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Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Emissions & carbon pricing (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted

How united do the delegations vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes12All roll calls134
Blocs GroupsDelegations
Periods Part-sessionsQuartersMonthsWhole period
Positions For, against, abstainedFor and against only ⓘ

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per quarter, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the delegations per quarter, Q2 2025 to Q3 2026: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Q2 2025 → Q3 2026; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Dashed: a period with fewer than 20 votes counted (no value) between two that have one.

Data as a table
Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
PeriodAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCyprusCzechiaGermanyDenmarkEstoniaSpainFinlandFranceGreeceCroatiaHungaryIrelandItalyLithuaniaLuxembourgLatviaMaltaNetherlandsPolandPortugalRomaniaSwedenSloveniaSlovakia
Q2 20250.6140 votes0.7940 votes0.5140 votes—0 votes0.5640 votes0.6540 votes0.8040 votes—0 votes0.7740 votes0.8540 votes0.3740 votes0.6738 votes—0 votes0.6237 votes0.9940 votes0.3540 votes—18 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7340 votes0.5440 votes0.8340 votes0.3140 votes0.7840 votes—0 votes—18 votes
Q3 2025—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—0 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—0 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—2 votes—0 votes—2 votes
Q4 20250.6440 votes0.6340 votes0.5140 votes—0 votes0.6740 votes0.7740 votes0.8140 votes—0 votes0.5740 votes0.8340 votes0.3540 votes0.6040 votes0.8040 votes0.5740 votes0.8840 votes0.4440 votes0.7740 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7340 votes0.8840 votes0.8340 votes0.6940 votes0.7140 votes—0 votes0.4540 votes
Q1 2026—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—0 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—0 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—2 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—7 votes—0 votes—7 votes
Q2 2026—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—0 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—0 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—0 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—12 votes—0 votes—12 votes
Q3 20260.4833 votes0.5833 votes0.4733 votes—0 votes0.5233 votes0.6233 votes0.7333 votes—0 votes0.6233 votes0.8333 votes0.3533 votes0.6033 votes0.8232 votes0.4933 votes0.9130 votes0.4033 votes0.5833 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.6233 votes0.5233 votes0.8433 votes0.6233 votes0.7533 votes—0 votes0.3233 votes
Whole period0.590.650.53—0.610.680.77—0.650.830.370.600.810.560.920.410.67———0.670.670.830.560.74—0.44
Votes considered13413413401341341340134134134132811261311341120001341341341341340112

Over the whole selection

Each delegation’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
DelegationCohesionVotes countedSeats
Austria 0.5913420
Belgium 0.6513422
Bulgaria 0.5313417
Cyprus fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Czechia 0.6113421
Germany 0.6813495
Denmark 0.7713415
Estonia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—07
Spain 0.6513460
Finland 0.8313415
France 0.3713481
Greece 0.6013221
Croatia 0.818112
Hungary 0.5612621
Ireland 0.9213114
Italy 0.4113476
Lithuania 0.6711211
Luxembourg fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Latvia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Malta fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Netherlands 0.6713431
Poland 0.6713453
Portugal 0.8313421
Romania 0.5613433
Sweden 0.7413421
Slovenia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Slovakia 0.4411215

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 134 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 4 of 16 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • 914 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
  • Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
  • A delegation’s cohesion reflects the mix of groups its members sit in. Delegations with fewer than 10 seats are shown but not compared.
  • Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=climate%2Femissions&to=2026-09-25
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Emissions & carbon pricing (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=climate%2Femissions&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Emissions \& carbon pricing (model-assigned) · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=climate%2Femissions&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&scope=all&topic=climate%2Femissions&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}