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Votes against the group’s line

All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Marc BOTENGA

Which members voted against their group’s clear line, how often compared with the votes where the group had one, and did they vote with their national party when they did?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes293All roll calls2 891
Order Highest rate firstBy name

Showing Marc BOTENGA only. Show every member

Marc BOTENGA’s votes against the line, 128

Every vote in the selection where the member’s position differed from their group’s clear line, newest first.

Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
18 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the rule of law conditionality regimeAbstainedForThe Left
18 Dec 2025Final vote — text as a whole Grave political situation in Guinea-Bissau after the coup of 26 NovemberAbstainedForThe Left
16 Dec 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 6 Relations between the EU and Saudi ArabiaAbstainedForThe Left
16 Dec 2025Final vote Providing macro-financial assistance to JordanAgainstAbstainedThe Left
16 Dec 2025Amendment 77, adding text after Article 9 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
16 Dec 2025Amendment 80 to Article 9 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
16 Dec 2025Amendment 76 to Article 3 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
16 Dec 2025Amendment 75 to Article 2 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
16 Dec 2025Amendment 74, adding text after Article 1 Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural productsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
27 Nov 2025Amendment 1 Application of the Treaty provisions related to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality and the role of national parliaments in the EU legislative processAgainstForThe Left
27 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAgainstAbstainedThe Left
27 Nov 2025Paragraph 252 — part 4 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForThe Left
27 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 199 Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementAbstainedForThe Left
26 Nov 2025Amendment 1 Access to finance for SMEs and scale-upsAgainstAbstainedThe Left
26 Nov 2025Final vote Collection of statistical information by the European Central BankAgainstForThe Left
26 Nov 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Increasing the efficiency of the EU guarantee under the InvestEU Regulation and simplifying reporting requirementsAgainstAbstainedThe Left
26 Nov 2025Final vote — text as a whole Draft amending budget No 3/2025: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updatesAbstainedForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Recital M — part 1 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AbstainedForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Separate vote on citation 11 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AbstainedForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Separate vote on citation 10 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AbstainedForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Paragraph 12 — part 2 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AbstainedForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Paragraph 12 — part 1 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AgainstForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Paragraph 8 — part 1 Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report)AbstainedForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Amendment 2 to paragraph 9 Existence of a clear risk of a serious breach by Hungary of the values on which the Union is foundedAgainstForThe Left
25 Nov 2025Separate vote on paragraph 4 Existence of a clear risk of a serious breach by Hungary of the values on which the Union is foundedAbstainedForThe Left
13 Nov 2025Final vote Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association ProcessAbstainedForThe Left
13 Nov 2025Amendment 67 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstThe Left
13 Nov 2025Amendment 14 to Article 1 — part 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityAbstainedForThe Left
13 Nov 2025Amendment 63 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstThe Left
13 Nov 2025Amendment 62 to Article 1 Framework for achieving climate neutralityForAgainstThe Left
22 Oct 2025Separate vote on paragraph 12 Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiationsAgainstForThe Left
22 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAbstainedForThe Left
22 Oct 2025Paragraph 17 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAbstainedForThe Left
22 Oct 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 16 — part 1 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAbstainedForThe Left
22 Oct 2025Amendment 165, adding text after paragraph 63 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
22 Oct 2025Separate vote on paragraph 35 General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sectionsAbstainedForThe Left
21 Oct 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundationsAbstainedForThe Left
21 Oct 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks and improving cooperation among Union agencies in the area of chemicalsAbstainedForThe Left
21 Oct 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals AgencyAbstainedForThe Left
9 Oct 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution The role of simple tax rules and tax fragmentation in European competitivenessAbstainedForThe Left
9 Oct 2025Final vote — text as a whole Humanitarian and security situation in Haiti, in particular the rising power of criminal gangs and the recent massacre in CabaretAbstainedForThe Left
7 Oct 2025Final vote Extension of the derogation for heavy-duty vehicles with zero emissionsAbstainedForThe Left
7 Oct 2025Amendments 1 + 2 (voted as one) Extension of the derogation for heavy-duty vehicles with zero emissionsAbstainedAgainstThe Left
10 Sept 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Switzerland Cooperation Agreement: European Satellite Navigation ProgrammesAbstainedForThe Left
10 Sept 2025Final vote on the provisional agreement Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: simplification and strengtheningAbstainedForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Paragraph 71 — part 1 Public procurementAbstainedForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 67 Public procurementAbstainedForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Amendment 47 to paragraph 67 Public procurementAgainstForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Amendment 37 to paragraph 67 Public procurementAbstainedForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Amendment 18 to paragraph 67 Public procurementAbstainedForThe Left
Show all 128 votes
Position: the member’s vote. Clear line: the position of at least two thirds of Group (at least 10 members voting), the group they sat in on that day.
DateVotePositionClear lineGroup
9 Sept 2025Separate vote on paragraph 53 Public procurementAbstainedForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 6 Public procurementAbstainedForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Paragraph 3 — part 1 Public procurementAgainstForThe Left
9 Sept 2025Amendment 134 to Article 6 Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehiclesAbstainedForThe Left
10 Jul 2025Amendment 2 to paragraph 7 — part 1 Urgent need to protect religious minorities in Syria following the recent terrorist attack on Mar Elias Church in DamascusAgainstForThe Left
9 Jul 2025Amendment 2 to paragraph 4 The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civiliansForAgainstThe Left
9 Jul 2025Final vote — text as a whole Product safety and regulatory compliance in e-commerce and non-EU importsAbstainedForThe Left
8 Jul 2025Separate vote on citation 11 Security of energy supply in the EUAgainstForThe Left
8 Jul 2025Paragraph 28 — part 1 Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024ForAgainstThe Left
8 Jul 2025Council draft Final vote VAT: taxable persons, special scheme and special arrangements for declaration and payment, relating to distance sales of imported goodsAbstainedForThe Left
8 Jul 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Greenland and Denmark Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement: Implementing Protocol 2025-2030AgainstForThe Left
19 Jun 2025Final vote — text as a whole Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy systemAbstainedForThe Left
19 Jun 2025Recital R — part 3 Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy systemAbstainedForThe Left
19 Jun 2025Recital R — part 2 Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy systemAbstainedForThe Left
19 Jun 2025Paragraph 13 — part 2 Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy systemAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Separate vote on paragraph 8 2023 and 2024 reports on MoldovaAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Final vote — text as a whole The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law reportAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Paragraph 85 — part 2 The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law reportAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Paragraph 53 — part 2 The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law reportAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Paragraph 36 — part 2 The Commission’s 2024 Rule of Law reportAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Recital G — part 2 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience FacilityAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Recital E — part 2 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience FacilityAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Paragraph 19 — part 4 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience FacilityAbstainedForThe Left
18 Jun 2025Paragraph 19 — part 3 Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience FacilityAbstainedForThe Left
17 Jun 2025Separate vote on paragraph 44 Financing for development – ahead of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development in SevilleAbstainedForThe Left
17 Jun 2025Final vote on the motion for a resolution Termination of the Voluntary Partnership Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Cameroon on forest law enforcement governance and trade in timber and derived products to the Union.AbstainedForThe Left
17 Jun 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine amending the Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine on the carriage of freight by road of 29 June 2022AbstainedForThe Left
22 May 2025Amendment 29, adding text after recital F Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2023AbstainedAgainstThe Left
22 May 2025Final vote Euratom Research and Training Programme for the period 2026-2027 complementing Horizon EuropeAgainstAbstainedThe Left
22 May 2025Amendment 4, adding text after recital 10 Modification of customs duties applicable to imports of certain goods originating in or exported from the Russian Federation and the Republic of BelarusAbstainedAgainstThe Left
22 May 2025Final vote Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanismAbstainedForThe Left
22 May 2025Amendment 9, adding text after recital 29 Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanismAbstainedAgainstThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 21 — part 1 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal marketAbstainedAgainstThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 14 to paragraph 16 Old challenges and new commercial practices in the internal marketAbstainedForThe Left
8 May 2025Separate vote on paragraph 25 Banking Union – annual report 2024AbstainedForThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 1 to paragraph 1 Banking Union – annual report 2024ForAbstainedThe Left
8 May 2025Referral back to committee Screening of foreign investments in the UnionAbstainedForThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 123 Screening of foreign investments in the UnionAbstainedAgainstThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 122 Screening of foreign investments in the UnionAbstainedAgainstThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 117 Screening of foreign investments in the UnionAbstainedForThe Left
8 May 2025Amendment 2, adding text after recital 5 CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles for 2025 to 2027AbstainedAgainstThe Left
7 May 2025Separate vote on paragraph 57 2023 and 2024 reports on TürkiyeAbstainedForThe Left
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: Joint UndertakingsAbstainedForThe Left
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: AgenciesAbstainedForThe Left
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European External Action ServiceAgainstForThe Left
7 May 2025Paragraph 23 — part 2 Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Court of AuditorsAbstainedForThe Left
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and CouncilAbstainedForThe Left
7 May 2025Final vote — text as a whole Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development FundsAgainstForThe Left
7 May 2025Final vote Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European ParliamentAgainstForThe Left
3 Apr 2025Final vote — text as a whole Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European ParliamentAgainstAbstainedThe Left
3 Apr 2025Amendment 2 to paragraph 40 Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European ParliamentAbstainedForThe Left
3 Apr 2025Decision to open negotiations with the Council Final vote Granting equivalence with EU requirements to Moldova and Ukraine as regards field inspections and production of seedAbstainedForThe Left
2 Apr 2025Amendment 26 to recital U Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForThe Left
2 Apr 2025Amendment 53 to paragraph 76 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForThe Left
2 Apr 2025Amendment 30 to paragraph 8 — part 1 Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024AbstainedForThe Left
2 Apr 2025Paragraph 31 — part 3 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedForThe Left
2 Apr 2025Amendment 81, adding text after paragraph 17 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedForThe Left
2 Apr 2025Amendment 13 to paragraph 14 Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section IIIAbstainedForThe Left
1 Apr 2025Amendment 40 to recital 5 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForThe Left
1 Apr 2025Amendment 36 to Article 4, paragraph 3, subparagraph 1, point a Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForThe Left
1 Apr 2025Amendment 35 to Article 3, after paragraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForThe Left
1 Apr 2025Amendment 44 to Article 1, paragraph 3, after subparagraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForThe Left
1 Apr 2025Amendment 43 to Article 1, paragraph 3, subparagraph 2 Macro-financial assistance to EgyptAbstainedForThe Left
1 Apr 2025Final vote Macro-financial assistance to JordanAgainstAbstainedThe Left
13 Mar 2025Paragraph 7 — part 2 Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by AzerbaijanAbstainedForThe Left
13 Mar 2025Paragraph 7 — part 1 Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by AzerbaijanAbstainedForThe Left
12 Mar 2025Amendment 39 to recital F The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaForAgainstThe Left
12 Mar 2025Amendment 38 to recital D The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in SyriaAbstainedAgainstThe Left
12 Mar 2025Amendment 76 to paragraph 71 — part 2 White paper on the future of European defenceAbstainedForThe Left
12 Mar 2025Final vote on the draft Council decision EU-Norway Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff-rate quotas included in EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European UnionForAbstainedThe Left
12 Mar 202511-12 November Parliament’s calendar of part-sessions – 2026ForAgainstThe Left
10 Mar 2025Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the ECR Group Final vote Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the ECR GroupAbstainedAgainstThe Left
12 Feb 2025Council draft Final vote VAT: rules for the digital ageAbstainedForThe Left
11 Feb 2025Paragraph 27 — part 2 European Central Bank – annual report 2024AbstainedForThe Left
11 Feb 2025Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 26 European Central Bank – annual report 2024AbstainedForThe Left
23 Jan 2025Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 14 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineAbstainedAgainstThe Left
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 10 — part 5 Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against UkraineAbstainedForThe Left
23 Jan 2025Paragraph 7 — part 2 Systematic repression of human rights in Iran, notably the cases of Pakhshan Azizi and Wrisha Moradi, and the taking of EU citizens as hostagesAbstainedForThe Left

By member, 1

Members with at least one vote where their group had a clear line. Order: by rate, for members with at least 300 clear-line votes (the rest follow by name) — not a ranking.

Against the line: votes against the group’s clear line ÷ clear-line votes (votes where the member’s group at the date had a clear line and the member voted); a count below 50. Of the votes against: opposite (for ↔ against), abstained against the line, other (for or against when the line was to abstain), and with own party — with the majority of their national party’s members in the group (at least two voting).
MemberAgainst the lineClear-line votesOppositeAbstainedOtherWith own party
Marc BOTENGA , The Left · Belgium 5.2 %2 470209990

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 2 891 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 78 of 371 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • A vote counts against the group’s line when the group’s clear line — at least two thirds of its votes cast, with at least 10 members voting — was different from the member’s position; a divided group has no line to vote against (method). This is a different rule from group loyalty, which uses the majority line (loyalty).
  • Ordered by rate, only members with at least 300 votes where their group had a clear line are compared; fewer votes make a rate unstable, and below 50 the figure is shown as a count.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Voted against the group’s clear line v1, Voted with the group’s majority line v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=187917&to=2025-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Marc BOTENGA”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=187917&to=2025-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Votes against the group’s line — All roll calls · 1 Jan 2025 – 31 Dec 2025 · Marc BOTENGA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=187917&to=2025-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/dissent?from=2025-01-01&mep=187917&to=2025-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}