Analysis

Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade & customs (model-assigned) · political groups · per quarter · abstentions counted

How united do the groups vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term 2024 2025 2026 Last 6 months

Custom dates

Votes Final votes54 All roll calls269

Blocs Groups Delegations

Periods Part-sessions Quarters Months Whole period

Positions For, against, abstained For and against only ⓘ

Lead committee Topic (model-assigned) Kind of decision Contested votes only (largest side under 80 %)

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per quarter, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the groups per quarter, Q4 2024 to Q3 2026: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Q4 2024 → Q3 2026; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Data as a table

Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
Period	The Left	Greens	S&D	Renew	EPP	ECR	Patriots	ESN
Q4 2024	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes
Q1 2025	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote
Q2 2025	0.8931 votes	0.9831 votes	0.9931 votes	0.9731 votes	0.8531 votes	0.8031 votes	0.7631 votes	0.8731 votes
Q3 2025	0.8921 votes	0.8021 votes	0.9521 votes	0.9721 votes	0.9921 votes	0.8521 votes	0.8421 votes	0.8121 votes
Q4 2025	0.8389 votes	0.9389 votes	0.8789 votes	0.8889 votes	0.8989 votes	0.7689 votes	0.8089 votes	0.7289 votes
Q1 2026	0.9230 votes	0.7031 votes	0.8431 votes	0.9031 votes	0.9731 votes	0.8131 votes	0.5331 votes	0.7631 votes
Q2 2026	0.8829 votes	0.8829 votes	0.9529 votes	0.9630 votes	0.9530 votes	0.7730 votes	0.7029 votes	0.9129 votes
Q3 2026	0.9362 votes	0.9762 votes	0.8962 votes	0.9662 votes	0.9562 votes	0.8462 votes	0.7962 votes	0.8862 votes
Whole period	0.88	0.90	0.90	0.93	0.92	0.80	0.75	0.81
Votes considered	267	268	268	269	269	269	268	268

Over the whole selection

Each group’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
Group	Cohesion	Votes counted	Seats
The Left	0.88	267	44
Greens	0.90	268	53
S&D	0.90	268	135
Renew	0.93	269	78
EPP	0.92	269	184
ECR	0.80	269	84
Patriots	0.75	268	85
ESN	0.81	268	27

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

269 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
5 of 59 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
6 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).

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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink: https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=quarter&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25
Data source: European Parliament Open Data
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version: data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved: 25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade & customs (model-assigned) · political groups · per quarter · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=quarter&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.

BibTeX

@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade \& customs (model-assigned) · political groups · per quarter · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=quarter&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=quarter&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}