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Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade & customs (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted

How united do the delegations vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes54All roll calls269
Blocs GroupsDelegations
Periods Part-sessionsQuartersMonthsWhole period
Positions For, against, abstainedFor and against only ⓘ

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per quarter, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the delegations per quarter, Q4 2024 to Q3 2026: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Q4 2024 → Q3 2026; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Dashed: a period with fewer than 20 votes counted (no value) between two that have one.

Data as a table
Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
PeriodAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCyprusCzechiaGermanyDenmarkEstoniaSpainFinlandFranceGreeceCroatiaHungaryIrelandItalyLithuaniaLuxembourgLatviaMaltaNetherlandsPolandPortugalRomaniaSwedenSloveniaSlovakia
Q4 2024—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—0 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—0 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—4 votes—0 votes—4 votes
Q1 2025—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote
Q2 20250.6831 votes0.6831 votes0.5731 votes—0 votes0.5231 votes0.6931 votes0.8531 votes—0 votes0.7831 votes0.8631 votes0.4131 votes0.7330 votes—6 votes0.6330 votes0.8731 votes0.3931 votes0.6830 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7931 votes0.4931 votes0.8531 votes0.6131 votes0.8631 votes—0 votes0.5030 votes
Q3 20250.6521 votes0.6221 votes0.7321 votes—0 votes0.6521 votes0.6821 votes0.8221 votes—0 votes0.7221 votes0.7521 votes0.5621 votes0.5721 votes0.7721 votes—11 votes0.7721 votes0.6021 votes—18 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7621 votes0.6921 votes0.7621 votes0.7721 votes0.7021 votes—0 votes0.4721 votes
Q4 20250.4689 votes0.5389 votes0.7789 votes—0 votes0.4989 votes0.5389 votes0.7489 votes—0 votes0.7889 votes0.6689 votes0.6089 votes0.4689 votes0.5449 votes0.7487 votes0.6586 votes0.5589 votes0.6161 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6089 votes0.6089 votes0.8089 votes0.7389 votes0.7889 votes—0 votes0.4589 votes
Q1 20260.5931 votes0.5131 votes0.7730 votes—0 votes0.5631 votes0.6031 votes0.6831 votes—0 votes0.7731 votes0.6231 votes0.5531 votes0.4731 votes0.7723 votes0.9325 votes—10 votes0.6331 votes0.7627 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6531 votes0.8031 votes0.8331 votes0.7931 votes0.7431 votes—0 votes0.4531 votes
Q2 20260.5229 votes0.6329 votes0.6929 votes—0 votes0.5629 votes0.6430 votes0.8129 votes—0 votes0.7430 votes0.7929 votes0.5729 votes0.5630 votes—18 votes0.6929 votes0.8329 votes0.6030 votes0.6924 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6529 votes0.6030 votes0.8129 votes0.7430 votes0.7530 votes—0 votes0.5530 votes
Q3 20260.5862 votes0.6362 votes0.6962 votes—0 votes0.5862 votes0.6362 votes0.6762 votes—0 votes0.7362 votes0.6762 votes0.4262 votes0.5562 votes0.7159 votes0.5862 votes0.8156 votes0.5462 votes0.7362 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6062 votes0.6362 votes0.8362 votes0.7862 votes0.7262 votes—0 votes0.4062 votes
Whole period0.550.590.72—0.550.610.74—0.760.700.530.540.710.700.750.550.69———0.650.630.810.740.76—0.46
Votes considered268268267026826926802692682682681802492382692260002682692682692690268

Over the whole selection

Each delegation’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
DelegationCohesionVotes countedSeats
Austria 0.5526820
Belgium 0.5926822
Bulgaria 0.7226717
Cyprus fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Czechia 0.5526821
Germany 0.6126995
Denmark 0.7426815
Estonia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—07
Spain 0.7626960
Finland 0.7026815
France 0.5326881
Greece 0.5426821
Croatia 0.7118012
Hungary 0.7024921
Ireland 0.7523814
Italy 0.5526976
Lithuania 0.6922611
Luxembourg fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Latvia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Malta fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Netherlands 0.6526831
Poland 0.6326953
Portugal 0.8126821
Romania 0.7426933
Sweden 0.7626921
Slovenia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Slovakia 0.4626815

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 269 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 5 of 59 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • 1 809 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
  • Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
  • A delegation’s cohesion reflects the mix of groups its members sit in. Delegations with fewer than 10 seats are shown but not compared.
  • Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade & customs (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade \& customs (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}