recently reformed its legislation to ascribe consent a central role in defining the crime of rape; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O i. whereas the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has played a pivotal role in shaping the modern understanding of rape under human rights law, notably through the landmark judgment in M.C. v. Bulgaria (2003), where the Court found that requiring proof of physical resistance from the victim risks leaving certain types of rape unpunished and fails to protect sexual autonomy as required under Articles 3 and 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O j. whereas subsequent ECtHR cases, such as J.L. v. Italy (2021) and X. v. Cyprus (2025), have condemned the use of victim-blaming arguments and stereotypes in judicial proceedings, finding that such practices perpetuate prejudice and hinder access to justice for survivors of sexual violence; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O k. whereas the ECtHR has established in H.W. v. France (2025) that any non-consensual sexual act constitutes a form of sexual violence; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O l. whereas the ECtHR in L. and Others v. France (2025) interpreted Articles 3 and 8 of the ECHR as requiring parties to the ECHR to have criminal-law systems capable of punishing non-consensual sex acts; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O m. whereas the case of Giselle Pelicot in France, which received significant media attention, highlighted the shortcomings of the so-called force-based definitions, not centered around consent; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O n. whereas the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court recognises rape as wel as other forms of sexual violence as war crimes and crimes against humanity, thereby establishing a high standard for international accountability and the centrality of consent; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O o. whereas the Explanatory Report to the Istanbul Convention, Article 36(2), further clarifies that prosecutions “will require a context-sensitive assessment of the evidence to establish on a case-by-case basis whether the victim has freely consented to the sexual act performed. Such an assessment must recognize the wide range of behavioral responses to sexual violence and rape which victims exhibit and shall not be based on assumptions of typical behavior in such situations. It is equally important to ensure that interpretations of rape legislation and the prosecution of rape cases are not influenced by gender stereotypes and myths about male and female sexuality; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O p. whereas Consent is a voluntary and ongoing agreement to engage in a particular sexual activity and can be rescinded at any time; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O q. whereas the UN Handbook for Legislation on Violence against Women states that legislation must also provide for aggravating circumstances, including, for example, the age of the survivor, the relationship between the survivor and the perpetrator, the use or threat of physical violence, the presence of multiple perpetrators and grave physical or mental consequences of the attack on the victim. Further, states should: “Specifically criminalize sexual assault within a relationship (i.e. ‘marital rape’), either by: Providing that sexual assault provisions apply ‘irrespective of the nature of the relationship’ between the perpetrator and complainant; or Stating that ‘no marriage or other relationship shall constitute a defense to a charge of sexual assault under the legislation.”; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O r. whereas the UN CEDAW Committee, in its General Recommendation No. 35, urges states to recognise gender-based violence as a form of discrimination and to adopt legal reforms that ensure the elimination of such violence, including by criminalising non-consensual sexual acts and supporting access to justice and services for all women and girls, particularly those facing intersecting forms of discrimination; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O s. whereas Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development calls for achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls, and SDG 16 for the promotion of peaceful and inclusive societies, access to justice and effective, accountable institutions; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O t. whereas commonly accepted myths and beliefs around rape and sexual assault are detrimental to defining consent and rape and pose further threats to survivors well-being, willingness to report, protection from secondary victimisation, prosecution and access to justice; whereas these accepted beliefs and myths serve as one of the factors that help perpetuate the impunity surrounding rape and preclude the development of appropriate legislation; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O u. whereas evidence shows that most rapes are committed by acquaintances or intimate partners and occur indoors, yet victims of such cases are often met with suspicion and disbelief within the criminal justice system, particularly in jurisdictions where outdated evidentiary requirements still apply, perpetuating the myths that rapes are typically committed by strangers in public places and that victims provoke or fabricate rape; whereas myths - such as the belief that rape is typically committed by strangers in public spaces and that victims provoke or fabricate rape - remain prevalent in many Member States, and are further reinforced by inadequate media portrayals, public discourse, and lack of public awareness; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O v. whereas survivors of rape are frequently asked about their lack of resistance to being sexually assaulted with perpetrators claiming victims passive agreement from the absence of resistance; whereas lack of resistance or “freezing” is a common involuntary response and a survival reflex to threat that can result in immobility (fixed posture, loss of muscle tone, inability to make voluntary actions) and disassociation, where persons awareness is disconnected from disturbing and painful sensations and emotions arising in one’s body, and loss of sense of agency; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O w. whereas trauma from sexual assault can impact memory functioning, leading to fragmented or missing recalls of the events and distortions in time sequences making it difficult to remember in which order did the events take place; whereas trauma resulting from rape is linked with other severe mental health PTSD symptoms, including decreased concentration, anxiety, panic attacks, depression flashbacks and nightmares; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O x. whereas secondary victimization occurs when the victim suffers further harm not as a direct result of the criminal act of rape but due to the manner in which institutions and other individuals deal with the victim; whereas secondary victimisation is caused by repeated exposure of the victim to the perpetrator, insensitive treatment, such as repeated interrogation about the same facts, victim-blaming attitudes, the use of inappropriate language or insensitive comments made by all those who come into contact with victims, by medical interventions, during legal proceedings, including prolonged legal proceedings, and other institutional processes; whereas secondary victimisation undermines victims' rights, access to justice and perpetuate their trauma, including PTSD, depression, anxiety, therefore hindering their recovery; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O y. whereas relying on material evidence of resistance, threats or violence perpetuates harmful rape myths and stereotypes about how victims are expected to behave, contributing to secondary victimisation and systemic disbelief, especially in cases where victims do not conform to socially constructed expectations of trauma, resistance or visible injury; whereas these practices contribute to distrust in the law enforcement and justice systems, subsequently leading to low-reporting rates and impunity; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O z. whereas violence against women and girls occurs in both online and offline spaces, and includes technology-facilitated sexual violence, harassment, non-consensual sharing of intimate images, and coercive control; whereas such forms of abuse disproportionately affect women and marginalised groups, and remain insufficiently addressed in many national criminal law frameworks; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O aa. whereas gender-based violence is both a cause and a consequence of the structural inequalities and power asymmetries rooted in gender stereotypes, social norms, and patriarchal systems; whereas addressing such violence requires challenging these norms and implementing comprehensive legal, social and educational reforms; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O ab. whereas one in three women in the EU – approximately 62 million – has experienced physical and/or sexual violence, and more than half (55%) have experienced sexual harassment since the age of 15; whereas the annual estimated cost of gender-based violence in the EU is EUR 366 billion; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| O ac. whereas gender-based violence severely limits women’s and girls’ participation in public life, access to justice, education and economic independence, and therefore constitutes a structural obstacle to the achievement of true gender equality; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to respect national differences in the definition of rape; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given and informed consent that can be revoked at any time, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; welcomes the fact that an increasing number of Member States have introduced consent-based definitions of sexual violence, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention5a; |
| 5a European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Rights Report 2025, p. 69. https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2025-fundamental-rights-report-2025_en.pdf |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of affirmative freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls for integration of best practices from Member States already using consent-based definitions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls for the integration of best practices from Member States already using consent-based definitions |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; congratulates the Member States that already adopted consent-based legislations and calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes, where necessary, to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Urges the Commission to propose during this term legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention and to provide the necessary and adequate support and protection to survivors of rape; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention and international best practices; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with the latest international standards and Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Member States to comply with the requirements set out in Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention as regards incorporating the notion of consent into national laws, while retaining the freedom to decide on the specific wording, as stipulated in paragraph 193 of the explanatory report to the Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to support the Member States in strengthening national legislation against rape, respecting the principle of subsidiarity and the diversity of legal systems; encourages the Commission to continue with its efforts to establish an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to prevent, recognise and punish every rape case in an effective manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose, as quickly as possible, legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence quickly the legislative changes necessary to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Commission to propose, without delay, legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 1. Calls on the Commission to propose legislation establishing an EU-wide definition of rape that is based on the requirement of freely given, informed and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; | 1. Calls on the Member States to commence legislative changes to bring the definition of rape into line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; points out that criminal law in the Member States varies widely; urges the Commission to take this into account to avoid legal complications that would make it difficult to convict those accused of rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; recalls that the presumption of innocence is a fundamental principle in European law, enshrined in several legal texts and is a cornerstone of democratic judicial systems as recalled by Article 6 of The European Convention of Human Rights and Article 48 of the Charter of Fundamental rights in the European Union; considers that it is of the utmost importance to ensure the right balance between a necessary consent-based definition of rape and the respect of the presomption of innocence, not to lead to a reversal of the burden of proof that would be contrary to the very principles and values of the Union and to ensure that perpetrators will face the right sanctions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; recalls that the presumption of innocence is a fundamental principle in European law, enshrined in several legal texts and is a cornerstone of democratic judicial systems as recalled by Article 6 of The European Convention of Human Rights and Article 48 of the Charter of Fundamental rights in the European Union; underlines the need to find the right balance between a necessary consent-based definition of rape, that protects and does justice to victims, and the respect of the presumption of innocence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | 2. Reiterates that legislation to criminalize rape that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; reminds Member States’ obligation to meet the international human rights standards and invites them to go even further in order to protect and support survivors of rape as well as to eradicate all the manifestations of a rape culture, including by holding perpetrators accountable and providing relevant programmes to enable them to adopt a non-violent and pro-social behaviour; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; calls on those EU Member States that have not already done so to immediately ratify the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined in the Istanbul Convention; | 2. Reiterates that rape legislation that is based on the absence of consent is an international human rights standard defined; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 a. Calls for Member States to adopt a comprehensive definition of consent that recognizes the right of any person to withdraw consent at any stage of sexual activity regardless of previous consent given, and that establishes that consent obtained through persistent coercion, manipulation, or repeated requests following initial refusal cannot be considered valid consent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 a. Strongly supports civil society and survivors of rape in breaking the silence; acknowledges that the pressure from civil society and survivors of rape has been the main driving force in pushing for legislative changes in Member States; recalls the importance of the right to assembly in bringing societal changes and promoting gender equality; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 a. Recalls that consent must stem from free will and that a woman’s consent can never be bought; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 b. Stresses the importance of recognising trauma responses such as the freeze response, a neurobiological reaction to fear or threat that can lead to temporary paralysis or immobility, and the fawn response, which involves appeasing the perpetrator in an attempt to avoid escalation or harm; underlines that such involuntary responses can render individuals unable to resist or explicitly withhold consent in situations of sexual violence, and must therefore be duly considered in legislation and judicial practice to ensure a trauma-informed, survivor-centred approach; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 b. Demands strengthened support for these civil society organisations, women’s rights defenders and women’s rights organisations, through increased and earmarked financial support in the upcoming MFF; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 c. Calls for the harmonisation of the age of sexual consent across the European Union to a minimum of 16 years, in line with efforts to strengthen the protection of children against sexual exploitation and abuse; underlines that such harmonisation would reduce legal fragmentation and enhance legal clarity across Member States, especially in cross-border cases; recognises the need to maintain close-in-age exemptions, allowing for consensual sexual relations between minors who are close in age and development, provided there is no abuse of trust, power, or dependency; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 2 d. Calls for Member States to recognize that the deliberate removal, tampering with, or sabotage of contraceptive devices or methods without the explicit knowledge and consent of all parties during sexual activity constitutes rape under consent-based definitions; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure that existing EU legal instruments addressing sexual violence, including the Victims’ Rights Directive and national criminal law provisions, are effectively implemented and further aligned where appropriate; notes that several Member States have already introduced consent-based definitions in their criminal codes, demonstrating both legal and political feasibility; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Notes that there is no appropriate legal basis for adopting legislation at EU level on the definition of rape, in particular because it does not have a cross-border dimension; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Calls on the Commission to submit, on the basis of Article 83(1), third subparagraph, TFEU, a proposal for a Council decision identifying gender-based violence as a new area of crime that meets the criteria specified in that Article in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Recalls that Article 83(1) TFEU does not provide a legal basis for the crime of gender-based violence, as such a legal basis requires crimes to have a cross-border dimension; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU and a reiterated call from the EP; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Calls on the Commission to make a proposal to the Council to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Points out that criminal law is a shared competence under Article 4(2)(j) TFEU; calls on the Commission to support the Member States in effectively combating all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise gender-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of gender-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; | 3. Calls on the Commission to recognise sex-based violence as a new EU crime under Article 83(1) TFEU in order to ensure a common approach so as to effectively combat all forms of sex-based violence, which is one of the most widespread fundamental rights violations in the EU; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 3 a. Confirms that freezing is a natural response to fear and threat, and that the absence of resistance does not equal consent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | deleted |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; ; highlights the need for targeted legislation and policies with an intersectional approach to address the situation of victims of sexual violence who experience intersectional forms of discrimination based on gender identity, gender expression or sex characteristics and on other grounds such as race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, membership of a national minority, disability, sexual orientation, migrant or refugee status; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors, and that the intersection of these factors creates multiple and unique forms of discrimination that require targeted, context-specific measures to ensure equal protection and support for all women; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address the over-representation of third-country nationals in rape statistics in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that the unequal perceptions reinforced by uncontrolled migration in Europe pose a major threat to women’s safety in the EU; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors, and to ensure that existing legislation is fully and effectively implemented to address all forms of gender-based violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors present in the behaviour of perpetrators of acts of violence and rape from increasingly early ages; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination, including sexual violence such as rape, are often compounded by other factors of discrimination and gender stereotypes; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to address intersectionality in all policies related to gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by other factors; | 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to apply an intersectional and victims-centred approach to all policies in order to promote gender equality, acknowledging that gender-based violence and discrimination are compounded by the intersection of several grounds and other factors; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4 a. Underlines that most of the current migration and refugee laws in Europe do not address the vulnerability of migrant and refugee women, the consequences of which include increased exposure to gender-based violence including sexual violence, while on the move, unsafe reception conditions, insufficient protection measures and a lack of access to justice for migrants in the Union; urges the Commission to address the particular situation of migrant women’s protection against sexual violence, and recalls that under Directive 2012/29/EU access to appropriate protection, support services and effective remedies must be available to all victims of gender-based violence, including the right to receive information and to be able to participate in criminal proceedings, and that all rights must apply in a non-discriminatory manner, including with respect to their residence status; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4 a. Calls on the Commission to encourage Member States that have not yet done so to ratify the Istanbul Convention; calls on the European Commission to propose legislation in its post 2025 Gender Equality Strategy establishing a harmonised, EU-wide definition of rape based on the requirement of freely given, informed, and reversible consent, in line with Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention and international best practices; calls on the Member States that still use the definition of rape based on the assumption of violence to commence legislative changes to bring the definition in line with the latest international standards and Article 36 of the Istanbul Convention; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4a. Calls on the Member States to step up the fight against illegal immigration in order to reduce the rapes and sexual violence affecting migrant women and children; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4 b. Emphasises the importance of preventive measures which require a clearer focus in the entire judiciary, as well as in schools and in healthcare, to prevent and minimise the risk of violence and to end the rape culture and culture of impunity; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4 b. Emphasises the importance of strengthening the implementation, enforcement and monitoring of legislation on gender-based violence, and calls for the development of EU-wide benchmarks and indicators to assess effectiveness and impact; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4 c. Stresses the importance of establishing a dedicated EU-level mechanism to monitor the alignment of national rape legislation with international human rights standards, including regular public reporting and independent expert evaluation; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 4 d. Underlines the role of the EU in strengthening cooperation with UN agencies such as UN Women, UNFPA and international partners including the OSCE, in advancing gender equality and combating sexual and gender-based violence within the framework of the 2030 Agenda, the Beijing Platform for Action and the ICPD Programme of Action; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals likely to come into contact with victims, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate, mandatory and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; is convinced that ensuring that police officers and judges have increased knowledge and soft skills to carefully listen, understand and respect all survivors of sexual violence will contribute to addressing underreporting and re-victimisation and will create a safer environment for survivors of sexual violence; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals likely to come into contact with victims, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive regular, adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, in all their practices, including awareness-raising and prevention, in order to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma-, gender-, child- and disability-sensitive manner, in line with Article 36 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 and without prejudice to judicial independence and differences in the organisation of the judiciary across the Union; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that key professionals involved in dealing with victims of gender based violence and especially with rape including, law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive effective and tailored training aimed at preventing secondary victimisation, to identify and avoid harmful gender stereotypes, eliminating victim-blaming attitudes, and providing trauma-informed and respectful treatment of victims and survivors, in a trauma and gender sensitive manner and that training should focus on measurable outcomes and be tailored to the specific responsibilities of each profession; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; furthermore calls for trainings on how to refer victims to medical services, on how to identify and prevent rape and on how to collect evidence. |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; emphasises the need for EU-supported training programmes aligned with judicial best practices already developed in Member States; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, including frontline professionals dealing with survivors and offenders, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat survivors in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation, and to ensure that, when treating victims, they take into account the trauma they have experienced and the surrounding circumstances, while respecting the principles of the presumption of innocence and the right to a fair trial, as provided for in Article 6 of the ECHR and Article 48 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored specialised professional training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors of acts of violence and rape, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the victims, to avoid and identify victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify gender stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; | 5. Calls on the Member States to ensure that professionals, including law enforcement officers, forensic medical personnel, court staff, judges and prosecutors, lawyers, healthcare professionals, social services employees, and educational and other relevant staff, receive adequate and tailored training to enable them to avoid secondary victimisation of the survivors, to avoid and identify stereotypes and victim-blaming behaviours and attitudes, and to treat victims in a trauma- sensitive manner; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 a. Deplores the visible deficiencies in the law enforcement system, which result in low conviction rates in cases of sexual violence, and impunity for perpetrators; underlines that the failure to address the lack of trust and confidence in law enforcement authorities and in the judicial system by survivors of sexual violence is an important contributor for underreporting; calls on the Member States to step up their work in order to ensure that victims have equal access to justice, particularly considering the structural context of discrimination and inequality, and to guarantee that the rights of the victim are placed at the centre in order to avoid discrimination, traumatisation or revictimization during judicial, medical and police proceedings by mainstreaming the gender perspective throughout the process; calls on Members States to ensure that victims have the right to state-funded high quality legal aid before and during legal proceedings; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 a. Calls for Member States to implement trauma-informed justice procedures in cases of sexual violence and rape that prevent re-traumatization of survivors throughout legal proceedings, including specialized training for judicial personnel, survivor-friendly courtroom arrangements, and the elimination of invasive or suggestive questioning practices that blame or shame survivors or undermine their credibility and recollection of events; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 a. Recognises the crucial role played by women’s specialist services and women-led NGOs in providing advice and support for victims, including women’s support centres, women’s shelters, helplines, rape crisis centres, sexual violence referral centres and primary prevention services; calls on the Commisison and Member States to provide adequate funding to ensure the maintenance and development of such services; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 a. Calls on the Member States to cooperate with law enforcement authorities, judicial authorities, civil society, community-based organisations, the European Institute for Gender Equality and other relevant specialised actors in the development of trainings in particular regarding harmful gender stereotypes, intersectional discrimination and misconceptions about rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5a. in order to prevent offending, encourages the Member States to increase the sentences for acts of rape so as to eliminate the possibility of sentences for completed offences being suspended; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 a. Encourages a continuous exchange of best practices among Member States, in order to promote the harmonisation of treatment standards, and ensure consistent, educated and high-quality support and treatment for victims across the entire EU; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 b. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 26 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence regarding the provision of specialist support for victims of sexual violence, adapted to their specific needs, free of charge and in a sufficient geographical distribution and capacity; highlight the need for all women victims of sexual violence to have access to resources such as 24-hour crisis centres, where they can receive medical care, psychological support, and legal advice without the requirement of having filed a formal denunciation. |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 b. Calls on the Member States to ensure that health professionals, including paediatricians, gynaecologists, obstetricians, midwives and psychological support staff receive targeted training to identify and address, in a culturally-sensitive manner, the physical, psychological and sexual consequences of rape in survivors; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 5 b. Stresses the importance of providing mandatory, specialised training to frontline workers who are often the first point of contact for victims, and calls on Member States to ensure that frontline services have the capacity and resources to respond effectively to the needs of victims and survivors; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to immediate, comprehensive, safe, confidential, and specialised medical services for as long as necessary, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; calls on the Member States to ensure access for victims and survivors to general and specialist support services, shelters, rape crisis centres, and helplines, as well as psychosocial, psychological, and legal support; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; reiterates the critical nature of these services for the survivors and their importance in guaranteeing best health outcomes and helping survivors to regain their sense of bodily autonomy; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to comprehensive medical care and services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion, and that this should be complemented by access to long-term trauma care, psychological support, and appropriate follow-up services to support and recovery; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full and free access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections, access to safe and legal abortion, and psychological treatment and therapies; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual health, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical contraception, emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment for sexually transmitted infections; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and effective, affordable and efficient access to sexual healthcare, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape receive immediate, comprehensive and dignified medical care, including appropriate clinical management, post-exposure prophylaxis, the treatment of sexually transmitted infections, as well as psychological and emotional support focused on full recovery; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Underlines that a vast majority of Member States already ensures that victims of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion in accordance with their national laws; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including clinical including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; | 6. Calls on the Member States to ensure that survivors of rape have full access to medical services, such as clinical management of rape and the provision of sexual and reproductive health and rights, including emergency contraception, post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and access to safe and legal abortion; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 6 a. Underlines the wide range of psychological impact that sexual violence has on victims, including stress, the feeling of being unsafe or vulnerable, concentration problems, anxiety, panic attacks, social isolation, low self-esteem, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, lack of trust and of sense of control, as well as fear or even suicidal thoughts; underlines the importance of the provision of mental health services for victims of those crimes, which are also often provided by NGOs and civil society actors; recalls the importance, in that context, of support to independent civil society and women’s shelter organisations, who are the ones with the know-how needed to ensure feminist and non-paternalistic protection, ensure support throughout all stages of the reparation processes, and enforce the right to information; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges that are involved in criminal and, where relevant, civil proceedings, related to the crime of rape; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner and identify and avoid gender stereotypes and ensure that victims, especially those experiencing intersectional discrimination, are respected and protected from secondary victimisation throughout their contact with the authorities; furthermore, the guidelines must include instructions on how to refer victims to specialist support services, including medical services, to ensure the appropriate treatment of victims and handling; calls for these to be regularly reviewed and updated in collaboration with specialist and women’s support services to ensure their effectiveness and best outcomes for victims; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue, in consultation with feminist civil society and women’s specialist services, specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; further calls on Member States to ensure the provision of the necessary training for members of the judiciary and legal and law enforcement professionals on international human rights standards and jurisprudence with respect to rape, and on the myths and stereotypes that still hinder the implementation of those standards; calls on the Commission to support Member States in this regard; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for relevant authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner in line with what is provided for in the directive on gender based violence; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive age-appropriate sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula, including concrete teaching on consent, healthy boundaries and respectful relationships; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; draws particular attention to the tendency of third-country nationals to disrespect the integrity of women, which is reflected in the over-representation of third-country nationals in the Member States’ statistics on sexual offences; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised guidelines for authorities; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims; recalls that eliminating sexual violence also requires broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include tailored relationships education, involving children's parents or legal representatives, in national educational curricula; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive age-appropriate sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; as a tool for preventing violence and promoting respect for consent and the development of relationships based on respect and autonomy; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula and especially for the new commers on the EU continent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls on the Member States to provide age-appropriate and comprehensive education on consent, in accordance with national curricula and educational competences; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural, mental and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised guidelines for authorities, including judges, that take account of the differences between the sexes; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims, taking into consideration their trauma and the differences between the sexes; recalls that eliminating sex-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; | 7. Calls on Member States to develop and issue specialised and gender-sensitive guidelines for authorities, including judges; underlines that these guidelines must provide instructions on how to treat victims in a trauma- and gender-sensitive manner; recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; calls, therefore, on the Member States to include basics of sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7 a. Recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; underlines the critical role of public education campaigns and school-based prevention programmes in addressing rape myths and promoting a culture of affirmative consent, especially among youth, where the absence of sexuality education continues to fuel misinformation and harmful stereotypes calls; therefore, on the Member States to include mandatory comprehensive sexuality and relationships education in national educational curricula; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7a. Calls on the EU and the Member States to take action to eradicate rape, sexual violence and harassment by tightening up immigration policy and boosting efforts to return people who are in the EU illegally; is concerned about the shocking increase in rape, sexual violence and harassment resulting from uncontrolled and failed immigration policies; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7 a. Calls on Member States to ensure the provision of effective reparation for all victims of gender-based violence including sexual violence; reminds that such reparations should be adequate, promptly attributed, holistic and proportionate to the gravity of the harm suffered and should take into consideration women’s diversity as well as the risks of intersectional discrimination; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7 a. Requests that Member States take appropriate measures to ensure that programmes for offenders are available for those that are referred or self-refer also outside of the criminal justice system and that immediate access to support is available, recognising their role in preventing future gender-based violence, silence on rape, as well as in eradicating a rape culture in our society; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7 a. Urges the Commission to propose a ban across member states on the disclosure and use of victims counselling notes in sexual assault trials, in order to prevent retraumatisation, and to prevent victims from being deterred to access psychological support; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 7 b. Firmly supports the availability of public services throughout all stages of the reparation processes, in particular with regard to the provision of essential psychological, legal and employment seeking support; calls on the Member States to comply with the Istanbul Convention by providing protective and supportive measures for women that focus on the human rights and safety of the victim, thus avoiding institutional violence being inflicted on victims as a result of laws or administrative or enforcement practices that are insensitive to gender considerations and/or lack sufficient knowledge and appropriate procedures, which can lead to impunity for perpetrators as well as re-victimisation; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Recalls that eliminating gender-based violence, including sexual violence, requires not only legal reforms and implementation of existing legislation, but also broad cultural and societal transformation; underlines that this includes a wide range of actors, including parents, teachers, community leaders and others; recalls that a majority of Member States already include mandatory sexuality and relationships education in educational curricula and that other Member States leave room for regional authorities or educational establishments to decide whether and how to include such elements in educational curricula; Notes, in this regard, that various international bodies, including UNESCO and the World Health Organisation issue standards and guidelines on sexuality education; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward in 2026 EU guidelines on gender-sensitive and comprehensive, consent-based, sexuality and relationship education with an intersectional approach, which should aim at challenging gender stereotypes and hierarchical relationships, stressing the structural nature of gender inequality and its presence in sexuality and relationships, promoting non-violent and pro-social behaviour, and work as means to ultimately eradicate gender-based violence, inequality and discrimination; further calls on the Commission to closely monitor Member States’ implementation of such guidelines and publish an assessment thereof before the end of the current term; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Notes that legislative reform must be complemented by public awareness and educational measures aimed at fostering behavioural change and increasing understanding of the importance of consent in sexual relationships; calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Acknowledges the existence of sexuality and relationship education programmes in some Member States; recalls that the European Convention on Human Rights enshrines the right of parents to ensure the education of their children in accordance with their religious and philosophical convictions; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; calls on the Commission to adopt a gender-sensitive approach toward the adoption of the Anti-Racism Strategy in this regard; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines and support Member States in promoting fact-based and comprehensive age-appropriate education on sexuality, relationships, and consent with attention to dignity, equality and respect; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on ensitive, comprehensive sexuality and relationship education to all including the vulnerable groups and people with migrant background; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines, accessible in all 24 EU languages, on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward a best practice exchange on consent awareness education; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on gender-sensitive, intersectional comprehensive sexuality and relationship education; | 8. Calls for the Commission to put forward EU guidelines on sex- and age-appropriate sexuality and relationship education; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8 a. Calls on Member States to introduce simplified, secure and accessible procedures for lodging complaints, in particular through specialised or online channels, to guarantee that complaints are received by staff trained in dealing with gender-based and sexual violence, and to ensure rigorous, transparent and non-stigmatising follow-up of such complaints, in order to restore confidence in institutions and guarantee access to justice for victims; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 8a. Recalls that Europol seeks to support and strengthen cooperation between the competent authorities of the Member States, especially in combating organised crime and cross-border offences, including border crossings by wanted criminals; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Calls on the Member States to comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Notes that the Member States are in compliance with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; calls on the Commission to closely monitor the transposition of the Directive by Member States, in particular Article 35; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity, especially on the vulnerable groups, people with migrant background and new comers in the EU; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives – at both school and university level, and also through specific information programmes – as well as awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out evidence- and consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change and understanding that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; | 9. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the Member States comply with Article 35 of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 on combating violence against women and domestic violence by adopting and regularly carrying out consent-based education initiatives, awareness-raising campaigns and measures aimed at fostering behavioural change that recognises consent as freely given, mutual and fully grounded in the principles of bodily autonomy and sexual integrity; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9 a. Calls on Member States to ensure that established systems for data collection on gender based violence include the collection, development, production and dissemination of statistics on rape, including disaggeragated data including but not limited to gender, age group (child/adult), racial and ethnic origin of the victim and of the perpetrator and, where possible and relevant, the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9 a. Calls on the Commission to carry out public awareness raising campaigns to educate about the notion of consent, relationships, sexual integrity and bodily autonomy and to counter myths surrounding rape; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9 b. Reiterates that legislation based on the absence of consent is the only framework that would allow adequate comprehensive, trauma informed and evidence based access to justice for survivors of rape; Notes that consent-based rape legislation has positive outcomes not only to survivors access to justice, higher reporting rates and convictions, but also better outlook for their recovery and emotional well-being; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 9 b. Underlines that a strong evidence base and solid data is necessary to implement appropriate knowledge-based measures to combat rape; requests that EIGE and FRA support the monitoring process and further contribute to data collection and research on all forms of gender-based violence, including rape; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | deleted |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | deleted |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; recalls in this context that involuntary trauma responses, such as freezing, as well as physical or mental conditions such as a state of unconsciousness, sleep, intoxication, surprise, illness, or bodily injury, are well-documented and must not be misinterpreted as consent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent through words or implied conduct; underlines that passivity or the absence of clear agreement cannot be taken as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; recalls in this context that involuntary trauma responses, such as freezing and tonic immobility, are well-documented and must never be misinterpreted as consent; |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | 10. Stresses that only a clear, explicit, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, verbal or physical lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor past sexual conduct or any past or present relationship with an offender imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; highlights that the consent can be withdrawn at any moment before and during the act; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | 10. Stresses that only a clear, explicit, affirmative, freely given and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of verbal or physical resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing or past relationship, including marital or any other partnership status, or past sexual conduct imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | 10. Stresses that consent is essential for any sexual relationship; points out that silence, lack of opposition or not actually saying ‘no’ are not sufficient to establish consent, and that consent given in advance or within a relationship does not apply to current or future sexual acts; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; | 10. Stresses that only a clear, affirmative and unambiguous indication of agreement constitutes valid and unvitiated consent, that silence, lack of resistance or the absence of a ‘no’ cannot be interpreted as consent, and that neither prior consent nor an existing relationship imply ongoing or future consent for any other sexual acts; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10 a. Stresses that a non-consensual act is understood as an act which is performed without explicit consent of the individual, or where the indvidual is unable to form a free will due to the surrounding circumstances, including their physical or mental condition, such as a state of unconsciousness, sleep, intoxication, surprise, freezing, illness or bodily injury; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10 b. Stresses that consent shall be given for each separate act and can be withdrawn at any moment during the act; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 10 c. Stresses that the individual must, for their consent to be regarded as freely given, have had a reasonable opportunity to abstain from participating, or sufficiently free conditions under which to decide whether or not to take part in the act; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | deleted |
Irene Montero, Isabel Serra Sánchez, Manon Aubry, Hanna Gedin, Carolina Morace, Elena Kountoura, Emma Fourreau, Kathleen Funchion
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | 11. Underlines that consent must be given voluntarily as a result of a person’s free will, mutual respect, and the right to sexual integrity and bodily autonomy and it must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, physical or mental condition such as in a state of fear, intimidation, unconsciousness, freezing, intoxication, chemical submission, sleep, illness, bodily injury, disability or in an otherwise particular vulnerable situation , or age; |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, age or a state of freezing caused by fear or trauma; It is important to acknowledge that such involuntary states significantly impair the ability to give voluntary and informed consent; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, ingestion of drugs or similar substances without the person’s knowledge, in drink or food, resulting in unconsciousness, error, injury, violence or age; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is violence, threat, surprise or deceit, an abuse of power, coercion, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from, including but not limited to, intoxication, unconsciousness, sleep, illness, bodily injury, disability or age; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, including control, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is an abuse of power, vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness, or age; | 11. Underlines that consent must be assessed in the context of the surrounding circumstances, recognising that consent cannot be given where there is vulnerability, or incapacity resulting from intoxication, unconsciousness or age; |
Anna-Maja Henriksson, Abir Al-Sahlani, Fabienne Keller, Sophie Wilmès, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Lucia Yar, Billy Kelleher, Valérie Devaux, Hilde Vautmans
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 a. Invites Member States to adapt their legislation on limitation periods for rape offences, taking into account the fact that lack of consent is the central element of this offence, and that many victims are only able to recognise, name or denounce the facts after a significant lapse of time, often due to trauma, fear, social pressure or a lack of knowledge of the dynamics of consent; therefore stresses the need to extend the statute of limitations in such cases, in particular by making these periods run from the victim's coming of age or from the time when he or she is reasonably able to institute proceedings, in order to guarantee effective access to justice in line with fundamental rights. |
Arba Kokalari, Eleonora Meleti, Elżbieta Katarzyna Łukacijewska, Sirpa Pietikäinen, Loucas Fourlas, Maria Walsh, Rosa Estaràs Ferragut, Paulo Do Nascimento Cabral
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 a. Regrets that many victims of rape delay reporting the crime for many years after the offence occurred, often due to trauma and fear; stresses that excessively short limitation periods must not prevent victims from seeking justice or undermine their protection; Calls on Member States to address the root causes of underreporting and to ensure that no limitation period restricts the prosecution of rape or diminishes the protection afforded to victims; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 a. Calls on the Commission to develop comprehensive measures to address the violent, coerced, dehumanizing and humiliating pornographic content, anti-gender content and incel propaganda online, particularly targeting young men, which undermines consent-based sexual education, normalizes sexual violence, and perpetuates harmful gender stereotypes that contribute to rape culture; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 a. Regrets that victims of rape often report the offence only after a considerable period of time due to trauma, fear, or social stigma; calls on the Member States to address the causes of underreporting and to ensure that limitation periods do not prevent the effective prosecution of rape offences. |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 a. Stresses the need for strong and sustainable partnerships with grassroots organisations and women’s rights defenders, particularly in countries where the civic space is under threat and backlash against gender equality and sexual and reproductive rights is increasing; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11a. Stresses the need to establish a presumption of non-consent for minors who have not yet reached the age of sexual consent, and for all minors in cases of incest; |
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 b. Stresses that consent-based rape legislation must also apply in digital and virtual environments, including immersive technologies such as virtual reality (VR), online gaming platforms, and the metaverse, where non-consensual sexual acts, such as simulated rape or coerced sexual interactions, can take place; underlines that such acts can have serious psychological consequences for survivors, comparable to physical rape, and must therefore be legally recognised and prosecuted accordingly; |
Evin Incir, Joanna Scheuring-Wielgus, Emma Rafowicz, Marko Vešligaj, Lina Gálvez, Elisabeth Grossmann
| Motion for a resolution | Amendment |
|---|---|
| 11 b. Encourages continued dialogue and cooperation between EU institutions, Member States, and civil society in ensuring that sexual violence is addressed not only as an individual act of harm but also as a manifestation of broader gender inequality and structural discrimination; |
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Sources & citation
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- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 25 September 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “AMENDMENTS 1 - 386 - Draft report Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU”. Text, 22 July 2025. docId CJ01-AM-775763. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/CJ01-AM-775763 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: EP Open Data API: document record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/documents/CJ01-AM-775763 (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-text-cj01-am-775763,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{AMENDMENTS 1 - 386 - Draft report Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-07-22},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/CJ01-AM-775763}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/texts/CJ01-AM-775763},
urldate = {2026-09-25},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Text. docId CJ01-AM-775763. Data: EP Open Data API: document record (CC BY 4.0)}
}