Analysis
Votes against the group’s line
All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Ivars IJABS
Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?
Showing Ivars IJABS only. Show every member
Ivars IJABS’s votes against the line, 135
Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.
| Date | Vote | Position | Clear line | Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 Dec 2025 | Amendment 3 to paragraph 4 Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against Lithuania | For | Abstained | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Amendment 1, adding text after recital B European Citizens’ Initiative ‘My voice, my choice: for safe and accessible abortion’ | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Against | For | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Final vote Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Final vote Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Paragraph 27 — part 2 Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Against | For | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Paragraph 25 — part 2 Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Against | For | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Paragraph 16 — part 2 Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Against | For | Renew |
| 17 Dec 2025 | Paragraph 7 — part 2 Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work | Against | For | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Paragraph 24 — part 1 Protection of minors online | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 7 to paragraph 24 Protection of minors online | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 6 to paragraph 23 Protection of minors online | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 4 to paragraph 17 Protection of minors online | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendments 109 + 23 (voted as one) to recital 14 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 38, adding text after recital 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | Against | For | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 26 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 25 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendment 24 to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 26 Nov 2025 | Amendments 62 + 123 (voted as one) to Article 1 Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Separate vote on recital Z Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Separate vote on recital I Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 86 Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Paragraph 72 — part 3 Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 68 Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 3 Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Paragraph 3 — part 1 Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | Against | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 Gender Equality Strategy 2025 | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Final vote Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Amendments 227 + 285 (voted as one) to recital 19 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Amendments 207 + 266 + 348 (voted as one) to Article 4 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements | Against | For | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Amendments 232 + 291 (voted as one) to Article 2 Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Nov 2025 | Amendment 68 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutrality | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Oct 2025 | Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 24 Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Oct 2025 | Amendment 10 to paragraph 23 Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Oct 2025 | Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 12 Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Oct 2025 | Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 12 — part 1 Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 169, adding text after paragraph 82 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 178 to paragraph 79, after point l General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 177 to paragraph 79, after point l General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 145, adding text after paragraph 67 — part 2 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 143, adding text after paragraph 60 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 161, adding text after paragraph 56 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 54 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 129 to paragraph 54 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 141, adding text after paragraph 53 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 53 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 162, adding text after paragraph 53 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 140, adding text after paragraph 53 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 53 — part 1 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 124, adding text after paragraph 22 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
Show all 135 votes
| Date | Vote | Position | Clear line | Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 123, adding text after paragraph 22 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 22 Oct 2025 | Amendment 75, adding text after paragraph 22 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections | For | Against | Renew |
| 21 Oct 2025 | Amendment 19, adding text after citation 4 Standing Forest and Forestry Expert Group | Against | For | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 27 — part 3 United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure | For | Against | Renew |
| 9 Oct 2025 | Paragraph 27 — part 2 United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure | For | Against | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Amendment 131 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chain | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Amendment 143 to Article 1 Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chain | Against | For | Renew |
| 8 Oct 2025 | Amendment 23 to Article 1 — part 4 Amending certain CAP regulations as regards the conditionality system, types of intervention in the form of direct payment, types of intervention in certain sectors and rural development and annual performance reports, data and interoperability governance, suspensions of payments annual performance clearance and controls and penalties | For | Against | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 11 Sept 2025 | Amendment 8 to paragraph 9 Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution | For | Against | Renew |
| 9 Sept 2025 | Paragraph 46 — part 2 Public procurement | Against | For | Renew |
| 10 Jul 2025 | Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 5 Urgent need to protect religious minorities in Syria following the recent terrorist attack on Mar Elias Church in Damascus | Against | Abstained | Renew |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Amendment 2 to paragraph 4 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civilians | For | Abstained | Renew |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 24 2023 and 2024 reports on Albania | For | Against | Renew |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 24 2023 and 2024 reports on Albania | For | Against | Renew |
| 8 Jul 2025 | Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 34 EU-Greenland and Denmark Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement: Implementing Protocol 2025-2030 (Resolution) | Against | For | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 30 to paragraph 8 Clean Industrial Deal | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 293 to Article 26, paragraph 2 — part 2 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 293 to Article 26, paragraph 2 — part 1 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 292 to Article 17, paragraph 4, subparagraph 1 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 286 to Article 4, after paragraph 1 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 283 to Article 2, after paragraph 2 Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 281 to Article 1, paragraph 1, point a Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability | For | Against | Renew |
| 19 Jun 2025 | Amendment 3 to recital G Dissolution of political parties and the crackdown on the opposition in Mali | For | Against | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 6 2023 and 2024 reports on Moldova | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 18 Jun 2025 | Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 4 2023 and 2024 reports on Moldova | For | Against | Renew |
| 17 Jun 2025 | Paragraph 67 — part 2 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 17 Jun 2025 | Paragraph 66 — part 2 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 17 Jun 2025 | Amendment 2 to paragraph 40 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 17 Jun 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 33 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 17 Jun 2025 | Amendment 186 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast) | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 May 2025 | Amendment 38 to paragraph 21 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023 | For | Against | Renew |
| 22 May 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 2 Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023 | Against | For | Renew |
| 3 Apr 2025 | Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 6 Energy-intensive industries | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 67, adding text after recital J Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 62, adding text after paragraph 52 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 52 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 45 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 91 to paragraph 45 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 80 to paragraph 27 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 79 to paragraph 24 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 74, adding text after paragraph 10 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 8 Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 122 to paragraph 118 — part 2 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 122 to paragraph 118 — part 1 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 132, adding text after paragraph 44 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 119, adding text after paragraph 24 Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 9 to paragraph 97, indent 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 35 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 35 — part 1 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Paragraph 30 — part 5 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Paragraph 30 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Paragraph 30 — part 2 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Paragraph 28 — part 3 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | Against | For | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 154 to paragraph 28 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 28 to paragraph 39 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 19 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 26, adding text after paragraph 16 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 30 to paragraph 12 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | For | Against | Renew |
| 2 Apr 2025 | Amendment 29 to paragraph 11 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III | For | Against | Renew |
| 13 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 5 — part 5 Social and employment aspects of restructuring processes: the need to protect jobs and workers’ rights | Against | For | Renew |
| 13 Mar 2025 | Final vote — text as a whole Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by Azerbaijan | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 7 — part 2 Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by Azerbaijan | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 13 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 7 — part 1 Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by Azerbaijan | Abstained | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Recital H — part 2 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Recital H — part 1 The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Separate vote on paragraph 57 White paper on the future of European defence | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 103 to paragraph 46 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 103 to paragraph 46 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Paragraph 44 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defence | Against | For | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 100 to paragraph 34 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 107, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 107, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 16 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 16 — part 1 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 102 to paragraph 1 White paper on the future of European defence | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 11 Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression | For | Against | Renew |
| 12 Mar 2025 | Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 35 European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 | For | Against | Renew |
| 11 Feb 2025 | Amendment 6 to paragraph 28 European Central Bank – annual report 2024 | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 Situation in Venezuela following the usurpation of the presidency on 10 January 2025 | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 2 to recital I Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 9 to paragraph 15 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 14 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine | For | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 14 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine | Abstained | Against | Renew |
| 23 Jan 2025 | Amendment 6 to paragraph 14 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine | For | Against | Renew |
By member, 1
Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.
| Member | Against the line | Clear-line votes | Opposite | Abstained | Other | With own party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ivars IJABS , Renew · Latvia | 5.5 % | 2 444 | 96 | 36 | 3 | 0 |
About these figures
What was counted, what was left out, and how.
- 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
- 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
- A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
- Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
- Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
- Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
- Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
- Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
Sources & citation
Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.
- Permalink
- https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197624&to=2025-12-31
- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Data version
- data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
- Retrieved
- 29 September 2026
Cite as
EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Ivars IJABS”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197624&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Ivars IJABS}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197624&to=2025-12-31}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=197624&to=2025-12-31},
urldate = {2026-09-29},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}