Skip to content
EU Parl WatchResearch
Projects

Analysis

Cohesion

Final votes · 16 Jul 2024 – 31 Dec 2024 · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted

How united do the delegations vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

Cite
Export
Period Term202420252026Last 6 months
Custom dates
Votes Final votes66All roll calls516
Blocs GroupsDelegations
Periods Part-sessionsQuartersMonthsWhole period
Positions For, against, abstainedFor and against only ⓘ

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per quarter, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the delegations per quarter, Q3 2024 to Q4 2024: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Q3 2024 → Q4 2024; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Data as a table
Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
PeriodAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCyprusCzechiaGermanyDenmarkEstoniaSpainFinlandFranceGreeceCroatiaHungaryIrelandItalyLithuaniaLuxembourgLatviaMaltaNetherlandsPolandPortugalRomaniaSwedenSloveniaSlovakia
Q3 2024—9 votes—9 votes—7 votes—0 votes—9 votes—9 votes—9 votes—0 votes—9 votes—9 votes—9 votes—9 votes—3 votes—6 votes—8 votes—9 votes—2 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes—9 votes—9 votes—9 votes—9 votes—9 votes—0 votes—8 votes
Q4 20240.6657 votes0.6857 votes0.7054 votes—0 votes0.6057 votes0.6457 votes0.7356 votes—0 votes0.7057 votes0.7657 votes0.6257 votes0.6454 votes0.9354 votes0.6644 votes0.7651 votes0.7157 votes0.7539 votes—0 votes—0 votes—0 votes0.7157 votes0.7457 votes0.7457 votes0.7157 votes0.7257 votes—0 votes0.5857 votes
Whole period0.660.690.69—0.600.610.73—0.690.760.630.630.930.650.750.710.74———0.700.740.730.700.72—0.58
Votes considered666661066666506666666357505966410006666666666065

Over the whole selection

Each delegation’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
DelegationCohesionVotes countedSeats
Austria 0.666620
Belgium 0.696622
Bulgaria 0.696117
Cyprus fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Czechia 0.606621
Germany 0.616695
Denmark 0.736515
Estonia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—07
Spain 0.696660
Finland 0.766615
France 0.636681
Greece 0.636321
Croatia 0.935712
Hungary 0.655021
Ireland 0.755914
Italy 0.716676
Lithuania 0.744111
Luxembourg fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Latvia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Malta fewer than 10 seats — not compared—06
Netherlands 0.706631
Poland 0.746653
Portugal 0.736621
Romania 0.706633
Sweden 0.726621
Slovenia fewer than 10 seats — not compared—09
Slovakia 0.586515

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

  • 66 votes considered (final votes matching the filters; scope).
  • 15 of 81 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
  • 463 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
  • Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
  • A delegation’s cohesion reflects the mix of groups its members sit in. Delegations with fewer than 10 seats are shown but not compared.
  • Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
  • Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
  • Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
  • Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
  • Data as of 29 Sept 2026, 03:29 UTC (data stamp 2b7a29b98b0d, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).
Export
Cite

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&from=2024-01-01&to=2024-12-31
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
29 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — Final votes · 16 Jul 2024 – 31 Dec 2024 · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&from=2024-01-01&to=2024-12-31 (retrieved 29 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-29,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — Final votes · 16 Jul 2024 – 31 Dec 2024 · national delegations · per quarter · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&from=2024-01-01&to=2024-12-31}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?by=country&from=2024-01-01&to=2024-12-31},
  urldate = {2026-09-29},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 2b7a29b98b0d (29 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}