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Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · topic Returns (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted

How united do the delegations vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes3All roll calls24
Blocs GroupsDelegations
Periods Part-sessionsQuartersMonthsWhole period
Positions For, against, abstainedFor and against only ⓘ

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per quarter, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the delegations per quarter, Q4 2025 to Q2 2026: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Q4 2025 → Q2 2026; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Data as a table
Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
PeriodAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCyprusCzechiaGermanyDenmarkEstoniaSpainFinlandFranceGreeceCroatiaHungaryIrelandItalyLithuaniaLuxembourgLatviaMaltaNetherlandsPolandPortugalRomaniaSwedenSloveniaSlovakia
Q4 20250.4420 votes0.5620 votes0.5820 votes—0 votes0.5420 votes0.5420 votes0.6420 votes—0 votes0.6320 votes0.7820 votes0.3820 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7820 votes0.4220 votes0.5420 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.4720 votes0.5720 votes0.6520 votes0.5820 votes0.6320 votes—0 votes0.4120 votes
Q1 2026—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—1 vote—0 votes—1 vote
Q2 2026—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—0 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—0 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—3 votes—0 votes—2 votes
Whole period0.430.520.58—0.600.510.63—0.570.700.38———0.730.400.54———0.460.620.580.590.57—0.47
Votes considered242424024242402424244442324200002424242424023

Over the whole selection

Each delegation’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
DelegationCohesionVotes countedSeats
Austria 0.432420
Belgium 0.522422
Bulgaria 0.582417
Cyprus fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Czechia 0.602421
Germany 0.512495
Denmark 0.632415
Estonia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—07
Spain 0.572460
Finland 0.702415
France 0.382481
Greece —421
Croatia —412
Hungary —421
Ireland 0.732314
Italy 0.402476
Lithuania 0.542011
Luxembourg fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Latvia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Malta fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Netherlands 0.462431
Poland 0.622453
Portugal 0.582421
Romania 0.592433
Sweden 0.572421
Slovenia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Slovakia 0.472315

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 24 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 0 of 3 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • 210 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
  • Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
  • A delegation’s cohesion reflects the mix of groups its members sit in. Delegations with fewer than 10 seats are shown but not compared.
  • Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 26 Sept 2026, 03:32 UTC (data stamp 579b2832c723, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=migration%2Freturns&to=2026-09-26
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · topic Returns (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=migration%2Freturns&to=2026-09-26 (retrieved 26 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-26,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · topic Returns (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=migration%2Freturns&to=2026-09-26}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=migration%2Freturns&to=2026-09-26},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}