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Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Riho TERRAS

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes293All roll calls2 891
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Riho TERRAS only. Show every member

Riho TERRAS’s votes against the line, 54

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
18 Dec 2025Amendment 6 to paragraph 61 Decarbonisation and modernisation of EU fisheries, and the development and deployment of fishing gearForAgainstEPP
18 Dec 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 1 Decarbonisation and modernisation of EU fisheries, and the development and deployment of fishing gearForAgainstEPP
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 77 — part 2 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstForEPP
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 23 — part 2 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstForEPP
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 18 — part 2 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstForEPP
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 17 — part 3 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstForEPP
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 17 — part 1 EU strategy for the rights of persons with disabilities post-2024AgainstForEPP
26 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Protection of minors onlineAgainstForEPP
26 Nov 2025Amendment 3 to paragraph 28 Protection of minors onlineForAgainstEPP
26 Nov 2025Paragraph 25 — part 1 Protection of minors onlineAgainstForEPP
26 Nov 2025Paragraph 24 — part 1 Protection of minors onlineAgainstForEPP
26 Nov 2025Amendment 7 to paragraph 24 Protection of minors onlineForAgainstEPP
26 Nov 2025Amendment 6 to paragraph 23 Protection of minors onlineForAgainstEPP
26 Nov 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 20 Protection of minors onlineForAgainstEPP
26 Nov 2025Paragraph 17 — part 1 Protection of minors onlineAgainstForEPP
26 Nov 2025Amendment 4 to paragraph 17 Protection of minors onlineForAgainstEPP
25 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole 2024 budget: assessing the implementation of the gender mainstreaming methodology in the EU budgetAgainstForEPP
25 Nov 2025Recital J — part 2 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AgainstForEPP
25 Nov 2025Paragraph 12 — part 1 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AbstainedForEPP
13 Nov 2025Paragraph 78 — part 1 Gender Equality Strategy 2025AgainstForEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 394, adding text after recital 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 393 to recital 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 368 to Article 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 57 to recital 3 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 68 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 67 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 66 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Separate vote on Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityAgainstForEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 65 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 51 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 64 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 63 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 62 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendment 50 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Separate vote on Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityAgainstForEPP
13 Nov 2025Amendments 49 + 61 (voted as one) to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
13 Nov 2025Proposal to reject the text Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstEPP
23 Oct 2025Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 127 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)ForAgainstEPP
23 Oct 2025Amendment 8 to paragraph 78 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)ForAgainstEPP
23 Oct 2025Amendment 3 to paragraph 38 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)ForAgainstEPP
23 Oct 2025Amendment 5 to paragraph 16 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)AbstainedAgainstEPP
23 Oct 2025Separate vote on paragraph 3 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)AbstainedForEPP
23 Oct 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30)ForAgainstEPP
22 Oct 2025Amendment 89 to paragraph 37 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsForAgainstEPP
8 Oct 2025Amendment 133 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chainForAgainstEPP
10 Sept 2025Final vote — text as a whole Role of cohesion policy investment in resolving the current housing crisisAgainstForEPP
9 Sept 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 6 Public procurementForAgainstEPP
17 Jun 2025Amendment 186 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast)AgainstForEPP
22 May 2025Amendment 35 to paragraph 7 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023AgainstAbstainedEPP
3 Apr 2025Amendment 7 to recital A Energy-intensive industriesForAgainstEPP
Show all 54 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
2 Apr 2025Amendment 67, adding text after recital J Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024ForAgainstEPP
2 Apr 2025Amendment 16 to paragraph 45 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024ForAgainstEPP
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 30 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AgainstAbstainedEPP
12 Feb 2025Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 Genetically modified maize DP910521AbstainedAgainstEPP

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Riho TERRAS , EPP · Estonia 2.3 %2 39248429

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=204449&to=2025-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Riho TERRAS”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=204449&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Riho TERRAS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=204449&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=204449&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}