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Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Defence & security (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted

How united do the delegations vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes36All roll calls703
Blocs GroupsDelegations
Periods Part-sessionsQuartersMonthsWhole period
Positions For, against, abstainedFor and against only ⓘ

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per quarter, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the delegations per quarter, Q3 2024 to Q3 2026: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Q3 2024 → Q3 2026; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Dashed: a period with fewer than 20 votes counted (no value) between two that have one.

Data as a table
Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
PeriodAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCyprusCzechiaGermanyDenmarkEstoniaSpainFinlandFranceGreeceCroatiaHungaryIrelandItalyLithuaniaLuxembourgLatviaMaltaNetherlandsPolandPortugalRomaniaSwedenSloveniaSlovakia
Q3 20240.4164 votes0.6264 votes0.6254 votes—0 votes0.4764 votes0.5864 votes0.8464 votes—0 votes0.7164 votes0.8664 votes0.4764 votes0.5064 votes—18 votes0.5459 votes0.5764 votes0.5464 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7364 votes0.8164 votes0.7563 votes0.6264 votes0.8964 votes—0 votes0.3764 votes
Q4 20240.5067 votes0.6867 votes0.6464 votes—0 votes0.4367 votes0.6167 votes0.8267 votes—0 votes0.7367 votes0.8467 votes0.4067 votes0.4567 votes0.8465 votes0.6236 votes0.7341 votes0.5267 votes0.8551 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7067 votes0.7267 votes0.7467 votes0.7167 votes0.8267 votes—0 votes0.3967 votes
Q1 20250.54152 votes0.55152 votes0.52152 votes—0 votes0.48152 votes0.58152 votes0.73152 votes—0 votes0.63152 votes0.75152 votes0.46152 votes0.41152 votes0.79151 votes0.70150 votes0.61152 votes0.47152 votes0.71133 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.68152 votes0.71152 votes0.68152 votes0.71152 votes0.76152 votes—0 votes0.38152 votes
Q2 20250.48115 votes0.51115 votes0.56115 votes—0 votes0.52115 votes0.59115 votes0.64115 votes—0 votes0.63115 votes0.64115 votes0.42115 votes0.48115 votes0.61115 votes0.76112 votes0.66115 votes0.44115 votes0.62113 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.56115 votes0.67115 votes0.65115 votes0.63115 votes0.61115 votes—0 votes0.46115 votes
Q3 20250.5022 votes0.5222 votes0.6822 votes—0 votes0.4822 votes0.4922 votes0.6922 votes—0 votes0.6722 votes0.7122 votes0.4422 votes0.3822 votes0.7222 votes—19 votes0.5722 votes0.5122 votes0.7820 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6222 votes0.8122 votes0.6222 votes0.7422 votes0.7122 votes—0 votes0.3620 votes
Q4 20250.4872 votes0.5872 votes0.7271 votes—0 votes0.5772 votes0.6072 votes0.8072 votes—0 votes0.7972 votes0.8872 votes0.4872 votes0.3936 votes0.8946 votes0.6457 votes0.6472 votes0.5672 votes0.8942 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7572 votes0.7772 votes0.8172 votes0.8272 votes0.8772 votes—0 votes0.3472 votes
Q1 20260.5282 votes0.6282 votes0.6382 votes—0 votes0.4682 votes0.5982 votes0.7582 votes—0 votes0.7182 votes0.7782 votes0.4982 votes0.4082 votes0.8069 votes0.7931 votes0.6682 votes0.4982 votes0.7972 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6882 votes0.7182 votes0.7582 votes0.7682 votes0.7382 votes—0 votes0.3982 votes
Q2 20260.4623 votes0.7523 votes0.6722 votes—0 votes0.6723 votes0.6123 votes0.8623 votes—0 votes0.8423 votes0.8723 votes0.7323 votes0.4423 votes—0 votes0.6422 votes0.7723 votes0.6923 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.8523 votes0.8623 votes0.8423 votes0.7923 votes0.9023 votes—0 votes0.2723 votes
Q3 20260.53106 votes0.58106 votes0.49106 votes—0 votes0.47106 votes0.65106 votes0.68106 votes—0 votes0.74106 votes0.83106 votes0.37106 votes0.58106 votes0.80106 votes0.50101 votes0.8391 votes0.39106 votes0.65105 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.63106 votes0.48106 votes0.87106 votes0.64106 votes0.72106 votes—0 votes0.34106 votes
Whole period0.500.580.59—0.490.600.74—0.700.780.450.460.770.650.670.480.72———0.670.690.740.700.76—0.38
Votes considered703703688070370370307037037036675925876627035360007037037027037030701

Over the whole selection

Each delegation’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
DelegationCohesionVotes countedSeats
Austria 0.5070320
Belgium 0.5870322
Bulgaria 0.5968817
Cyprus fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Czechia 0.4970321
Germany 0.6070395
Denmark 0.7470315
Estonia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—07
Spain 0.7070360
Finland 0.7870315
France 0.4570381
Greece 0.4666721
Croatia 0.7759212
Hungary 0.6558721
Ireland 0.6766214
Italy 0.4870376
Lithuania 0.7253611
Luxembourg fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Latvia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Malta fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Netherlands 0.6770331
Poland 0.6970353
Portugal 0.7470221
Romania 0.7070333
Sweden 0.7670321
Slovenia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Slovakia 0.3870115

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 703 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 2 of 38 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • 4 707 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
  • Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
  • A delegation’s cohesion reflects the mix of groups its members sit in. Delegations with fewer than 10 seats are shown but not compared.
  • Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=defence&to=2026-09-25
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Defence & security (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=defence&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Defence \& security (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=defence&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=defence&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}