Changes from plenary report to adopted text

Common general framework for the calculation of energy performance of buildings

(referred to in Article 4)

1. The energy performance of a building shall be determined on the basis of calculated or metered energy use and shall reflect typical energy use for space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water, ventilation, built-in lighting and other technical building systems. Member States shall ensure that the typical energy use is representative of actual operating conditions for each relevant typology and reflects the typical user behaviour. ▌ Typical energy use and typical user behaviour shall be based on available national statistics, building codes and metered data.

Where metered energy is the basis for calculating the energy performance of buildings, the calculation methodology shall be capable of identifying the influence of the behaviour of occupants and the local climate, which shall not be reflected in the result of the calculation. Metered energy to be used for the purposes of calculating the energy performance of buildings shall require readings of at least hourly intervals and must differentiate between energy carriers.

Member States may use metered energy consumption under typical operating conditions to verify the correctness of the calculated energy use and enable comparison between calculated and actual performance. Metered energy consumption for the purposes of verification and comparison may be based on monthly readings.

The energy performance of a building shall be expressed by a numeric indicator of primary energy use per unit of reference floor area per year, in kWh/(m2.y) for the purpose of both energy performance certification and compliance with minimum energy performance requirements. Numeric indicators of final energy use per unit of reference floor area per year, in kWh/(m2.y) and of energy needs according to ISO 52000 in kWh/(m².y) shall be used. The methodology applied for the determination of the energy performance of a building shall be transparent and open to innovation and reflect best practices, in particular from additional indicators.

▌The choices made and data sources shall be reported according to EN 17423 or any superseding document. Member States shall use a primary energy factor for electricity ▌reflecting the electricity mix in the country. When defining those factors, Member States shall ensure that the optimal energy performance of the building envelope is pursued.

3. For the purpose of expressing the energy performance of a building, Member States shall define additional numeric indicators of total, non-renewable and renewable primary energy use, and of operational and embodied greenhouse gas emissions produced in kgCO2eq/(m2.y) over the expected service life of the building.

3a. In the calculation of the primary energy factors for the purpose of calculating the energy performance of buildings, Member States may take into account renewable energy sources supplied and renewable energy sources that are generated and used onsite.

4. The methodology shall be laid down taking into consideration at least the following aspects:

(a) the following actual thermal characteristics of the building including its internal partitions:

(i) thermal capacity;

(ii) insulation;

(iii) passive heating;

(iv) cooling elements;

(v) thermal bridges;

(b) heating installation and hot water supply, including their insulation characteristics;

(ba) capacity of installed on-site renewables, bidirectional electric vehicle charging infrastructure, demand-response and storage;

(c) air-conditioning installations;

(d) natural and mechanical ventilation which may include air-tightness and heat recovery;

(e) built-in lighting installation (mainly in the non-residential sector);

(f) the design, positioning and orientation of the building, including outdoor climate;

(g) passive solar systems and solar protection;

(h) indoor climatic conditions, including the designed indoor climate;

(i) internal loads;

(ia) building automation and control systems and their capabilities to monitor, control and optimise energy performance;

(ib) efficiency of electrical installations (IEC EN 60364-8-1).

5. The positive influence of the following aspects shall be taken into account:

(a) local solar exposure conditions, active solar systems and other heating and electricity systems based on energy from renewable sources;

(b) electricity produced by cogeneration;

(c) district or block heating and cooling systems;

(d) natural lighting;

(da) demand-side flexibility capability (EN 50491-12-1).

6. For the purpose of the calculation buildings should be adequately classified into the following categories:

(a) single-family houses of different types;

(b) apartment blocks;

(c) offices;

(d) educational buildings;

(e) hospitals;

(f) hotels and restaurants;

(g) sports facilities;

(h) wholesale and retail trade services buildings;

(i) other types of energy-consuming buildings

Requirements for new and renovated zero-emission buildings and calculation of life-cycle GWP

(referred to in Article 2(2) and Article 7)

I. Requirements for zero-emission buildings

The total annual primary energy use of a new zero-emission building shall comply with the maximum thresholds indicated in the table below.

Member States may choose to classify internal regions in different climatic zones on the basis of Eurostat data on climatic conditions, in so far as it complies with the table below.

*Note: the threshold should be smaller than the threshold for total primary energy use established at the Member State level for nearly zero-energy non-residential buildings type other than offices

The total annual primary energy use of a new or renovated zero-emission building shall be fully covered, on a net annual or seasonal basis, by

– energy from renewable sources generated or stored on-site and fulfilling the criteria of Article 7 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 [amended RED],