Analysis

Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · topic Foreign affairs (model-assigned) · political groups · whole period · abstentions counted

How united do the groups vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term 2024 2025 2026 Last 6 months

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Votes Final votes245 All roll calls2 136

Blocs Groups Delegations

Periods Part-sessions Quarters Months Whole period

Positions For, against, abstained For and against only ⓘ

Lead committee Topic (model-assigned) Kind of decision Contested votes only (largest side under 80 %)

Over the whole selection

Each group’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
Group	Cohesion	Votes counted	Seats
The Left	0.82	2 135	44
Greens	0.91	2 135	53
S&D	0.93	2 134	135
Renew	0.93	2 135	78
EPP	0.89	2 130	184
ECR	0.81	2 136	84
Patriots	0.70	2 135	85
ESN	0.78	2 135	27

By lead committee

Cohesion on the votes of each lead committee’s dossiers, 2 136 votes in all. A figure needs at least 20 votes where enough of the bloc’s members voted.

Lead committee of the dossier. Votes: the votes in the selection under it. Each group’s column: its Agreement Index over those votes (0–1), counted only on votes where at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes.
Committee	Votes	The Left	Greens	S&D	Renew	EPP	ECR	Patriots	ESN
Foreign Affairs (AFET)	639	0.83	0.93	0.93	0.92	0.88	0.78	0.71	0.80
International Trade (INTA)	164	0.88	0.87	0.86	0.91	0.93	0.81	0.72	0.74
Women’s Rights and Gender Equality (FEMM)	116	0.95	0.99	0.98	0.95	0.75	0.79	0.67	0.86
Development (DEVE)	44	0.98	0.99	0.96	0.86	0.79	0.79	0.83	0.91
Security and Defence (SEDE)	42	0.77	0.84	0.88	0.91	0.92	0.81	0.74	0.77
Environment, Climate and Food Safety (ENVI)	33	0.99	0.97	0.98	0.96	0.71	0.78	0.55	0.88
Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE)	16	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Constitutional Affairs (AFCO)	12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE)	11	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Fisheries (PECH)	8	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON)	6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Transport and Tourism (TRAN)	4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Legal Affairs (JURI)	2	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Agriculture and Rural Development (AGRI)	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Budgets (BUDG)	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

By topic

Cohesion on the votes of each topic. A figure needs at least 20 votes where enough of the bloc’s members voted. Topics are assigned by a language model, not checked by hand.

Topic (model-assigned). Votes: the votes in the selection under it. Each group’s column: its Agreement Index over those votes (0–1), counted only on votes where at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes.
Topic	Votes	The Left	Greens	S&D	Renew	EPP	ECR	Patriots	ESN
Foreign affairs	2 136	0.82	0.91	0.93	0.93	0.89	0.81	0.70	0.78
Defence & security	586	0.71	0.86	0.91	0.92	0.92	0.79	0.63	0.75
Trade & customs	202	0.88	0.87	0.87	0.93	0.94	0.80	0.72	0.78
Jobs, social affairs & equality	153	0.93	0.99	0.97	0.95	0.79	0.80	0.69	0.84
Economy & single market	73	0.86	0.74	0.89	0.94	0.95	0.83	0.67	0.80
Agriculture, food & fisheries	69	0.94	0.93	0.85	0.87	0.87	0.71	0.84	0.71
Climate & environment	44	0.95	0.98	0.97	0.94	0.77	0.78	0.60	0.84
Migration & asylum	39	0.88	0.96	0.94	0.93	0.83	0.84	0.89	0.95
Justice, rule of law & rights	24	0.74	0.93	0.98	0.96	0.95	0.80	0.80	0.81
Transport & tourism	13	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Digital, AI & data	12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EU institutions & Parliament	12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
EU budget & funds	6	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Energy	3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Health	1	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

2 136 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
28 of 273 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
13 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
Data as of 26 Sept 2026, 03:32 UTC (data stamp 579b2832c723, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).

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Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink: https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=term&scope=all&topic=foreign-affairs&to=2026-09-26
Data source: European Parliament Open Data
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version: data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved: 26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · topic Foreign affairs (model-assigned) · political groups · whole period · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=term&scope=all&topic=foreign-affairs&to=2026-09-26 (retrieved 26 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.

BibTeX

@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-26,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 26 Sept 2026 · topic Foreign affairs (model-assigned) · political groups · whole period · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=term&scope=all&topic=foreign-affairs&to=2026-09-26}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=term&scope=all&topic=foreign-affairs&to=2026-09-26},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}