Changes from report parliamentary committee draft to plenary report

This report comes at a pivotal moment for both the European Union and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As the Kingdom pursues an ambitious and far-reaching transformation under its Vision 2030 strategy, the European Parliament is enhancing its engagement by appointing, for the first time, a dedicated rapporteur for EU–Saudi relations. This reflects not only Saudi Arabia’s growing strategic importance—including as a leading member of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)—but also the Parliament’s intention to play a more proactive role in shaping this evolving partnership.

Saudi Arabia is undergoing a complex and ambitious process of socio-economic reform, focused on modernising institutions, expanding social openness, and reducing dependence on oil. These changes present new opportunities for EU engagement, particularly in areas of shared interest such as economic diversification, innovation, climate action, education, and regional stability.

In a context of shifting geopolitical dynamics and heightened uncertainty, the EU must deepen its ties with key international actors, particularly those in the Gulf region. Saudi Arabia is increasingly asserting itself on the regional and global stage—not only in the fields of diplomacy and energy, but also through its growing involvement in peace efforts and multilateral cooperation. This report underlines the significant potential for convergence, particularly in advancing political stability and security across the broader Middle East.

Rather than offering an exhaustive overview of EU–Saudi relations, this report proposes a constructive roadmap for deepening and balancing our cooperation—politically, economically, and socially. It also underscores the importance of finalising a future Strategic Partnership Agreement to formalise and expand bilateral engagement.

Human rights and fundamental freedoms remain central to this relationship. The report acknowledges progress in areas such as women’s empowerment and civil society participation, while encouraging continued reform and greater alignment with international human rights standards.

Ultimately, the message is clear: the EU and Saudi Arabia share a strong mutual interest in working together. With mutual respect, open dialogue, and a pragmatic, forward-looking approach, this partnership can contribute meaningfully to addressing the complex challenges of today’s interconnected world.