Analysis

Cohesion

All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade & customs (model-assigned) · political groups · per month · abstentions counted

How united do the groups vote — over time, and on the votes of each committee or topic?

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Period Term 2024 2025 2026 Last 6 months

Custom dates

Votes Final votes54 All roll calls269

Blocs Groups Delegations

Periods Part-sessions Quarters Months Whole period

Positions For, against, abstained For and against only ⓘ

Lead committee Topic (model-assigned) Kind of decision Contested votes only (largest side under 80 %)

Cohesion over time

Agreement Index per month, from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same). A vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; a gap is a period with fewer than 20 votes counted.

Cohesion of the groups per month, Dec 2024 to Sept 2026: Agreement Index from 0 (evenly split) to 1 (all voted the same).

Dec 2024 → Sept 2026; each panel highlights one series, the others faint behind it.

Dashed: a period with fewer than 20 votes counted (no value) between two that have one.

Data as a table

Agreement Index per period (0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same), with the votes counted in it. — : fewer than 20 votes counted in the period (a vote counts for a bloc when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted).
Period	The Left	Greens	S&D	Renew	EPP	ECR	Patriots	ESN
Dec 2024	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes
Mar 2025	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote	—1 vote
Apr 2025	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes	—4 votes
May 2025	0.8925 votes	0.9925 votes	0.9925 votes	0.9625 votes	0.8425 votes	0.8125 votes	0.8525 votes	0.8725 votes
Jun 2025	—2 votes	—2 votes	—2 votes	—2 votes	—2 votes	—2 votes	—2 votes	—2 votes
Jul 2025	—16 votes	—16 votes	—16 votes	—16 votes	—16 votes	—16 votes	—16 votes	—16 votes
Sept 2025	—5 votes	—5 votes	—5 votes	—5 votes	—5 votes	—5 votes	—5 votes	—5 votes
Nov 2025	0.6838 votes	0.9438 votes	0.9338 votes	0.9438 votes	0.9538 votes	0.8938 votes	0.6238 votes	0.7338 votes
Dec 2025	0.9451 votes	0.9351 votes	0.8251 votes	0.8451 votes	0.8551 votes	0.6651 votes	0.9451 votes	0.7151 votes
Jan 2026	—2 votes	—3 votes	—3 votes	—3 votes	—3 votes	—3 votes	—3 votes	—3 votes
Feb 2026	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes
Mar 2026	0.9822 votes	0.6222 votes	0.8222 votes	0.9022 votes	0.9922 votes	0.9022 votes	0.4322 votes	0.6922 votes
Apr 2026	—10 votes	—10 votes	—10 votes	—10 votes	—10 votes	—10 votes	—10 votes	—10 votes
May 2026	—13 votes	—13 votes	—13 votes	—13 votes	—13 votes	—13 votes	—13 votes	—13 votes
Jun 2026	—6 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes	—7 votes	—7 votes	—7 votes	—6 votes	—6 votes
Jul 2026	0.9538 votes	0.9538 votes	0.8438 votes	0.9838 votes	0.9738 votes	0.8438 votes	0.7338 votes	0.8438 votes
Sept 2026	0.9124 votes	0.9924 votes	0.9824 votes	0.9324 votes	0.9124 votes	0.8224 votes	0.8724 votes	0.9424 votes
Whole period	0.88	0.90	0.90	0.93	0.92	0.80	0.75	0.81
Votes considered	267	268	268	269	269	269	268	268

Over the whole selection

Each group’s Agreement Index over every vote in the selection where enough of its members voted.

Cohesion: the Agreement Index (0–1) over the votes counted — votes where at least 10 members and a third of the seats voted; — : fewer than 20 such votes. Seats: members now. Order as the backend lists the blocs, not a ranking.
Group	Cohesion	Votes counted	Seats
The Left	0.88	267	44
Greens	0.90	268	53
S&D	0.90	268	135
Renew	0.93	269	78
EPP	0.92	269	184
ECR	0.80	269	84
Patriots	0.75	268	85
ESN	0.81	268	27

The tables by committee and by topic are computed over a whole period: choose Whole period.

About these figures

What was counted, what was left out, and how.

269 votes considered (all roll-call votes matching the filters; scope).
5 of 59 decisions in the period had no final vote recorded by name (a show of hands or a count without names) and cannot be measured.
6 times a bloc had too few members voting on a vote (fewer than 10, or under a third of its seats) and was left out of that vote (turnout rule).
Cohesion is the Agreement Index: 1 when every voting member took the same position, 0 when the bloc split evenly three ways (method). A bloc counts on a vote only when at least 10 of its members and a third of its seats voted; the non-attached have no group cohesion.
Months are offered for all roll calls only, and a month needs at least 20 votes.
Each member is counted in the group they belonged to on the day of the vote (group at the date).
Roll calls are not a random sample: final votes on laws are recorded by name, most other roll calls because a group asked for it. A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes; the Parliament publishes no whip.
Methods: Cohesion (Agreement Index) v1, Final votes and all roll calls v1, Group at the date of the vote v1.
Data as of 25 Sept 2026, 03:36 UTC (data stamp f37e5638cded, code 6d4005c55bde; what the stamp is).

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Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink: https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=month&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25
Data source: European Parliament Open Data
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version: data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved: 25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade & customs (model-assigned) · political groups · per month · abstentions counted”. Analysis. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=month&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Data: European Parliament Open Data, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/ (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.

BibTeX

@misc{epw-analysis-2026-09-25,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Cohesion — All roll calls · whole term, 16 Jul 2024 – 25 Sept 2026 · topic Trade \& customs (model-assigned) · political groups · per month · abstentions counted}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=month&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/analysis/cohesion?bucket=month&scope=all&topic=trade&to=2026-09-25},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Analysis. Data: European Parliament Open Data (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}